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研究生: 賴威甫
Lai, Wei-Fu
論文名稱: 太陽能模組換流器之研製
Design and Implementation of Photovoltaic Module Inverter
指導教授: 梁從主
Liang, Tsorng-Ju
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 73
中文關鍵詞: 光伏系統換流器數位控制
外文關鍵詞: Photovoltaic, Inverter, Digital controller
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  • 本論文內容為研製一太陽能模組換流器。此系統包括具最大功率追蹤功能之直流-直流高昇壓比轉換器及全橋換流器,將直流電壓經轉換成為弦波電源。本論文首先討論直流-直流高昇壓比轉換器的電路操作原理與穩態特性分析,並利用數位控制器TMS320LF2407A實現系統啟動判斷、異常狀態偵測、最大功率追蹤與孤島運轉偵測等功能,最後實作200W系統,輸入電壓範圍為 20 ~ 40 V,輸出電壓為 220 Vrms,由實驗結果得整體系統最高效率為 86.24 %。

    A photovoltaic module inverter is designed and implemented in this thesis. The module inverter structure includes a high step-up DC-DC converter and a full bridge inverter. The module inverter transfers DC voltage into sinusoid voltage wave. The operating principles and the steady-state analysis of continuous conduction modes of the high step-up converter are discussed. The DSP controller TMS320LF2407A is used to achieve the system starting check, abnormal state detection, maximum power point tracking, and islanding detection. Finally, a prototype circuit with input range from 20 V to 40 V and 220 Vrms/200 W output is implemented. The highest efficiency of the overall system is 86.24%.

    摘 要 I Abstract II 誌 謝 III 目 錄 IV 圖 目 錄 VII 表 目 錄 X 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機與背景 1 1.2 研究內容與目的 2 1.3 論文架構簡介 5 第二章 太陽能光伏轉換系統 6 2.1 系統規劃 6 2.2 太陽能電池發電原理與特性 9 2.2.1 太陽能電池發電原理 9 2.2.2 太陽能電池特性 10 2.3 最大功率追蹤方式介紹 14 2.3.1 實際量測法 14 2.3.2 電壓回授法 15 2.3.3 功率回授法 15 2.3.4 擾動觀察法 17 2.3.5 增量電導法 18 2.3.6 三點權位比較法 19 2.4 孤島運轉偵測方式介紹 20 2.4.1 被動式偵測法 21 2.4.1.1 欠/過電壓、頻率偵測 21 2.4.1.2 頻率變化率偵測 22 2.4.1.3 電壓諧波偵測 23 2.4.2 主動式偵測法 24 2.4.2.1 頻率偏移法 24 2.4.2.2 Sandia頻率偏移法 25 2.4.2.3 滑動式頻率偏移法 26 第三章 系統電路架構與控制方式 27 3.1 系統基本架構與功能 27 3.2 直流-直流高昇壓比轉換器動作原理介紹 28 3.2.1 連續導通模式之動作原理及穩態分析 30 3.2.2 邊界導通條件(Boundary conduction condition)分析 36 3.3 全橋換流器控制原理介紹 37 第四章 系統軟硬體規劃、製作與實驗結果 41 4.1 電路系統規格 41 4.2 耦合電感設計 42 4.3 控制電路與周邊硬體規劃 42 4.3.1 數位訊號處理器介紹 42 4.3.2 電壓回授電路 43 4.3.3 電流回授電路 44 4.3.4 零點偵測電路 45 4.4 軟體規劃 46 4.4.1 啟動判斷副程式 46 4.4.2 異常偵測副程式 48 4.4.3 最大功率追蹤副程式 49 4.4.4 孤島運轉偵測副程式 51 4.5 實作結果與討論 52 4.5.1 直流高昇壓轉換器電路波形 55 4.5.2 全橋換流器電路波形 57 4.5.3 最大功率追蹤實驗波形 59 4.5.4 孤島運轉偵測實驗波形 61 4.5.5 系統效率曲線 66 第五章 結論與未來展望 67 5.1 結論 67 5.2 未來展望 67 參考文獻 69

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