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研究生： 劉俊男
Liu, Chun-Nan
論文名稱： 數位控制切換式直流-直流轉換器之補償器研究及人機介面設計工具開發
Digital Compensator and its GUI design tool for Digitally controlled switching DC-DC Converters
指導教授： 蔡建泓
Tsai, Chien-Hung
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 116
中文關鍵詞： 數位補償器演算法 、直接數位設計法 、數位控制 、切換式電源供應 、降壓
外文關鍵詞： digital compensator algorithm, direct digital design, digital controller, switch-mode power supply, buck
相關次數： 點閱：94  下載：3 
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    • 本論文提出一個設計數位控制直流-直流轉換器之數位補償器設計演算法，
    並透過結合人機介面，可以快速完成數位直流-直流轉換器設計與驗證。此數位
    補償器設計演算法為基於直接數位設計法產生，可透過所需之閉迴路增益頻寬與
    相位欲度產生數位補償器。可透過調整演算法係數值，使在相同閉迴路所需之增
    益頻寬與相位欲度條件下，產生不同之數位補償器，以達到迴避輸出電壓產生極
    限震盪的一種情況發生。透過結合人機介面，可以節省設計數位直流-直流轉換
    器系統上所花費之時間，並可延伸至教學用途。

    This thesis presents a digital compensator design algorithm for digital controller
    DC-DC converter, and through a combination of Graphical User Interface(GUI),
    which can design digital controller DC-DC converter and verification fast. The digital
    compensator design algorithms is based on direct digital design, the algorithm can use
    the required closed-loop bandwidth and phase margin to produce digital compensation,
    and by adjusting the algorithm coefficients, so that in the same closed-loop bandwidth
    and phase margin require can produce different digital compensator to achieve the
    output voltage to avoid a Limit cycle oscillation occur. Through a combination of
    GUI, can save the time on designa digital DC - DC converter system, and can be
    extended to teaching.

    第一章 緒論 ............................................... 1 1.1 背景與動機 ............................................ 1 1.2 相關研究發展 ........................................... 3 1.2.1 切換式直流-直流轉換器功率級小訊號模型 .................... 3 1.2.2 補償器設計演算法 ...................................... 5 1.2.2.1 類比補償器設計演算法: Pole-zero cancellation ........ 5 1.2.2.2 Digital redesign ................................. 7 1.2.2.3 Direct digital design ............................ 8 1.3 目標與貢獻 ........................................... 10 1.4 論文架構簡介 .......................................... 12 第二章 數位控制切換式降壓型直流-直流轉換器簡介 .................. 13 2.1 切換式降壓型直流-直流轉換器基本原理 ....................... 13 2.1.1 連續導通操作模式 ..................................... 13 2.1.2 離散模型交流訊號分析 ................................. 16 2.2 數位控制直流-直流轉換器架構與原理 ........................ 18 2.2.1 A/D converter .................................... 18 2.2.2.1 常見之A/D converter 實現方式 ...................... 18 2.2.2.2-1 Flash A/D Converter ........................... 18 2.2.2.2-2 Window A/D Converter .......................... 19 2.2.2.2-3 Delay-Line A/D converter ...................... 20 2.2.2 數位補償器 ......................................... 22 2.2.3 常見之數位補償器架構 ................................. 24 2.2.3.1 乘法器架構數位補償器 ............................... 24 2.2.3.2 Programmable 乘法器架構數位補償器 .................. 25 2.2.3.3 Look-up-table 數位補償器 ......................... 26 2.2.4 Digital Pulse-Width Modulator (DPWM) ............. 27 2.2.4.1 常見之DPWM 實現方式 ............................... 27 2.2.4.2-1 Counter-Based DPWM ............................ 27 2.2.4.2-2 Delay line DPWM ............................... 28 2.2.4.2-3 Hybrid DPWM ................................... 32 2.2.5 系統LCO 分析 ....................................... 33 2.2.5.1 條件A1 .......................................... 33 2.2.5.2 條件A2 .......................................... 33 2.2.5.3 條件B1 .......................................... 34 2.2.5.4 條件B2 .......................................... 35 2.3 數位控制直流-直流轉換器系統實現方式及設計流程 ............... 35 第三章 數位補償器研究與設計 ................................. 39 3.1 類比補償器設計理論 ..................................... 39 3.1.1 Pole-zero cancellation ............................ 39 3.1.2 K-factor .......................................... 39 3.1.3 Erickson .......................................... 43 3.2 Digital redesign 設計方法 ............................ 47 3.2.1 Pole-zero matching ................................ 48 3.2.2 Bilinear .......................................... 49 3.2.3 Bilinear and prewarping ........................... 52 3.3 Direct Digital design ............................... 53 3.3.1 Frequency response ................................ 53 3.4 本論文數位補償器設計演算法 .............................. 54 3.4.1 概念與架構 ......................................... 54 3.4.2 Example .......................................... 59 3.5 數位控制器GUI 設計工具開發 .............................. 66 3.5.1 目標與應用 ......................................... 66 3.5.2 軟體功能介紹 ........................................ 67 3.5.3 使用流程 ........................................... 68 第四章 數位直流-直流轉換器FPGA 系統實作 ....................... 70 4.1 FPGA 驗證架構及系統規格 ................................ 70 4.2 FPGA 實驗平臺與量測設置介紹 ............................. 72 4.3 FPGA 系統實驗結果及比較 ................................ 78 4.3.1 Digital redesign & Direct digital design........... 79 4.3.2 Direct digital design ............................ 84 4.3.2.1 不同Ki .......................................... 84 4.3.2.2 不同Phase Margin 特性比........................... 90 4.3.2.3 不同Bandwidth 與Output Impedance 特性比較 ......... 94 4.3.2.4 數位補償器Bit 數之影響 ............................. 97 4.4 數位控制直流-直流轉換器頻域量測.......................... 105 第五章 結論與展望 ......................................... 111 5.1 總結與貢獻 .......................................... 111 參考文獻 ................................................ 113

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