| 研究生: |
陳美雲 Chen, Mei-Yun |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
組織氣候、人格特質對組織承諾之影響-人力資源管理機制之中介效果 The Influence and Disturbance of the Organization Climate and Person’s Character to the Organizational Commitment – The Mediating Effect of Human Resources Management Mechanism |
| 指導教授: |
蔡明田
Tsai, Ming-Tien |
| 共同指導教授: |
蔡惠婷
Tsai, Huei-Ting |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA) Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA) |
| 論文出版年: | 2010 |
| 畢業學年度: | 98 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 124 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 組織氣候 、人格特質 、人力資源管理 、組織承諾 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | organization climate, personality special characteristic, human resources management, organization commitment |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:119 下載:2 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
因應二十一世紀是知識經濟的時代,隨著社會環境的快速變遷,企業必需提昇其競爭優勢,首先要有創意、創新的新產品,並能提供全新的服務給客戶,必然要有其創意、創新的優秀人才及組織內的智慧資產,才是企業永續經營、不斷成長的重要關鍵。因此,組織要策略創新、人才培訓、提升員工的專業能力等等,這些能力的形成,則需來自員工本身的工作績效、自發性行為,願意主動協助同事,共同達成組織目標。員工是企業的最大無形資產,若能成功的運用每一位員工的智慧財,人盡其才,就能創造出最大的邊際效益。
因此,如何提高產業競爭力為當前重要課題。要有優勢的競爭力,人力資源管理機制是最主要關鍵;如何吸收更多的優秀人才,增加內部人員晉升的機會,能讓公司保持活力及創新的氛圍,就能創造及確保其競爭優勢。因此,企業如何創造員工最大的滿足及激勵員工達到最大工作績效,以符合公司的核心目標,是組織管理者應妥善思考的重要課題。
本研究將從電子業以及金融業員工的角度,探討組織氣候、人格特質對組織承諾之影響並以人力資源管理機制當作中介效果。依據研究分析結果提
出三項建議:一. 以內外控人格特質傾向作為招募與甄選的參考指標。二. 在甄選人才時,應考慮其人格特質與主管的領導型態相結合。三.以工作績效為基礎的薪酬升遷及培訓人才的訓練發展制度,並能兼顧求才、育才與留才。其研究的結果,希望能喚起企業的管理者重視人力資源管理的重要性。本研究問卷以電子業以及金融業的員工為對象,總計發放420份問卷,回收有效問卷382份,並以因素分析、t檢定、MANOVA、相關分析及迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析驗證,實證分析結果歸納如下:
1. 組織氣候對人力資源管理機制有顯著正向影響
2. 人格特質對人力資源管理機制有顯著正向影響
3. 人力資源管理機制對組織承諾有顯著正向影響。
4. 組織氣候對組織承諾有顯著正向影響
5. 人格特質對組織承諾有顯著正向影響
6. 組織氣候透過人力資源管理機制對組織承諾有顯著正向影響
7. 人格特質透過人力資源管理機制對組織承諾有顯著正向影響
8. 不同之人口統計變數在組織氣候、人格特質、人力資源管理機制對組織承諾有差異性。
In accordance to the 21st century’s knowledge-based economy, going along with social environment's fast vicissitude, an enterprise must sustain its competitive advantage, must have the creativity, innovation for new product, and can provide the better-and-better service to its customers. In order to hold a company’s creativity and innovation ability, the key is the company’s employees and the organization must focus on the strategic innovation , personnel training programs, training skillful workers in its core professional fields and so on. If all employees can contribute their passion and being self-starters to help each other focusing on accomplishing the company’s business goal, they would be priceless and major assets of the company.
Therefore, the important issue for a company is how to improve its competitiveness through Effective human resources management, how to attract people and talents to work for it and to rationally increase the opportunities for promotion within the organization. Moreover, companies how to maximize employee’s satisfaction and motivate employees to achieve maximum performance to meet the company's goal. All these questions mentioned above should be properly handled by a company’s management team.
