臺灣的漁港數目眾多，在管理資源有限的情況下，需要評估指標來引導適當管理決策的規劃與執行。本研究利用基礎生產限制的概念結合生態足跡計算方式建立評估指標，讓管理當局面臨漁港的永續發展的相關課題時，有所參考依據。
本研究以1999年至2008年沿近海漁獲物資料及水色衛星所得之基礎生產力資料為基礎，計算在此十年間臺灣沿近海漁業生態足跡，然後分別計算所選定具典型位置的四個漁港的生態足跡。藉由足跡計算結果分析臺灣沿近海漁業及各漁港的生態永續性，並提出管理建議。
分析結果顯示臺灣在此十年間平均漁業生態足跡為24,381 Km2，等同於利用沿近海作業海域(130,973 Km2)的18.6%基礎生產量，歷年足跡均高於全球海域漁業生態足跡平均值(8%，生態標竿)。整體變化呈現波動趨勢，表示政府歷年來的漁業管理措施並未能讓足跡逐漸減小。若透過分析各年度漁獲資料與其相對應食階之關係，則發現在長期過度捕撈利用的情況下，沿近海海域的海洋生態系可能已經發生改變，讓沿近海漁業資源的生態結構有弱化的現象。以2008年沿近海漁業生態足跡計算結果為基礎，則臺灣沿近海漁業漁船數須減少約49%，方可使生態赤字降為零。在所挑選的四個研究漁港中，南方澳、東港及新港屬於足跡不斷上升且均大於生態標竿的漁港，以生態永續的觀點，這些漁港對整體生態環境的影響較大，漁業管理上應該視為重點漁港優先考量。梧棲漁港漁業生態足跡最小且低於生態標竿，足跡有逐年下降的趨勢，以生態永續的觀點，梧棲漁港的足跡發展趨勢是永續的，但在臺灣沿近海漁業管理政策未能有效的降低足跡以減少整體漁業對於環境的衝擊的情況下，此時個別漁港漁業足跡的逐漸下降，可能原因來自於其作業海域的資源枯竭，造成漁業逐漸蕭條，經濟層面上無法永續發展。而這些漁港若要追求永續發展，除了仰賴管理當局努力復育海洋漁業資源外，對於這些漁港，管理單位應該思考是否加以轉型，朝向休閒、遊憩等非漁業功能發展。

There are plenty of fishing harbors in Taiwan but the management resources are limited. Therefore it’s necessary to develop an appropriate assess indicator to guide the planning and the implementation of management decisions. In this study, we use the concept of primary production constraints combined with ecological footprint calculations to establish evaluation indicators as a rapid assessment tool to help the authorities find a solution when they encounter problems regarding the sustainable development of fishing port.
A given catch of coastal fishery from 1999 to 2008 and the satellite-derived spatial estimates of net primary production (NPP) are used to calculate the ecological footprint of fishing. First, we calculated the ecological footprint of coastal fishery in this decade in Taiwan. After that we calculated the footprint of the four selected fishing harbors. According to the results, we then analyzed the coastal fishery and the ecological sustainability of each fishing harbor, and make management proposals.
In this decade, the average ecological footprint of fishery is 24,381 Km2, which is equivalent to 18.6% of net primary production (NPP) of the coastal operational waters (130,973 Km2). Historic footprints are higher than the average of global footprint of fishery (8%, ecological benchmark). The overall trend of change fluctuates, meaning that the government's fishery management measures over the decade did not reduce footprints gradually. By analyzing annual catches and their corresponding trophic level, we found out that on account of long-term overfishing, the coastal marine ecosystem may be changed and the ecological structure of fishery resources may weaken as well. According to the results of 2008 inshore and coastal fishery footprint calculation, the number of Taiwan coastal fishing vessels shall be reduced by about 49% in order to bring the ecological deficit level down to zero. In the selected fishing harbors, Nanfangao, Xingang and Donggang showed increasing fishing footprints and they had exceeded the ecological benchmark. From ecological concepts, these fishing harbors are more affective to ecological environment, therefore it should be taken into account priority in fisheries management. The fishing footprint of Wuchi fishing harbor, which declines annually, is the smallest and below the ecological benchmark. The trend of Wuchi fishing footprint is sustainable in the eco-sustainable perspective. While Taiwan's fishery management policies have failed to effectively reduce the footprint in order to lower the overall environmental impact on fishery, those harbors, footprints are decreased, because that the resources in its operational waters are depleted or the fishery are in gradual recession. In the economic-sustainable perspective, those harbors are actually unsustainable. If those fishing harbors intend to achieve a sustainable development, the authorities should restore fishery resources and take the transformation of the touristic and recreational purpose into consideration.

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