隨著世界衛生組織(WHO)推動「活躍老化(Active Ageing)」理念，強調透過規律運動、社會參與與健康促進策略，改善高齡者的生活條件，並延緩老化帶來的健康風險，而物理環境也須能適應並支持高齡者進行身體活動。根據運動現況調查成果，我國高齡者多數以戶外活動為主要運動類型，顯示戶外運動場所對高齡者的友善程度以及促進與支持其進行身體活動的程度更顯重要，而如何衡量並判斷日常戶外物理環境是否能在友善的前提下達成促進運動的效果，逐漸成為高齡城市相關研究者所關注的課題。然而，綜觀我國現有研究多聚焦於打造高齡友善的整體環境，針對高齡友善的室內環境設計標準也已趨於成熟，較少針對戶外物理環境與「運動促進」功能進行實證評估，也少有納入高齡使用者的回饋進行驗證，尚有缺口待進一步研究探討。
因此，本研究綜整國內、外高齡運動促進物理環境因子文獻，以及對應個別因子之我國相關規範與既有研究成果做為評估依據，建立適用於台我國在地情境的運動促進物理環境評估檢核表，並以近年共融式與全齡式的標竿戶外活動空間──新北大都會公園為實證場域，採用客觀檢核與主觀問卷雙軌評估方法；考量高齡者選擇活動空間具近地性之特徵，在主觀檢核中針對居住於毗鄰堤防的六個里別，並擁有新北大都會公園使用經驗之65歲以上高齡者進行問卷調查，以了解高齡使用者之身體活動量以及對個別運動促進物理環境因子的主觀感受，據以驗證高齡者使用戶外空間之友善程度與運動促進效果。
分析結果顯示，多數高齡受訪者認為新北大都會公園為安全且能提升自覺健康的活動場域，顯示其具備支持且促進高齡者進行身體活動之基本友善條件。然而部分設施在符合客觀標準下，仍無法滿足高齡者實際需求，顯示現行標準應考量高齡者使用情境進行調整；同時，高齡者對部分項目具有高度重視但主觀評價偏低之情形也亟待改善；而對於評價偏低但重視程度亦低的項目，則可依場域特性與實際使用需求彈性調整。
本研究有助於補足我國在高齡友善為基礎的運動促進環境相關研究缺少的使用者感受資料，亦提供空間規劃者與政策制定者改善與提升環境品質之具體參考。未來可延伸至其他城市之都會公園或不同型態之戶外空間，以持續驗證並強化能支持與促進高齡者進行身體活動之設計策略與共同檢核標準，實踐活躍老化與全民健康的政策目標。

Promoted by the WHO's Active Ageing framework, creating environments that support physical activity among older adults has become a critical aspect of age-friendly urban planning. In Taiwan, where outdoor activities are the primary form of exercise for seniors, the quality and friendliness of outdoor environments significantly impact their physical activity levels. However, most local research focuses on indoor or general age-friendly designs, lacking empirical evaluation of outdoor spaces from the users’ perspective. This study develops a localized assessment checklist for exercise-promoting physical environments based on international literature, national standards, and field research. New Taipei Metropolitan Park—an inclusive, all-age recreational space—serves as the case study. Using a dual-method approach combining objective audits and subjective surveys targeting older adults aged 65 and above in nearby neighborhoods, the study evaluates the park's age-friendliness and effectiveness in promoting physical activity. The results indicate that while the park is generally perceived as safe and health-supportive, certain facilities fail to meet senior users’ actual needs despite complying with standards. The study highlights gaps between design criteria and user experience, emphasizing the need for more responsive planning. Findings offer valuable references for improving outdoor environments to support active ageing and public health.

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Zhang, Y., Koene, M., Chen, C., Wagenaar, C., & Reijneveld, S. a. (2024). Associations between the Built Environment and Physical Activity in Children, Adults and Older People: A Narrative Review of Reviews. Preventive Medicine, 180, 107856. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107856
二、書籍
Earl Babbie（2010）。社會科學研究方法（林秀雲等譯，初版一刷）。新加坡商聖智學習。（原出版年1975）。
Herzog, T.（1996）。社會科學研究方法與資料分析（朱柔若，譯)。揚智文化事業股份有限公司。（原出版年1996）。
Janet M. Ruane（2007）。研究方法概論（王曉修譯，初版一刷）。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。（原著出版於1975年）。
林惠玲、陳正倉。(2016)。現代統計學修訂版。雙葉書廊有限公司。
詹盛如、鄭瑞隆、李藹慈、洪志成、李奉儒、何粵東、蔡清田、王雅玄、陳玉樹、姜雅玲、廖俊儒、王順正、林玉瓊（2013）。社會科學研究方法新論（初版一刷）。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
Demographic Change and Healthy Ageing. (2007) Global age-friendly cities: A guide. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241547307
Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2015). Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences (No. 01; 10th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Sun, Y., Stessa Chao, T. Y., Au, D. W. H., Yung, E. H. K., & Woo, J. (2022). The age-friendly movement in an Asian context. In The Age-friendly Lens (pp. 89-104). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003038658-8
