本研究分析企業在3GPP中如何透過共識形成的基礎來提高制定技術規格書的表現。技術標準可謂是一個具備有效性的正當性物件，除了廣受社會大眾所接受與使用之外，亦是基於企業之間的共識而訂定的共通性規則與規範。這意味著企業即使是在一個非契約且無權威體制的後設組織之中，只要取得共識，依然能夠持續創造出具備有效性的正當性物件。過去後設組織的理論指出我們應該採用制度化的觀點，才能真正理解與分析企業間協作的形成與表現。然而，這樣的理論基礎難以解釋企業為何能夠持續提出新的標準制定提案。企業提出的標準制定提案除了本身具有正當性之外，更重要的是要受到其它企業的認可才能成為具備有效性的正當性物件。而且，標準制定組織是一個無正式契約關係的後設組織，不存在階層式的正式權威。因此，我們可以透過觀察企業在標準制定組織中如何進行協作，以理解企業如何與其它企業建立共識進而創造具備有效性的正當性物件。本研究結果發現，企業個體與企業團體在後設組織協作網絡之中的核心度越高，就越容易讓企業個體在未來提出更多具備有效性的正當性物件。綜上所述，本研究主要有三點理論貢獻。第一:傳統的制度化理論認為企業模仿其他企業的行為或者策略將可以獲取正當性，但是企業亦可以分別透過有效性的操作與共識的操作來追求正當性。故，本研究提出:在一個無權威且非契約關係的協作活動中，企業間共識的中間層級是由不同企業的適當性信念的微觀層級所組合而成。企業可以透過連結其它企業個體的微觀層級至共識的中間層級，藉此和其它企業在創造正當性物件的時候產生差異性。換言之，除了權威之外，共識亦能夠促使正當性的形成。本研究的第二個理論貢獻是: 本研究採用核心與周邊網絡結構來描述企業如何連結其它企業個體的微觀層級至共識的中間層級，並且證明了在協作網絡中處於核心位置的企業能夠持續地創造具備有效性的正當性物件。此外，本研究的核心與周邊網絡模型說明了:通常，在網絡結構中屬於較為核心的活動者擁有較高的地位信念，也就會讓周邊活動者更大程度地接受核心活動者所創造出來的正當性物件。最後:本研究證明了在標準制定組織中，核心企業建立起的共識能夠讓該企業持續提出技術制定提案。

My research analyzes how companies in 3GPP can improve their performance in developing technical specifications through the basis of consensus formation. It is found that the higher the coreness of enterprise individuals and enterprise groups in the meta-organization collaboration network, the easier it is for enterprise individuals to propose more valid and legitimate objects in the future. In summary, there are three main theoretical contributions in this study. First, I proposes that in an authoritative and non-contractual collaborative activity, an intermediate level of consensus among firms is composed of micro-levels of appropriateness beliefs of different firms. Enterprises can make differences from other enterprises in creating legitimate objects by connecting the micro-level of other enterprises to the meso-level of consensus. In other words, in addition to authority, consensus can also promote the formation of legitimacy. The second theoretical contribution of this study is: I uses the core and peripheral network structure to describe how a firm connects the micro-level of other firm individuals to the meso-level of consensus, and proves that firms in the coreness position of collaborative networks can consistently create valid and legitimate objects. Last but not least, within a standards-setting organization, the consensus established by a core enterprise enables the enterprise to continue to make proposals for technical development.
Keyword: Standard-setting organization, the institutional theory, legitimacy, network centrality

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