This research will be from the employee’s view of the electronic industry & financial industry to discuss the effects of the organizational commitment from the organizational climate, personality special characteristics. And also uses Human Resource management to be the mediating effect to finish this research. Puts forward three proposals based on the research analysis result:
One. Within outside controls the personality special characteristic tendency achievement to recruit with the norm for reference which selects.
Two. When selects the talented person, should consider that its personality special characteristic and the manager lead the state to unify.
Three. Take works the achievements to be promoted as the foundation salary and to train the talented person the training development system , and can give dual attention to the vacant position, foster talent with the talent.
This result, hopefully to arouse the biz administration to place importance on Human Resouce managements. The questionnaires focus on the employees of the electronic industry & financial industry. A total of four hundred twenty questionnaires send out, 382 valid ones have been sent back. This study uses factor analysis t-veritication, MANOVA, Correlation analysis, regression analysis and statistics to analyze and verify the research as follows:
1. Organizational climate has remarkable and positive effects on Human Resource Management.
2. Personality special characteristics have remarkable and positive effects on Human Respurce management.
3. Human Resource management has positive effects on organizational commitment.
4. Organizational climate has positive effects on organizational commitment
5. Personality special characteristics have positive effects on organizational commitment.
6. Organizational climate has remarkable & positive effects on organizational commitment through Human Resource management.
7. Personality special characteristics have remarkable & positive effects on organizational commitment through Human Resource management.
8. In different demographic variables have differences in Organizational climate, personality special characteristics, Human Resource management system and organizational commitment.
一、中文部份
1. 毛筱豔、陳建佑、林少龍(2002),以內在動機為干擾變數探討員工訓練與工作投入之關係,國立台北商業技術學院學報,3 卷,頁1-28。
2. 王秋慶〈2003〉,員工的溝通滿足與組織氣候對其工作壓力、組織承諾與離職傾向的影響之研究─以嘉義縣市地政事務所為例,南華大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
3. 王薪為〈2007〉,領導型態、組織氣候、學習型組織與組織承諾關係之研究—以高科技產業為例,國立成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
4. 王蘭〈1999〉,醫院員工領導型態、工作滿意度、組織承諾及離職傾向之研究,高雄醫學院公共衛生學研究所碩士論文。
5. 朱玉敏(2005),非營利組織內部行銷作為、組織承諾與組織公民行為關係之研究。高苑技術學院經營管理研究所碩士論文,未出版。
6. 吳秉恩(1999),分享式人力資源管理理念程序與實務,台北:翰蘆圖書出版有限公司。
7. 房美玉〈2002〉,儲備幹部人格特質甄選量表之建立與應用-以某高科技公司為例,人力資源管理學報,(2,1), 1-18 頁。
8. 林育理〈2005〉,組織知識活動氣候對員工知識活動行為影響之研究:一個跨層次模式的驗證,元智大學,博士論文。
9. 林宜珍(2002),工作特性、人力資源管理模式與工作滿足、組織承諾關係之研究,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
10. 邱哲民〈2009〉,組織氣候、溝通媒介對溝通滿足及組織承諾之影響-以某公司生產型專案計畫為例,東海大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
11. 張乃宏〈2006〉,組織變革後員工對組織氣候、領導行為與留任意願之相關性研究-以A軍修補大隊為例,樹德科技大學經營管理研究所碩士論文。
