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| 研究生： |
林宜君 Lin, Yi-Jyun |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
運用循環經濟模式以管理廢棄藥物之研究 A Study on Managing the Unused Drugs with the Circular Economy Model |
| 指導教授： |
陳澤生
Chen, Tse-Sheng |
| 共同指導: |
黃悅民
Huang, Yueh-Min |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
工學院 - 工程管理碩士在職專班 Engineering Management Graduate Program |
| 論文出版年： | 2021 |
| 畢業學年度： | 109 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 95 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 循環經濟 、廢棄藥物 、藥品重新分配 、史塔克堡模型 、回收藥局 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | Circular Economy (CE), Unused Drug, Redispensing Medicines, Stackelberg Model, Green Pharmacy |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：213 下載：0 |
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台灣健保制度讓國民享有品質優良且價廉的醫療照護。同時也因為就醫便利，導致重複就醫、多處領藥之狀況，造成民眾家中存有大量未使用藥物，廢棄藥物若沒有經過妥善處理，會造成水體與土壤汙染，影響人體健康與產生公共衛生問題。在此同時，卻有部分癌症患者因健保給付限制，無法負擔高額藥價只能被迫中斷療程，或因為等待審查而錯過治療時機。
為了維持醫療保健體系也進行環境污染防治，本研究在循環經濟模式下，建立廢棄藥物回收再分配系統。選用賽局理論之史塔克堡模型作為發展基礎，探討當政府做為系統的領導者，責任業者與廢棄藥物回收藥局是系統追隨者；追隨者在得知領導者（政府）公佈的預付回收金與廢棄藥物回收補助價格後，各自做出可最大化自身利益之決策，最後領導者（政府）依據追隨者所回應之最適銷售價格、最適生產數量與最適回收數量，提出可以達到社會福利最大化的徵收費率與補貼金額。
透過敏感度分析與本研究數據案例，得知政府可以藉由稅收抑制責任業者在不考慮社會外部性成本下無限制生產的狀況；責任業者改變非必要之大尺寸包裝，避免生產銷售數量多於患者實際需求量，就可以從源頭進行管理，減少產品生命週期後端廢棄藥物之產生。當循環經濟概念落實在生活中，民眾認同讓物質保留在系統中最大程度使用，就會願意自主回收不再使用之藥物，且使用期間妥善存放家中藥物，可以降低回收藥局處理成本，提高可再利用藥物的比例，使廢棄藥物之逆物流運行更加流暢。如此不僅可以避免廢棄藥物流入環境，造成政府必須投入高額整治成本，更可以造福有需求卻無力負擔現有價格之患者。
Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) system allows citizens to enjoy high-quality and inexpensive medical care, however, the convenience of medical treatment has led to repeated medical treatments and multiple drug collections resulting in a large quantity of the dispensed unused drugs. Ultimately, the excess drugs will find its way and contaminate water and soil, impacting human and public health. Due to wasting the drug resources, it will influence some special patients, for example, cancer patients who cannot afford the high drug prices are possibly forced to interrupt the course of treatment, or miss the opportunity of treatment owing to waiting for further review by NHI. To improve/maintain the NHI and prevent/control environmental pollution, the proposed research evaluates a recycling and redistribution system for excess/unused medicines under a circular economy model. The Stackelberg model was used as the basis for development, where the government is designated as the LEADER of the system, while the drug manufacturer and the drug recycling pharmacy are the FOLLOWERS. In this model, the FOLLOWERS are learning about the prepayment, recovery fees and subsidy price of waste drug recovery announced by the LEADER. Each entity will then make decisions to maximize their own interests. Finally, the LEADER proposes that it can achieve social welfare based on the most suitable sales price, the most suitable production quantity and the most suitable recycling quantity responded by the FOLLOWERS. The ultimate goal is to redispense unused medications whereby increasing the overall revenue of the pharmacy, avoid the consumption of NHI resources, and provide benefit to patients who cannot afford specialized drugs. This is the significance of promoting drug reuse.
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