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研究生: 連唯盛
Lien, Wei-Shen
論文名稱: 颱風洪災之降雨因子與經濟損失關係研究
A study on the relationship between rainfall factor and property loss due to typhoon-induced floods
指導教授: 羅偉誠
Lo, Wei-Chen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 自然災害減災及管理國際碩士學位學程
International Master Program on Natural Hazards Mitigation and Management
論文出版年: 2015
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 68
中文關鍵詞: 地文性淹水模式台灣颱洪災損評估系統洪災損失降雨因子
外文關鍵詞: PHD model, TLAS, property loss, rainfall factor
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  • 近年來由於極端氣候及極端水文事件發生頻率增加,在都市人口快速成長以及都市用地向外擴張的背景因素之下,災害受體的規模及敏感度也隨之日益增加。又因為台灣位於西太平洋颱風路徑範圍,導致都市地區受洪水災害的威脅遽增。由於治水受限於預算上的限制,且洪水對於不同土地利用亦會造成不同程度的損失,如何有效地將預算分配將是一大課題。
    本研究結合地文性淹排水模式(PHD model)和台灣颱洪災損失評估系統(TLAS),將不同重現期距下的降雨情境進行模擬,進而推求不同土地利用的損失規模,分析洪災損失和降雨因子之間的回歸關係。本研究以蘭陽平原作為研究範圍,包含新城溪集水區、冬山河集水區、蘭陽溪流域、頭城沿海河系流域,面積約為1290平方公里。以2008年薔密颱風豪雨淹水現象模擬進行PHD model參數檢定,並修正以符合現地逕流情形。利用不同降雨重現期距進行模擬。
    結果顯示在不同重現期距降雨,損失最為嚴重的鄉鎮為五結鄉,其次為壯圍鄉和宜蘭市。分析土地利用與淹水面積,以農業受到洪災的面積最大。洪災損失在各重現期距降雨之下,以商業損失金額最高。並利用回歸分析求得降雨因子(降雨延時和累積雨量)和洪災損失間的統計關係,可有助於損失規模評估及災前資源預備。

    In recent years, extreme rainfall events have occurred frequently due to climate change. Moreover, the growth rate of the population has increased rapidly along with urban development. Taiwan lies on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean and is therefore a typhoon-prone area. Therefore, property losses caused by typhoon events are also increasing. Limited by budget for mitigation, it is a big issue to distribute budget effectively due to different loss of different land uses.
    This study uses the PHD model and the TLAS to simulate the property loss due to flood in different return period events. The study analyzes the relationship between property loss and different factors according to the results of TLAS. This study choses the Lanyang plain, as an illustrative sample of an area that which is an area experienced flooding in typhoon events. The Lanyang plain includes the Lanyang River watershed, the Dongshan River watershed, the Shincheng River watershed, and the Dezikuo River watershed. The study area is about 1,290 km^2.
    The results indicate that the Wujie Township, the Jhuangwei Township, and the Yilan City are accompanied with high property losses during typhoon events. The farm cropland is usually the worst flooded of one among all kinds of land uses. The trade loss is the highest although the flood area for trade is small. The relationship between rainfall factors and property loss is analyzed with regression equations. These can enable our result to serve a reference for better prevention and mitigation during actual typhoon events in the future.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III Table of Contents IV List of Figures VI List of Tables IX Notations X Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1-1 Motivation and Objectives 1 1-2 Literature Review 2 1-2-1 Inundation model 2 1-2-2 Assessment system for loss 4 1-3 Flow chart 7 1-4 Framework 8 Chapter 2 Methodology 9 2-1 Frequency analysis 9 2-1-1 Extreme value type I distribution 9 2-1-2 Normal distribution 9 2-1-3 Log-normal distribution 10 2-1-4 Pearson type III distribution 10 2-1-5 Log-Pearson type III distribution 11 2-2 Physiographic Drainage-Inundation Model 11 2-2-1 The Manning formula 13 2-2-2 The weir formula 13 2-3 Taiwan Typhoon Loss Assessment System 15 2-3-1 The aggregated geographical data 15 2-3-2 The loss modules 15 Chapter 3 Numerical simulation 19 3-1 Study area 19 3-1-1 Lanyang River watershed 21 3-1-2 Dongshan River watershed 22 3-1-3 Shincheng River watershed 23 3-1-4 Dezikuo River watershed 24 3-2 The simulation cells 25 3-3 The model verifications 31 Chapter 4 Results and Discussions 39 4-1 Results of rainfall analysis 39 4-2 Simulation of PHD model 41 4-3 Assessment of Taiwan Typhoon Loss Assessment System 56 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Suggestions 64 5-1 Conclusions 64 5-2 Suggestions 65 Reference 66

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