12. 張延蓉(2003),內部行銷、工作滿足、組織承諾與顧客導向服務關係之研究。南華大學旅遊事業管理研究所碩士論文,未出版。
13. 張嘉真(2006),內部行銷與企業文化對工作績效之結構化模式分析-以組織承諾與工作滿足為中介變數,南台科技大學行銷與流通管理研究所碩士論文,未出版。
14. 許清鈞〈2004〉,金控成立後銀行之組織氣候、員工人格特質對員工工作滿意度及組織承諾影響之研究,國立成功大學管理學院碩士論文。
15. 郭欣易〈2000〉,人格特質與激勵偏好、工作態度、工作表現之相關研究,世新大學觀光學系碩士班論文。
16. 陳孟修、林麗芬 〈2001〉,個人特徵、人格特質與員工工作生活品質對組織承諾的影響之研究,企銀季刊,第24卷,第五期,63-77頁。
17. 陳宗賢〈2003〉,員工協助方案與組織氣候對工作士氣、組織承諾與離職傾向之關聯性研究-以上市公司為例,南華大學管理研究所碩士論文。
18. 陳俊龍〈2006〉,影響員工留任意願及離職傾向因素之探討,國立成功大學企業管理學研究所碩士論文。
19. 陳淑容〈2008〉,人格特質、工作滿足、組織承諾對員工離職之影響-
以資訊科技業為例,台南科技大學商學與管理研究所碩士論文。
20. 曾國斌(2001),不同產業與人格特質從業人員其工作壓力之差異分析,成功大學工業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
21. 華幸娟(2006),企業推動員工協助方案與組織文化、組織承諾關聯性之研究,中國文化大學勞動學研究所碩士論文,未出版。
22. 黃同圳(2002),績效評估與管理,李誠主編:人力資源管理的12 堂課,台北:天下遠見出版股份有限公司。
23. 黃秋萍(2005),內部行銷、勞資關係氣氛對組織承諾、情緒勞動與顧客導向行為之關係性研究。南華大學理科學研究所碩士論文,未出版。
24. 葉育秀〈2008〉,非營利組織員工人格特質、組織承諾與工作投入之相關研究,國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
25. 詹益統(1996),個人屬性、人格特質與內滋激勵與外附激勵關聯性之研究---以交通部數據通訊所員工為例。新竹:國立交通大學管理科學研究所未出版之碩士論文。
26. 蔣美惠〈2004〉,探討保全人員生涯管理、人格特質及組織氣候對工作滿足、自我效能與工作績效之關聯性研究-以台北市保全公司為例,南華大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
27. 蔣景清〈2002〉,組織氣候、組織承諾與組織公民行為關係之研究—以C 工廠為例,中山大學人力資源管理研究所。
28. 蔡立旭〈2000〉,組織氣候、組織學習與自我效能之關係,大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文。
29. 蔡欣嵐〈2001〉,工作特性、人格特質與工作滿意度之關係-以半導體業為例,國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
30. 蔡維奇(2002),員工訓練與開發,李誠主編:人力資源管理的12 堂課,台北:天下遠見出版股份有限公司。
31. 鄭臻妹(2001),內外控人格特質工作特性及工作績效之分析研究~以台灣高科技產業員工為例,中央大學人力資源管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
32. 薛婉婷(1997),人格特質與工作特性之契合對工作滿足與組織承諾的影響。中壢,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
33. 鍾芳榮〈2004〉,探討知識工作者內外控人格特質、工作投入、工作滿足及離職傾向之影響關係,東吳大學商學院企業管理學系碩士論文。
34.羅業勤(1998),薪資管理,台北:合勤企業管理顧問有限公司。
二、英文部份
1. Abush, R. & Burkhead, E.J., (1984). Job Stress in Midlife Working Women: Relationships among Personality Type, of Characteristics, and Job Tension. Journal of Counseling Psychology, Vol.31, No.1, 36-44
2. Amerstrong, M. & Baron, A., (1998). Performance Management: The New Realities. Institutes of Personnel and Development.
3. Blau, G.J., & Boal, K.B.(1987), Conceptualizing how job involvement and organizational commitment affect turnover and absenteeism, Academy of Management Review, 12(2), 288-300.
4. Carver, C.S. & Glass, D.C., (1978). Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern and Interpersonal Aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.36, No.4, 361-366
5. Costa, P.T., Jr., & McCrae, R.R. (1992). The five-factor model of personality and itsrelevance to personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6, 343-359.
6. Davis, S. F., & J. J. Palladino. (2000). Psychology (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Prentice Hall.
7. Dessler, G. (1994). Human Resource Management, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall.
8. Friedman, M. & Roseman, R.H., (1974). Type A Behavior and Your Hear, New York: Knopt.
9. Gatewood, R. D., & Field, H. S. (1998), Human Resource Selection, Fort Worth, TX: commitment scales,” Personnel Psychology, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 87-99.
