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研究生: 陳奕安
Chen, Yi-An
論文名稱: 季風期間土石流潛勢溪流集水區降雨特性分析-以宜蘭和高雄為例
Analyses of rainfall characteristics in the watersheds of debris-flow-prone torrents during monsoon periods:Case studies in Yilan and Kaohsiung Counties
指導教授: 詹錢登
Jan, Chyan-Deng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 自然災害減災及管理國際碩士學位學程
International Master Program on Natural Hazards Mitigation and Management
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 89
中文關鍵詞: 土石流潛勢溪流集水區雷達估計雨量季風風向雨量測站
外文關鍵詞: Debris-flow-prone torrent watershed, QPE, Monsoon, Wind direction, Rain-gauge station
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  • 目前土石流警戒發布主要以參考測站的雨量資料為依據,然而受限於單點雨量資料和大部分測站所在位置並不在集水區內,因此無法確實反映整個集水區的雨量分布情況。一年四季中,台灣在夏季受熱帶低壓的影響吹西南風,冬季受大陸冷氣團高壓的影響吹東北風,在季風期間的連續性大雨經常造成迎風面地區的災害發生。
    本研究選定高雄及宜蘭做為北部和南部迎風面代表地區。選取2010-2020年間季風降雨事件的雨量、風向、風速資料,進行測站間的累積雨量、最大時雨量、盛行風向、主要降雨方向和風速之比對分析,並選取3個土石流潛勢溪流集水區,將其參考雨量測站的雨量資料和雷達估計雨量資料進行比較,並分析風向和土石流潛勢溪流集水區雨量分布的關係。
    結果顯示地形對風向和累積雨量有著密切的關係,在警戒發布期間,宜縣DF099須注意北風和西北風所產生的降雨,宜縣DF057需注意東北風、東風和西風所產生的降雨,高市DF110需要注意北風、南風和西南風所產生的降雨。

    Currently, the release of debris flow warnings is mainly based on observed rainfall data from the reference station. However, due to the limitation of single-point rainfall data, and most of the reference stations are not located in catchment area, the observed rainfall cannot truly reflect the rainfall distribution of entire catchment area. All the year-round, Taiwan has been affecting by tropical depressions and continental cold air mass pressures, which cause southwesterly wind in summer and northeasterly wind in winter. The continuous heavy rain during monsoon period constantly causes disasters in the windward areas.
    In the present study, Kaohsiung City and Yilan County are selected as representative areas on the northern and southern windward sides. Rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed data are selected in monsoon rainfall events from 2010 to 2020, and accumulated rainfall, maximum intensity, prevailing wind direction, main rainfall direction, and wind speed among the stations are compared and analyzed, then, three debris-flow-prone torrent watersheds are selected to compare observed rainfall data and QPE, and analyze the relationship between rainfall distribution and wind direction in debris-flow-prone torrent watersheds.
    The results show that topography has a great influence on the wind direction and accumulated rainfall. During the warning period, Yilan County DF099 should pay attention on the rainfall caused by northerly and northwesterly winds, Yilan County DF057 should pay attention on the rainfall caused by northeasterly, easterly and westerly winds and Kaohsiung City DF110 should pay attention on the rainfall caused by northerly, southerly and southwesterly winds.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III Table of Content IV Lists of Figur VI Lists of Table X Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research motivation and purpose 1 1.2 Research framework 3 1.3 Literature review 4 Chapter 2 Research Data and Methods 6 2.1 Research material screening 6 2.1.1 Study area 12 2.1.2 QPESUMS 15 2.2 Methods 16 2.2.1 Define a rainfall period 16 2.2.2 QPE calculation method 17 Chapter 3 Result and Analysis 18 3.1 Analysis of rainfall difference 18 3.1.1 Accumulated rainfall 18 3.1.2 Maximum intensity 21 3.2 Correlation analysis of rainfall and wind direction 25 3.3 Correlation analysis of rainfall and wind speed 31 Chapter 4 Debris-flow-prone torrent watershed case study 36 4.1 Yilan County-DF099 36 4.2 Yilan County-DF057 45 4.3 Kaohsiung City-DF110 54 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Suggestions 67 5.1 Conclusion in Kaohsiung City 67 5.2 Conclusion in Yilan County 68 5.3 Suggestions 69 Reference 70 Appendix 75

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