近年國際間興起「其他有效保育措施之區域（Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures, OECM）」的概念，該制度指的是未被劃設為正式保護區，但在實際管理上仍能有效維持生物多樣性的區域，強調保育成效而非形式劃設。OECM作為國際保育政策的新興概念，反映出全球保育模式逐步朝向更具多元化與彈性的治理方式發展。在此趨勢下，臺灣亦積極推動各項海洋與漁業管理措施，以回應資源枯竭與保育壓力。專用漁業權制度為臺灣的漁業空間治理機制，具有空間明確、地方組織參與、自主管理等特性，與OECM強調的生態功能與社區參與原則存在潛在連結，故本研究選擇以此制度作為案例，探討其作為OECM實踐場域的可能性與制度挑戰。
本研究採用紮根理論進行質性分析，歸納出制度面、社會面與治理面三大核心構面。研究結果指出：制度面包括法規定位與政策推動之限制，反映制度在本地化程度不足、法律彈性有限與配套資源缺乏等結構性問題；社會面涵蓋地方參與、公眾支持、經濟生計考量、傳統知識與治理理念共識，顯示社區接受度與保育參與動能的不均衡現象；治理面則涉及跨部會協作、長期規劃、資源評估與管理，以及監測與執法等挑戰，顯示跨層級治理與執行能力仍有強化空間。
專用漁業權雖具備轉化為OECM的基礎條件，但仍需同步推進制度調整、資源投入、在地參與強化及跨部門治理機制。本研究針對其整合過程中所面臨的挑戰進行分析，並提出具體政策建議，作為相關制度設計與實務操作之參考。

This study employs grounded theory for qualitative analysis, progressively constructing three core analytical dimensions: institutional, social, and governance dimensions, serving as a conceptual framework for understanding the integration process between exclusive fishing rights and OECM. The research findings indicate that the institutional dimension involves deficiencies in legal positioning and policy coordination, which may limit the flexibility of institutional integration; the social dimension reveals weak local participation conditions, conceptual gaps, and divergent views on conservation principles; and the governance dimension reflects inter-ministerial collaboration barriers, unclear responsibility allocation, and insufficient monitoring and enforcement capacity, reflecting the substantial resistance that institutional integration may face in its implementation and subsequent enforcement.Despite these diverse challenges, the study also notes that if standards for recognition are established, local governance capabilities are strengthened, management responsibilities are integrated, and social trust is enhanced, exclusive fishing rights still have the potential to be transformed into an OECM implementation system. This study analyzes the challenges faced in integrating exclusive fishing rights with OECM and proposes specific policy recommendations as a reference for related institutional design and practical implementation. The findings and discussions can also serve as a basis for further research to supplement and deepen the understanding of these issues.

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