本文目的在於探討夾砂水流中底床侵蝕與堆積之機制及其發展過程。利用π理論之變數分析，找出水砂混合流體之流場中最重要的無因次參數，並將侵蝕率與流場條件關聯。為了能精確的量測水砂混合流體之速度場分佈，實驗於矩形窄渠中進行，以避免三維的流動現象。實驗中加入堰體並以不同的渠道傾角進行觀測，以高速攝影機記錄非穩態的水砂混合流體之動床變化過程，並以粒子影像測速法(Digital Particle Image Velocimetry，DPIV)分析其速度場。
窄渠中會有表面波產生，此現象使得液面流速減緩。本研究藉由觀測及分析純水中的表面波現象，以理解此波之物理機制。此外更進一步的推導出本研究之穩定表面波型式並解析之。PIV分析之速度場結構代入POD進行計算，找出表面波對流場流動的特徵影響，以解釋表面波液面流速較緩之因素。
透過實驗之分析可知，動床之混合層速度分佈近似線性，而根據此分佈型態，本研究提出新的底床啟動條件。此外本研究之侵蝕式沿續Li and Duffy (2011)，顆粒沉降與底床侵蝕能同時發生之概念，將π因子與混合層沉降及新底床啟動條件結合，成為本研究之π理論侵蝕式。本文中最重要的π因子有: (1)底床顆粒之黏滯力與慣性力之比值(NBag-1，考量間隙流體的黏度)；(2)底床顆粒之重力與慣性力之比值(NSav-1，考量顆粒間的碰撞)；(3)混合層厚度與整體水深之比值；(4)清水層平均流速與混合層界面流速之比值(考量深度方向的速度分佈並不均勻)。

This study aims at the erosion/deposition mechanism at the bottom of the water-sediment mixture flows. With the help of Buckingham π-theorem, we figured out the relevant π-terms and the physically insignificant variables are isolated. Experiments were performed in a narrow channel, of which the inclination angle is adjustable. Apart from clear water, sand-water mixture was used. Types were considered: with weir and without weir at the end of the channel. In experiments, we focus on a) the process of erosion and deposition; and b) velocity profile. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique with software PIVlab was employed to analyze the high-speed camera captured images. In the present study, it is found that the most important π factors are a) the Bagnold number (the viscosity of the interstitial fluid); b) the Savage number (collision of the grains); c) the sediment volumetric concentration at the bottom and the ratio of mixture layer thickness to total water depth; d) the velocity distribution along the flow thickness. We also found that the piecewise-linear velocity profile is applicable. Hence, based on the assumption of piecewise-linear velocity profile and the analysis of Buckingham π-theorem, an erosion-deposition formulation is proposed, which was then validated against the channel experiments. In addition, surface wave pattern was observed in experiments, where the wave is not symmetrical in the lateral direction and it is not generated by the hydraulic jump in front of the weir. As no wave generator is used at the upstream section, a simple linear theory with surface tension, suggested by Dr. C.Y. Kuo at Academia Sinica, is introduced. The theoretical prediction was compared with the experimental measurement, where sound agreement is obtained.

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