組織於面臨充滿變動的環境下，必須依賴各種不同的知識才能在競爭激烈的產業中脫穎而出，也是組織競爭力的來源，同時也是在知識經濟時代，組織所賴以生存發展的關鍵。然而，在知識管理的領域中，組織如何蓄積與建立知識資料庫將是最大的挑戰，其中如何促進組織成員們對進行知識交流與分享的態度與意圖，更是提升組織競爭力和營運績效的重點。
在醫療服務領域中，依賴員工專業知識來執行業務是一項極其普遍行為，個人對同樣事務的執行，無法如生產線一般有標準的操作步驟來運行，面對不同屬性與問題的業務，將會有不同的處理程序。因此，醫療專業服務人員在執行日常業務時，經常需要與其他同事做溝通和一起解決問題，除了本身所具備的專業技術和知識之外，尚需要有足夠能力與同事們做知識交流，而在交流的深度和廣度上，比起其他行業更具重要性。如何能讓單位成員們有順暢的環境和資源做知識分享活動，以及員工們本身受到哪些因素影響其知識分享的意圖與行為，這是所屬單位組織中全體成員們的重要課題，也是本研究所欲深入探討的主題。
本研究採用 Ajen 和Fishbein 經實證後的理論來探討，以理性行為與計劃行為理論為主要核心架構，再加上學者Bandura 的社會認知理論 (SCT; social cognitive theory)研究關於成員的自我效能研究論點，從而深入分析研究，並納入主管支持和自我效能當前因變數，進一步釐清單位組織員工會否受到這兩項與組織成員於施行知識分享行為時，息息相關的外在變數。為增強研究的代表性，而採行便利抽樣問卷發放方式，以發放問卷調查和收集醫療服務人員在進行相關知識分享行為與知識分享意圖時的影響因素資訊，並於問卷回收後以結構方程模式統計軟體對研究資料做分析檢視考驗與驗證是否對所提出之研究架構有契合。從而能將研究成果呈現給實務界並做出研究建議和貢獻。
本研究於回收問卷後，採用結構方程模式驗證各構面之適配性與顯著關係，資料分析結果如下：1.知識分享意圖對知識分享行為，有顯著的正向影響效果。2.態度對知識分享意圖，有顯著的正向影響效果。3.主觀規範對知識分享意圖，有顯著的正向影響效果。4.認知行為控制對知識分享意圖，有顯著的正向影響效果。5.主管支持對認知行為控制，有顯著的正向影響效果。6.自我效能對認知行為控制，有顯著的正向影響效果。

Organizations face is full of changes in the environment, must rely on a variety of knowledge to the highly competitive industry stand out, is also a source of organizational competitiveness, but also in the knowledge economy, organizations of which the key to survival and development. However, in the field of knowledge management, organizational knowledge of how to accumulate and build the database will be the biggest challenge, in which organization members how to promote the exchange and sharing of knowledge on attitude and intention is to enhance organizational competitiveness and operating performance focus. In the health care field, reliance on staff expertise to perform the business is a very common practice, individuals of the same transaction execution, such as production lines are generally not standard operating procedure to run, face the problem of different attributes and operations, will be different process.
Therefore, the medical professional staff in the implementation of daily operations, we often need to communicate with colleagues and work together to solve problems, in addition to the inherent expertise and knowledge, the ability yet to have enough to do the exchange of knowledge with colleagues, and in the depth and breadth of communication, more importance than other industries. How can the unit members have had the resources to do knowledge sharing activities, as well as employees themselves affecting the intention of sharing their knowledge and behavior, which is owned unit of organization in the important subject of all members, but in this study to further explore the topic also.
This study adopted Ajen and Fishbein's theory by empirical reseach, theory of reasoned behavior and theory of planned behavior as the main core structure, together with scholars Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) of the members of self-efficacy research on the argument, which in-depth analysis, and supervisory support, self-efficacy include the current head of the dependent variable, and further clarify the employees will be affected by these two organizations with members in the implementation of knowledge sharing behavior, closely related to external variables. To enhance the representativeness of the study, questionnaires were issued and the adoption of methods to survey and collect payment of medical service during the knowledge sharing behavior and knowledge sharing intention of influencing factors when the information and the questionnaire was recovered IV in the structural equation modeling software to do the research data analysis to examine the test and verify whether the proposed research framework is fit. To be able to research presented to practitioners and to make research suggestions and contributions. In this study, returned questionnaires, the use of structural equation model goodness of fit of each dimension and a significant relationship between the data analysis results are as follows: 1. Knowledge sharing intentions toward knowledge sharing behavior, a significant positive effect. 2. Attitude for knowledge sharing intention, a significant positive effect. 3. Subjective norm for knowledge sharing intention has a significant positive effect. 4. Perceived behavioral control on intention of knowledge sharing has a significant positive effect. 5. Supervisor support on perceived behavioral control, a significant positive effect. 6. Self-efficacy of perceived behavioral control, a significant positive effect.

