| 研究生: |
陳博彥 Chen, Po-yen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
微細銅導線放電結球特性與打線接合強度要因探討 Study of EFO Characteristics and Factors Affecting Thermosonic Bond Reliability for Fine Copper Wire |
| 指導教授: |
陳立輝
Chen, Li-Hui 呂傳盛 Lui, Truan-sheng |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系 Department of Materials Science and Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2008 |
| 畢業學年度: | 96 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 64 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 銅線 、打線接合 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | copper Wire, Wire Bonding |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:161 下載:3 |
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相對於金線,銅線應用於打線接合上的優勢除了低成本之外,還有優良的導電性及導熱性,但是易氧化及延展性不佳的問題,限制了銅線在實際應用上的發展性。本研究的研究對象以20μm的純度4N的銅線材為主,考慮到相關文獻研究的線徑多在25μm以上,因此先將線徑25、23、20μm的深抽銅線材以相同條件線上熱處理,再進行放電結球,發現在溫度510℃、時間0.4秒的熱處理條件下,結球熱影響區的長度並不受線徑參數的影響。
對於線徑固定為20μm的銅線材,熱處理溫度提高至610℃,時間則縮短為0.02秒;本研究將有熱處理及無熱處理的線材分別放電結球,比較熱處理及結球前後的組織及機械性質差異。整體來說,熱處理令硬線的延伸率上昇、硬度下降,組織亦從長條狀的深抽組織轉變為等軸晶的型態;放電結球在硬線及軟線的頸部均造成晶粒粗大化的現象,而硬線的熱影響區範圍明顯大於軟線;就機械性質來說,結球造成硬線的強度變差,軟線的延伸率下降,但使用610℃/0.02秒及510℃/0.4秒兩種熱處理條件的線材,結球後的的機械性質並無明顯差別。
確認過熱處理確實能提升銅線材的延伸率後,本研究針對20μm的線上退火線材,分析其打線接合於表面濺鍍鋁膜的石英玻璃後之組織變化,發現結球內仍殘留有EFO產生的凝固柱狀晶,並且到處可發現較細小的晶粒組織;而當膜厚在76~800nm的範圍內變化時,所測得的接合拉力強度亦有變動的情形。此外,本研究發現,銅線在EFO熔融時的氧化行為,導致結球內部樹枝狀組織的出現,而可能對於接合的強度產生影響。
Traditionally, gold is the preferred material to connect IC chips to lead frames or the bond pads by a thermosonic process. The inherent properties, such as higher electrical and thermal conductivity, of copper as well as its cost effectiveness, when compared to gold, have made it a preferred alternative. But the shortcoming for copper bond arises from the stand point of oxidation and the lower ductility, which might cause poor bondability.
This thesis reports investigation of EFO (electric flame-off) characteristics of continually annealed copper wire with different diameters, it has been reported that the wire size has no effects on the properties of the HAZ (heat affected zone) when the wire diameter ranges from 20 to 25μm.
On the next part, the effects of annealing and EFO process on the 20μm copper wire have been simultaneously studied. On the whole, the annealing process improves the ductility of the wire, while EFO weakens the strength of as-drawn samples, and lowers the elongation of annealed ones. And it is worth noting that the HAZ dimensions of wires with two different annealing conditions (610℃/0.02sec and 510℃/0.4sec) are quite identical.
In this study, the 20μm-diameter copper wire are bonded to aluminum film, which has been deposited onto quartz-glass substrates, by a thermosonic process. It is discovered that the pull strength of bonded samples are varied with the film thickness, which ranges from 76 to 800nm. On the other hand, the oxidized balls are also found to form bonds with the substrates, and the structures in the balls are mainly dendrite, which could cause the lower bondability.
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