10. Goldstein, I. L., (1986), “Training in Organization: Needs Assessment, Development, and Evaluation,” C.A.: Brooks-Cole Publishing Co..
11. Hall,D.T.& Schneider,B.1972,Correlates of Organizational Identification as a Function Go Career and Pattern Organizational Type,Administrative Science Quarterly,Vol.17, pp.340-350.
12. Judge, Timothy A. and Joyce E. Bono. (2001). “Relationship of Core Self-Evaluation--- self-Esteem, Generalized Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, and Emotional Stability---with Job Satisfaction and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), pp. 80-92.
13. Latham, G. P. & Wexley, N. (1981), “Increasing Productivity Through Performance Appraisal Grending.” MA: Addison-Wesley.
14. Lewin, K.(1951), Field theory in social science , New York: Harper & Bros. Co.
15. Litwin, G.G. & Stringer,R.A. (1968) , Motivation and Organizational Climate , Boston: Harvard University Press.
16. MaCrae, R. R., & Allik, J. (2002). The five-factor model of personality across cultures. New York: Kluwer/Plenum press.
17. McCrae, R.R. & Costa, P.T., Jr. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model acrossinstruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 81-90.
18. Meyer, J. P. & Allen, N. J.(1997). Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
19. Meyer, J. P., Irving, P.G. & Allen, N. J.(1998).Examination of the combined effects of work values and early work experiences on organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19(1), 29-52.
20. Meyer, J. P.,& Herscovitch, L.(2001) Commitment in the workplace toward a general model. Human Resource Management Review 11(3), 299-326.
21. Meyer, R. C., & Schoorman, F. D.(1992). Predicting participation and production outcomes through a two-dimensional model of organizational commitment. Academy of Management Journal 35(3), 671-684.
22. Milkovich, G.T. & Newman, J.M., “Compensation,” 7th ed., N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, (2002).
23. Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W.(1982), Employee-organization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover, San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
24. Noe, R. A. et al., “Human Resource Management: gaining a competitive advantage,” 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill Companies. (2000).
25. Pilling, B. K., Naveen Donthu, & Steve Henson. (1999). “Accounting for the impact of territory characteristics on sales performance: Relative efficiency as a measure of salesperson performance.” The Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 19(2), pp. 35-45.
26. Porter, L., Steers, R., Mowday, R., & Boulian, P. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology,59, 603-609.
27. Rashid, Md. Z. A., Ssmbasivan, M. & Johari, J.(2003), “The influence of corporate culture and organizational commitment on performance,” Journal of Management Development, Vol. 22, No. 8, pp. 708-728.
28. Robbins, S. P. (1998). Organizational Behavior(8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Prentice Hall International.
29. Robbins, S. P. 2001. Organizational Behavior.9th ed., New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
30. Robbins, S. P.(2002). Management(7th ed.).New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
31. Schmit, M.J. and Kihm, J.A., (2000). Development of a Global Measure of personality. Personnel Psychology, 53(1):53-193
32. Schuler, R. S.(1996), Human Resource Management, 5rd. New York: West Publishing Co.
33. Schwartz, S. H.(1999). A theory of cultural values and some implications for work. Applied Psychology, 48(1), 23-47.
34. Spector, P.E.(1982). “Behavior in Organizations as a Function of Employee’s Locus of Control.”Psychological Bulletin, 91, pp. 482-497.
35. Spector,P.E.(1982).Behavior in Organization as a Function of Employee,s Locus of control.Psychological Bulletin,91,PP.482-497.
36. Steers R.M.,(1977).“Antecedents & Outcomes of Organizationl commitment ,”Administrative Science Quarterly,22,p.46-56.
37. Tagiuri,R.& Litwin G.H.(1968), Organizational Climate:Exploration of a Concept , Boston: Harvard University .
38. Ulrich, D., Brockbank, W., & Yeung, A. (1989). Beyond belief: A benchmark for human resources. Human Resource Management, 28(3): 311-335