一、中文部份
1. 王宜敏 (2000)，影響資訊人員知識分享行為之因素―以社會交換理論 為基礎來探討， 未出
版之碩士論文，國立中山大學。
2. 吳萬益 & 林清河(2005)，企業研究方法(二版)：華泰書局。
3. 汪金城(2000)，研發機構分享機制之研究－以工研院光電所研發團隊為例，未出版之碩士
論文，政治大學，台北市。
4. 陳順宇 (2005)，多變量分析(四版)：華泰書局。
5. 黃芳明 (2007)，結構方程式：理論與應用(初版)，台北市：五南圖書。
二、英文部份
1. Ajzen, I. (1980). Understanding events - affect and the construction of social-action - heise,dr.
Contemporary Psychology, 25(10), 775-776.
2. Ajzen, I. (1981). Message-attitude-behavior relationship - theory, methodology, and application -
cushman,dp, mcphee,rd. Contemporary Psychology, 26(12), 964-966.
3. Ajzen, I. (1987a). Attitudes, traits, and actions - dispositional prediction of behavior in
personality and social-psychology. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 20, 1-63.
4. Ajzen, I. (1987b). Communication and persuasion - central and peripheral routes to
attitude-change - petty,re, cacioppo,jt. Contemporary Psychology, 32(12), 1009-1010.
5. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
6. Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of
planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
7. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1969). Prediction of behavioral intentions in a choice situation.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 5(4), 400.
8. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1975). Bayesian analysis of attribution processes. Psychological
Bulletin, 82(2), 261-277.
9. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations - theoretical-analysis and review of
empirical-research. Psychological Bulletin, 84(5), 888-918.
10. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1978). Use and misuse of bayes theorem in causal attribution - dont
attribute it to ajzen and fishbein either. Psychological Bulletin, 85(2), 244-246.
11. Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior - attitudes, intentions, and
perceived behavioral-control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22(5), 453-474.
12. Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations：On doing what you love and
loving what you do. California Management Review, 40(1), 39-58.
13. Anderson, J. C., Rungtusanatham, M., Schroeder, R. G., & Devaraj, S. (1995). A path analytic
model of a theory of quality management underlying the Deming management method:
Preliminary empirical findings. Decision Sciences, 26(5), 637-658.
14. Arthur Andersen Business Consulting. (1999). Zukai Knowledge Management. Tokyo: Toyo
Keizai.
15. Arthur, J. B., & Kim, D. O. (2005). Gainsharing and knowledge sharing: the effects of
labour-management co-operation. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(9),
1564-1582.
16. Bagozzi, R. (1980). Causal Models in Marketing. N.Y. : Wiley.
17. Bailey, C. (2003). Using knowledge management to make health systems work. Bulletin of the
World Health Organization, 81(11), 777-777.
18. Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2,
February), 122-147.
19. Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs,
NJ.
20. Bandura, A., & Jourden, F. J. (1991). Self-regulatory mechanisms governing the impact of social
comparison on complex decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6),
941-951.
21. Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS Structural Equations Program Manual, Encino CA: Multivariate
Software Inc.: Berman, S.L.; Down, J.; Hill.
22. Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: Wiley.
23. Bright, A. D., & Fishbein, M. (1993). Application of the theory of reasoned action to the National
Park Service's controlled burn policy. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(3), 263.
24. Bruno-Faria, M. F., & Alencer, E. M. L. S. (1996). Stimulate and Obstacles to Creativity in the
Work Place. Revista de Administracao, 31, 73-84.
25. Collins, B. K., & Kim, H. J. (2009). Are satisfied citizens willing to pay more? Public sector
consumerism as equitable social exchange. Public Money & Management, 29(2), 109-116.
