| 研究生: |
李惟義 Li, Wei-Yi |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
以維護觀點探討集合住宅給排水管路配設空間之研究 The Study on Space Requirement of Plumbing Piping in Dwelling Houses |
| 指導教授: |
賴榮平
Lai, Rong-Ping |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系 Department of Architecture |
| 論文出版年: | 2003 |
| 畢業學年度: | 91 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 191 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 給排水 、管路 、維護 、空間 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Plumbing, Space, Maintenance, Pipe |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:81 下載:5 |
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集合住宅給排水管路究竟要佔據多少建築空間,一直沒有明確的規範與答案,管路的配設牽涉到管路系統的設計與給排水機能正常化所需的維護,若因維護空間不足或不當而無法維護,往往縮短了給排水設備的壽命,甚至會影響建築軀體的壽命,同時也降低給排水之品質。因此本研究以集合住宅為對象,先行以維護觀點探討給排水管路要給予什麼樣的空間才能確保其品質。
本研究蒐集江哲銘等人對於集合住宅管道間的研究成果並配合現況調查,以了解管路維護工作內容及所遭遇問題。再將管路維護工作分成「檢查診斷」、「保養」、「修繕」三個層級,分別以「管路修繕模擬」及「人體工學尺寸」探討維護行為所需之空間,並定出各層級所需的空間量。同時,本研究挑選一新建國宅進行模擬,並計算出它在現有配管設計下所必需的空間,以確認本研究所建議之空間量是否適當。
本研究獲得以下三項結論:
(1)歸納給排水管路維護的現況問題:主要問題為(a)埋設管路不能維護更新(b)管路可以維護但欠缺足夠的維護空間,例如管道間面積或管道間開口大小不足(c)管路位於不易維護的空間,例如排水立管底部容易漏水卻常位於天花板內或挑高空間(d)未於管路適當位置設置有助維護的設備,例如排水橫主管未設油脂截留器,排水立管底部附近未設清潔口,流理台及浴缸的單槍龍頭未設維護用止水閥等等。
(2)提出能增進給排水管路維護性的建議:(a)管路空間:針對管道間設置時機、管道間開口大小、配管間距、管道間開口所面對空間、管道間底部面對空間等提出具體建議(b)給水管路相關設備空間:就水槽、水泵、水栓維護空間大小及止水閥設置位置提出建議(c)排水管路相關設備空間:建議污水槽、廢水槽、油脂截留器等維護空間量,並整理出有助維護的排水口型式、馬桶安裝方式、存水彎型式、清潔口設置位置等建議。
(3)以案例來討論增進管路維護性的方法:檢討某國宅給排水管路維護性不足之處,並提出具體改善方案,同時計算出此案例在符合維護要求的前提下,給排水管路的垂直管道間面積為標準層面積的1.6%。
There is no absolute answer to how much plumping piping space is needed in dwelling houses. Piping arrangement is related to the plumping system and the maintenance of plumping facilities. If the space of maintenance is insufficient or inadequate, the plumping facilities and the building structure might break down easily. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to study the proper space of dwelling piping in the premise that the maintenance requirements are met.
By means of literature review and survey on present situation, the study discusses the content of the work of piping maintenance and the problems it faces. The work of maintenance is divided into three levels: “Diagnosing”, “Keeping”, and “Repairing”; each of them are explored to get further understanding of maintenance space according to both ergonomic and simulation of pipe repair. The study aims at providing suggestions for piping maintenance space. To ensure the suggestions are applicable in dwelling houses, the study chooses a new-built apartment to examine the possibility of improvement.
Three conclusions have been reached in the study:
(1) The explanation of the existing problems for plumbing piping: (a) Most pipes are buried in the concrete structure and can’t be maintained. (b) Some pipes can be maintained but without sufficient maintenance space. For examples, the plumbing shaft area is insufficient and the openings of shaft are too small. (c) The pipes are located in the space which is hard to maintain. For examples, the leaking in the bottom of the vertical drainage pipes is hard to maintain because the pipes are inside the ceilings or over higher space. (d) There are no facilities for maintenance on the pipes. For examples, there are no grease separators in the main horizontal drainage pipes and no clean-outs near the bottoms of the vertical drainage pipes, and there are no valves on the pipes before faucets of bathtubs or kitchen sinks.
(2) The suggestions for the improvement on piping maintenance: The recommendations are grouped into three parts: (a) the plumping piping space: it suggests about when the piping shafts are needed, the distance between pipes, and the proper space that the bottom and the openings of shaft facing. (b) the facilities space concerning water-supply piping: here, it delivers suggestions about the space needed by the maintenance of water tanks, pumps, and valves. (c) the facilities space concerning drainage piping: the study offers suggestions for the maintenance space of draining tanks and grease separators. It also points out tips on the design of toilets setting, clean-outs locations and traps forms.
(3) The study of a case on the proposals to improve the plumping maintenance: Based on the suggestions above, the examination was done to check the insufficiency of the plumping maintenance in the subject new-built apartment, and practical proposals for improvement are provided as well. In the premise that the case meets the maintenance requirements, the plumbing shaft area is counted 1.6% of the typical floor area.
一、中文文獻
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C03 雷昭子,〈住宅使用說明書具體化實施之研究〉,台南:成功大學建築研究所碩士論文,1994
C04 江哲銘等,《集合住宅管線系統調查與設置準則》,台北:內政部建築研究所,1995
C05 周家鵬,《集合住宅系統化工法技術性規範分析整理—設備水電部分》,台北:內政部建築研究所,1995
C06 蕭江碧,《集合住宅自動化之整合》,台北:內政部建築研究所,1995
C07 張圭廷,〈公寓大廈建築設備管理規約之研究〉,台南:成功大學建築研究所碩士論文,1996
C08 賴榮平,《公寓大廈共用部分設施管理維護手冊之研訂》,台北:內政部建築研究所,1996
C09 陳志宏,〈建築給水設備與水質變動關係之研究〉,台北:台灣科技大學工程技術研究所,1998
C10 江南震,〈住宅建築給水配管的劣化診斷與使用壽命之研究〉,台北:台灣科技大學工程技術研究所,1999
C11 林信呈,〈台灣住宅整建行為模式之初探〉,台北:台灣科技大學工程技術研究所,1999
C12 王明蘅編,〈開放建築論文選輯〉,台北:中華民國建築學會,2000
C13 蕭大年,〈台北市住戶整建消費行為模式之研究〉,台北:台灣科技大學工程技術研究所,2000
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二、日文文獻
J01 井手俊郎,〈給湯、給水設備及給排水衛生設備21世記發展可能性〉,《日本給排水設備研究季刊》,日本,1997
J02 臼井政夫,〈通氣閥排水性能診斷手法す研究〉,《日本建築學會大會學術演梗概集》,日本,日本建築學會,2001
J03 真鍋孝次,〈省スペ-ス排水開發〉,《日本建築學會大會學術演梗概集》,日本,日本建築學會,2001