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. (2018). Active Ageing Index(AAI) in non-EU countries and at subnational level. United Nations Economic and Social Council. https://unece.org/DAM/pau/age/Active_Ageing_Index/AAI_Guidelines_final.pdf
World Health Organization. (2018). ACTIVE: a technical package for increasing physical activity. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241514804
World Health Organization. (2022). Global status report on physical activity 2022. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240059153
World Health Organization. (‎2002)‎. Active ageing : a policy framework. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/67215
三、技術與專案報告書
王順治（2012）。WHO高齡友善城市指標可及性之研究。（計畫編號：10160B001）〔補助〕。內政部建築研究所。https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=39021
吳可久（主持人）（2015）。廣場及開放空間通用化設計規範（計畫編號104301070000G0008）〔補助〕。內政部建築研究所。https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=8421556
教育部體育署（2023）。112年運動現況調查結案報告書。世新大學。取自
教育部體育署（2024）。113年運動現況調查結案報告書。世新大學。取自https://isports.sa.gov.tw/apps/Download.aspx?SYS=TIS&MENU_CD=M07&ITEM_CD=T01&MENU_PRG_CD=4&ITEM_PRG_CD=2
趙子元（主持人）（2013）。高齡友善城市無障礙公共空間規劃之研究（計畫編號102301070000G0008）〔補助〕。內政部建築研究所。https://www.grb.gov.tw/search/planDetail?id=2824822
蔡厚男（2010）。公園綠地系統規劃設計參考手冊。內政部國土管理署。https://www.nlma.gov.tw/uploads/files/0a2ea796c94e074a5b029e6531540eef.pdf
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. (2004). Request for applications: obesity and the built environment, RFA number: RFA-ES-04-003. Bethesda MD: NIH.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2018). 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee scientific report (Publication No. PAGAC-2018). https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2019-09/PAG_Advisory_Committee_Report.pdf
四、學位論文
王一勛（2024）。建構高齡友善都市公園評估準則之研究。碩士學位論文。國立政治大學地政學系碩士在職專班。
呂宜澤（2015）。建構臺灣高齡友善城市運動促進指標之研究。碩士學位論文。國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所。
許芳瀟（2013）。成人身體活動量、生活品質與安適幸福感間之關係。碩士學位論文。中原大學。
梁家銘（2014）。具結直腸癌家族史族群的身體活動狀態及其相關因子之探討。碩士學位論文。臺北醫學大學。
張方柔（2016）。建構高齡友善運動環境指標-以公園為例。碩士學位論文。國立成功大學體育健康與休閒研究所。
張喬安（2019）。高齡友善公園實質環境評估系統之建立。碩士學位論文。東海大學景觀研究所。
劉影梅（2004）。國際身體活動量表台灣中文版之發展與信效度驗證。博士學位論文。國立臺灣大學護理學研究所。
羅惠齡（2009）。中高齡者對公園設施使用需求及環境偏好之研究-以天母地區使用者為例。碩士學位論文。國立臺灣科技大學建築研究所。
Tsai, Y. J. (2015). The Association between Physical Activity and Cognitive Impairment in Taiwanese Elderly. [master's thesis, National Taiwan University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.10507
五、網路資料
內政部（2015，10月22日）。內政部主管活動場所無障礙設施設備設計標準。取自https://glrs.moi.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=GL000836
內政部（2019，7月1日）。建築物無障礙設施設計規範。取自https://glrs.moi.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=GL000734
內政部（2021年8月11日）。市區道路及附屬工程設計標準。取自https://glrs.moi.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=FL037831
內政部（2022年7月）。內政部工程施工查核作業檢核表。行政院。取自https://www.moi.gov.tw/News_Content.aspx?n=1436&sms=9785&s=197105
內政部（2024年9月12日）。市區道路及附屬工程設計規範。取自https://glrs.moi.gov.tw/LawContent.aspx?id=GL000806
全民運動組（2024年1月18日）。112年運動現況調查成果發表 規律運動促健康 生活快樂更有感。教育部體育署。取自https://www.sa.gov.tw/News/NewsDetail?Type=3&id=5704&n=92
國家發展委員會（2022）。人口推估查詢系統。取自https://pop-proj.ndc.gov.tw/
國立臺灣大學圖書館（2023）。準備寫論文了沒?認識學術引用格式與工具。取自https://www.lib.ntu.edu.tw/img/tulblog/HELP/HELP_20230323_citation_format.pdf
新北市政府高灘地工程管理處（2022）。網站導覽頁面截圖。新北大都會公園網站。https://www.hrcmntmp.ntpc.gov.tw/sitemap
新北市綠美化環境景觀處（2024）。老舊公園更新暨全齡化及特色、共融遊具設置。取自https://wedid.ntpc.gov.tw/governance/detail/4kdqlJgwvQje
經濟部水利署（2017，2月3日）。美麗水綠洲，陪你水過年。水利署電子報。https://epaper.wra.gov.tw/Article_Detail.aspx?s=3571&n=30177
臺南市政府衛生局（2023年1月11日）。高齡友善城市專區。臺南市政府衛生局。取自https://health.tainan.gov.tw/page.asp?mainid=CB07961D-8CD0-44F7-9F5A-51A228BCB0C9&srcorcaid=F0374AF6-EEF0-4D9B-AD82-FDC94E09F0D4
衛生福利部國民健康署（2021）。高齡友善城市—八大面向。取自https://www.hpa.gov.tw/Pages/List.aspx?nodeid=3869
World Health Organization. (2022, October 1). Ageing and health. Fact Sheets. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health