26. Cook, D. E., Mellor, L., Frost, G., & Creutzburg, R. (2002). Knowledge management and the
control of duplication Engineering and Deployment of Cooperative Information Systems,
Proceedings (Vol. 2480, pp. 396-402). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin.
27. Cuieford, J. P. (1965). Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education. New York:
Mcgraw-Hill.
28. Cumming, A. a. G. R. O. (1997). Enhancing creativity: Managing work contexts for the high
potential employee. California Management Review, 40(1), 22-38.
29. Davenport, T. H., & Prusak, L. (1998). Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage :What
They Know. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
30. Davenport, T. H., & Voelpel, S. C. (2004). Strategic management in the knowledge economy.
Long Range Planning, 37(1), 103-105.
31. Davies, N. J., Stewart, R. S., & Weeks, R. (1998). Knowledge sharing agents over the World
Wide Web. Bt Technology Journal, 16(3), 104-109.
32. Dougherty, V. (1999). Knowledge is about People, not Databases. Industrial and Commercial
Training, 31(7), 262-267.
33. Elliott, T. E., Regal, R. R., Renier, C. M., Crouse, B. J., Gangeness, D. E., Elliott, B. A., et al.
(2001). Instruments to measure cancer management knowledge of rural health care providers.
Journal of Cancer Education, 16(2), 109-113.
34. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1974). Attitudes towards objects as predictors of single and multiple
behavioral criteria. Psychological Review, 81(1), 59-74.
35. Frize, M., Yang, L., Walker, R. C., & O'Connor, A. M. (2005). Conceptual framework of
knowledge management for ethical decision-making support in neonatal intensive care. Ieee
Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 9(2), 205-215.
36. Gibert, K., Sanchez-Marre, M., & Rodriguez-Roda, I. (2006). GESCONDA: An intelligent data
analysis system for knowledge discovery and management in environmental databases.
Environmental Modelling & Software, 21(1), 115-120.
37. Gist, M. E. (1987). Self-efficacy: implications for organizational behavior and resource
management. Academy of Management Review, 12(3), 472-485.
38. Gist, M. E., & Mitchell, T. R. (1992). Self-Efficacy: A theroretical analysis of its determinants
and mallebility. Academy of Management Review, 17(2), 183-211.
39. Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L. D., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2002). The influence of autonomous
and controlling motives on physical activity intentions within the theory of planned behaviour.
British Journal of Health Psychology, 7, 283-298.
40. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1995). Multivariate data analysis (Vol.
4th Ed). NJ.: Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall.
41. Hankins, M., French, D., & Horne, R. (2000). Statistical guidelines for studies of the theory of
reasoned action and the theory of planned behaviour. Psychology & Health, 15(2), 151-161.
42. Hansen, M. T. (2002). Knowledge networks: Explaining effective knowledge sharing in multiunit
companies. Organization Science, 13(3), 232-248.
43. Heberlein, T. A., & Black, J. S. (1976). Attitudinal specificity and prediction of behavior in a field
setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33(4), 474-479.
44. Hendriks, P. H. (1999). The organisational impact of knowledge-based systems: a knowledge
perspective. Knowledge-Based Systems, 12(4), 159-169.
45. Hiraki, K., & Anzai, Y. (1996). Sharing knowledge with robots. International Journal of
Human-Computer Interaction, 8(3), 325-342.
46. Hiscock, J. (2004). Developing knowledge management awareness in public relations students.
Public Relations Review, 30(1), 107-115.
47. Holtshouse, D. (1998). Knowledge research issues. California Management Review, 40(3), 277.
48. Jang, S., Hong, K., Bock, G. W., & Kim, I. (2002). Knowledge management and process
innovation: The knowledge transformation path in Samsung SDI. Journal of Knowledge
Management, 6(5), 479-485.
49. Joreskog, K.G., & Sorbom, D., (1981). LISREL VI: Analysis of linear structural relationships by
maximum likelihood and least square method. Mooresville, IN; SSI..
50. Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31-36.
51. Kelly, H. H., & Thibaut, J. W. (1959). The Social Psychology of Groups. New York: John Wiley
and Sons.
52. Kevin, C., & Yukika, A. (2005). Segment and destroy: the missing capabilities of knowledge
management. The Journal of Business Strategy, 26(4), 46-52.
53. Krebs, S. A., Restubog, S. L. D., Bordia, P., & Munro, D. C. (2005). The impact of management
support on database knowledge sharing: The role of perceived benefits. Australian Journal of
Psychology, 57, 134-134.
54. Liyanage, S. (2002). Knowledge and intellectual capital management processes: Grounding
knowledge and understanding of organisational learning. Journal of Universal Computer Science,
8(5), 526-535.
55. Marakas, M. M., Yi, M. Y., & Johnson, R. D. (1998). The multilevel and multifaceted character
of computer self-efficacy: toward clarification of the construct and an intergrative framework of
research. Information Systems Research, 9(2, June), 126-163.
56. Musen, M. A. (1992). Dimensions of knowledge sharing and reuse. Computers and Biomedical
Research, 25(5), 435-467.
57. Nonaka, I. (1996). From information processing to knowledge creation: A paradigm shift in
business management. Technology in Society, 18(2), 203-218.
58. Nonaka, I. (2005). Strategic knowledge creation: the case of Hamamatsu Photonics. International
Journal of Technology Management, 30(3-4), 248-264.
59. Nonaka, I. (2006). Organizational knowledge creation theory: Evolutionary paths and future
advances. Organization Studies, 27(8), 1179-1208.
60. Nonaka, I., Fabio, C., & Patrick, R. (1999). Knowledge Creation within Industrial Systems.
Journal of Management & Governance, 3(4), 379-394.
61. Nonaka, I., & Toyama, R. (2005). The theory of the knowledge-creating firm: subjectivity,
objectivity and synthesis. Industrial and Corporate Change, 14(3), 419-436.
62. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. New York, NY: McGraaw-Hill.
63. Polanyi, M. (1966). The Tacit Dimension. London: Routledge & Keegan Paul.
64. Prusak, L. (2001). Where did knowledge management come from? Ibm Systems Journal, 40(4),
1002-1007.
65. Quinn, J. B., Anderson, P., & Finkelstein, S. (1996). Managing professional intellect: Making the
most of the best. Harvard Business Review, 74(2), 71-80.
66. Ramus, C. A. (2001). Organizational support for employees: encouraging creative Ideas for
environmental sustainability. California Management Review, 43(3), 85-105.
67. Russell, K. G. (2002). What is knowledge management? Ee-Evaluation Engineering, 41(11), 44.
68. Ryan, S. D., & Prybutok, V. R. (2001). Factors affecting the adoption of knowledge management
technologies: A discriminative approach. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 41(4), 31-37.
69. Ryu, S., Ahn, T., & Han, I. (2007). The impact of web quality and playfulness on user acceptance
of online retailing. Information and Management, 44, 263-275.
70. Senge, P. (1997). Sharing Knowledge Executive Excellence, 14(11), 17-18.
71. Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization.
New York: Doubleday Currency.
72. Shaw, D., & May, H. (2001). Sharing knowledge with nursing home staff: An objective
investigation. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 36(2), 200-205.
73. Shepherd, R. (2007). Commentary on Shepherd, R. & Towler, G. (1992) Nutrition knowledge,
attitudes and fat intake: application of the theory of reasoned action. Journal of Human Nutrition
and Dietetics; 5, 387-397. Journal Of Human Nutrition And Dietetics: The Official Journal Of
The British Dietetic Association, 20(3), 170-170.
74. Shin, M., Holden, T., & Schmidt, R. A. (2001). From knowledge theory to management practice:
towards an integrated approach. Information Processing & Management, 37(2), 335-355.
75. Skyrme, D., & Amidon, D. (1997). Creating the Knowledge-based Business. London: Business
Intelligence Ltd.
76. Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice
within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 27-43.
77. Teece, D. J. (1998). Research directions for knowledge management. California Management
Review, 40(3), 289-292.
78. Teo, T. S. H., & Ang, J. S. K. (1999). Critical success factors in the alignment of IS plans with
business plans. International Journal of Information Management, 19(2), 173-185.
79. Toffler, A. (1991). Powershift: Knowledge, walth , and Power at the Edge of the 21st Century.
New York The New York Times Press.
80. Wayland, R. E., & Coel, P. C. (1997). Customer connections :new strategies for growth. Harvard
Business School Press.
81. Zaharova, S., & Zelmene, K. (2004). Knowledge management in delivering customer oriented
services in public sector. Knowledge Management in Electronic. Government, Proceedings (Vol.
3025, pp. 37-46). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin.