隨著國際化競爭機制的考驗下，機場民營化逐漸受到關注，多數行政體制經營事業，已經不再具有昔日之優勢，為增加桃園國際機場經營之自主性，以提高與鄰國主要競爭力，因此，桃園國際機場將進行國營公司化變革，期盼透過變革改善組織績效。

組織變革對績效之影響，以及內部員工的變革之認知及知覺，與員工權益保障問題是最受矚目的焦點之一。本研究藉由蒐集文獻，提出整合性的研究架構為「組織變革」、「工作滿意」、「組織承諾」與「組織績效」等四項構面。並於2010年8月進行第一階段問卷普查方式，以桃園航空站內部406位員工為研究對象，透過因素分析、結構方程式，以驗證本研究所提出之六項假設。然桃園機場公司化甫四年，為瞭解組織變革後員工心聲，於2014年12月進行第二階段專家深度訪談，對現況及研究結果進行歸納與驗證。

研究結果顯示，整體員工認為公司化前，優先改善項目依序為:（1）薪資結構（2）福利措施（3）績效評估制度(考績)（4）組織結構（5）領導方式；而六項假設結果為H1:組織變革對工作滿意有「正向」影響關係、H2:組織變革對組織績效有「正向」影響、H3：組織變革對組織承諾有「正向」影響、H4:工作滿意對組織承諾有「正向」影響、H6:組織承諾對組織績效有「正向」影響，惟H5:工作滿意對組織績效無顯著正向影響，然據中介效果驗證，可知「組織承諾」為「工作滿意」影響「組織績效」完全中介效果；最後，透過專家深度訪談結果，得知「升遷制度」為工作滿意對組織績效之干擾變數。

綜整分析結果，本研究提出具體實務與理論上的相關建議及後續研究之方向，供業管當局及後續研究作為參考。

Under the challenge of international competition mechanism, the airport privatization draws attention gradually, and most government-owned and operated businesses do not have advantages as before. In order to increase the operation initiatives of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and improve the major competitiveness over the neighboring countries, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport will conduct change of state-owned company, expecting to improve the organizational performance through the central management in the company.

Taoyuan International Airport is the first corporatized airport in Taiwan. Through literature collection, The purpose of this study is to construct a model to examine “Organizational Change”, “Job Satisfaction”, “Organizational Commitment” and “Organizational Performance”. Taking 406 employees of Taiwan Taoyuan Air Station as the study subjects, the study performed the comprehensive questionnaire survey of the first stage in August, 2010. The factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) are used to validate six hypotheses proposed in this study. However, it has been four years since Taiwan Taoyuan Airport was corporatized. In order to learn the staff opinions after the organizational change, summarize and validate the results, it conducted in-depth expert interview of the second stage in December, 2014.

The results of hypotheses show that the five paths of H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5 show significantly positive influence, while H5: “Job Satisfaction” does not show significant influence on the “organizational performance”. The mediating effect is validated based on above results. It indicates the organizational commitment has complete mediating effect between job satisfaction and organizational performance. Finally, according to the results of in-depth expert interview, it can be learned that the “promotion system” is the interference variable between job satisfaction and organizational performance. At last, it proposes the practical and theoretical connotations, as well as the follow-up study directions in details, which can provide reference for the subsequent study and airport management unit.

參考文獻-中文
1. 方志民，「管理學：整合觀點與創新思維」，台北市：前程企管管理，2005年。
2. 林震岩，「多變量分析：SPSS的操作與應用」，台北市：智盛文化，2007年。
3. 王淑麗，「組織變革銀行員工工作認知與工作滿足之相關研究」，國立彰化師範大學工業教育與技術研究所碩士論文，2007年。
4. 吳秉恩，「組織行為學」，台北市：華泰書局，1993年。
5. 吳雅婷，「國內線機場營運發展策略探討」，國立成功大學交通管理研究所碩士論文，2009年。
6. 吳萬益，「中美日在台公司企業文化與管理風格之關西研究」，成功大學學報，第二十九卷，人文社會篇，頁63-90，1994年。
7. 吳明隆，「結構方程式：SIMPLIS的應用」，台北市：五南圖書出版公司，2009年。
8. 吳明隆，「SPSS統計應用學習實務:問卷分析與應用統計」，三版，台北市：易習圖書，2013年。
9. 吳萬益，「企業研究方法」，台北市：華泰書局，2008年。
10.吳復新、許道然、蔡秀涓，「人力資源發展」，台北市：國立空中大學，2011年。
11.林文政，「發現企業關鍵人才｣，台北市:人才資本雜誌，第5期，頁6－7，2006年。
12.邱皓政，「結構方程式：LISREL/SIMPLIS原理與應用」，三版，台北市：雙葉書廊有限公司，2011年。
13.張有恆，「大眾運輸系統之設計與營運管理(下冊)」，台北市：黎明文化事業股份有限公司，1990年。
14.張紹勳，「研究方法」，台中市：滄海書局，2002年。
15.張紹勳，「研究方法(修訂版)」，台中市：滄海書局，2003年。
16.許士軍，「管理學」，台北市：東華書局，1995年。
17.陳順宇，「多變量分析」，四版，台北市：華泰書局，2005年。
18.陳義勝，「組織行為」，台北市：華泰書局，1993年。
19.游明敏，「航空噪音管制及投入擁擠對機場經營績效影響之研究」，國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所博士論文，2001年。
20.詹中原，「民營化政策-公共行政理論與實務之分析」，台北市：五南圖書出版公司，1993年。
21.詹中原，「國改研究報告：組織變革與組織因應之道」，台北市：財團法人國家政策研究基金會，2006年。
22.詹中原，「變革管理組織的成功密碼」，台北市：國立中正紀念堂管理處，2007年。
23.榮泰生，「AMOS與研究方法」，四版，台北市：五南圖書出版股份有限公司，2011年。
24.桃園國際機場股份有限公司，「臺灣桃園國際機場公司年報」，桃園縣：桃園國際機場股份有限公司，2010至2014年。

參考文獻-英文
1.Angle, H.L., Perry, J.L., 1981. “An empirical assessment of organizational commitment and organizational effectiveness,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.26(1), pp.1-14.
2.Allen, N.J., Meyer, J.P., 1990. “The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization,” Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol.63(1), pp.1-18.
3.Ashford, S.J., 1988.“Individual strategies for coping with stress during organizational transitions,”,Journal of Applied Behavioral Science.Vol. 24(1), pp.19-36.
4.Barros, C.P., Dieke, P.U.C., 2007. “Performance evaluation of Italian airports: A data envelopment analysis,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.13(4), pp.184-191.
5.Bazargan, M., Vasigh, B., 2003. “Size versus efficiency: A case study of US commercial airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.9(3), pp.187-193.
6.Becker, H.S., 1960. “Notes on the concept of commitment,” The American Journal of Sociology,Vol.66(1), pp.32-40.
7.Bentler, P.M., Bonett, D.G., 1980. “Signification tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures,” Psychological Bulletin,Vol.88(3), pp588-606.
8.Blau, G.J., Boal, K.B., 1987. “Conceptualizing how job involvement and organizational commitment affect turnover,” Academy of Management Review, Vol.12(2), pp.288-300.
9.Bogozzi, R.P., Miniard, P.W., 1988. “On the evaluation of structural equation models,”Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.16(1), pp.74-94.
10.Buchanan, B., 1974. “Building organizational commitment: The socialization of managers in work organization,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.19(4), pp.533-546.
11.Burke, W.E., Litwin, G.H., 1992. “A casual model of organizational performance and change,” Journal of Management,Vol.18(3), pp.523-545.
12.Button, K., 2005. “A simple analysis of the rent seeking of airlines, airports and politicians,” Transport Policy, Vol.12(1), pp.47-56.
13.Chen, Z.X., Francesco, A.M., 2003.“The relationship between the three component of commitment and employee performance in China,”Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol.62(3), pp.465-489.
14.Cheng,Y., Stockdal, M.S., 2003.“The validity of the three-component model of organizational commitment in a Chinese context,”Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol.62(3), pp.465-489.
15.Cherrington, D.J., Reitz, H.J, Scott, W.E, 1971. “Effect of contingent and non-contingentreward on the relationship between job satisfaction and task performance,”Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.55(6), pp.531-536.
16.Choi, F.D.S., Mueller, G.G., 1992. International Accounting, 2th Edition. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.
17.Churchill, G.A., 1999.Marketing Research: Methodological Foundations, 7th Edition. Dryden Press, New York.
18.Crawford, J., Lok P., 1999. “The relationship between commitment and organizational culture, subculture, leadership style and job satisfaction in organizational change and development, ”Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol.20(7), pp.365-374.
19.Cuieford, J.P., 1965. Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education, 4th Edition. McGraw Hill, New York.
20.Cunha, R.C., Cooper, C.L., 2002. “Does privatization affect corporate culture and employee wellbeing?,” Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol.17(1), pp.21-49.
21.Dawley, D.D., Stephens, R.D., Stephens, D.B., 2005. “Dimensionality of organizational commitment involunteer workers: Chamber of commerce board members and role fulfillment, ” Journal of Vocational Behavior,” Vol.67(3), pp.511–525.
22.Dessler, G., 1980. Human Behavior Improving Performance at Work. Reston, Virginia.
23.Dienhart, J.R., Gregoire, M.B., 1993, “Job satisfaction, job involvement, job security, andcustomer focus of quick-service restaurant employees, ” Hospitality Research Journal, Vol.16(2), pp. 29-44.
24.Dirania, K.M., Kuchinkeb, K.P., 2011. “Job satisfaction and organizational commitment: validating the Arabic satisfaction and commitment questionnaire (ASCQ), testing the correlations, and investigating the effects of demographic variables in the Lebanese banking sector,”The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol.22( 5), pp.1180-1202.
25.Doganis, R., Graham, A., 1987. Airport Management: The Role of Performance Indicators, Transport Studies Group, London.
26.Dyer, L., Reeves, T., 1995. “Human resource strategies and firm performance: What do we know and where do we need to go?,” The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol.6(3), pp.656-670.
27.Ferris K.R, Aranya, N., 1983. “A comparison of two organizational commitment scales,” Personnel Psychology, Vol.36(1), pp.87-99.
28.Fielding, G.J., Glauthier, R.E., Lave, C.A., 1978. “Performance indicators for transit management,” Transportation, Vol.7(4), pp.365-379.
29.Franko, L.G., 1989. “Global corporate competition: Who’s winning, who’ losing, and the R&D factor as one reason why, ”Strategic Management Journal, Vol.10(5), pp.449-474.
30.Russ, F.A., McNeilly, K.N., 1995. “Links among satisfaction, commitment, and turnover intentions: The moderating effect of experience, gender, and performance,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.34(1), pp.57-65.
31.Galeana, O.A.R., 2008. “The privatisation of Mexican airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.14(6), pp.320-323.
32.Gerber, P., 2002. “Success factors for the privatisation of airports-an airline perspective,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.8(1), pp.29-36.
33.Goll, I., Tucci, L.A., Sambharya, R.B., 2001. “Top management team composition, corporate ideology, and firm performance,”Management International Review, Vol.41(2), pp.109-129.
34.Graham, A., 2008. Managing Airports: An International Perspective, 3th Edition, Butterworth Heinemann, USA.
35.Hair, J.F., Black,W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., Tatham, R.L., 2006. Multivar Data Analysis, Pearson Education,New Jersey.
36.Hammer, M., Champy, J., 1993. Re-engineering Corporation, Hapers Collins, New York.
37.Hackman, J.R., Oldman, G.R., 1975. “Development of the job diagnostic survey,” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 60(2), pp.159-170.
38.Hammer, M., Champy, J., 2006. Reengineering the Corporation:A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Collins Business, New York.
39.Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J.W.J., 1994. Management, 5th Edition. Addison-Wesley, USA.
40.Hoppock, R., 1935. Job Satisfaction, Harper and Brother. New York.
41.Hooper, P.G., Hensher, D.A., 1997. “Measuring total factor productivity of airports-an index number approach,” Transportation Research Part E, Vol.33(4), pp.249-259.
42.Hooper, P., Cain, R., White, S., 2000. “The privatisation of australia’s airports,” Transportation Research Part E, Vol.36(3), pp.181-204.
43.Hrebiniak, L.G., Alutto J.A., 1972. “Personal and role-rated factors in the development of organizational commitment,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.17(4), pp.555-573.
44.Hui, C., Lee, C., 2000. “Moderating effects of organization-based self-esteem on organizational uncertainty: Employee response relationships,”Journal of Management, Vol.26(2), pp.215-232.
45.Jaramillo, F., Mulki, J.P, Marshall, G.W., 2005. “A meta-analysis of the relationship between organizational commitment and salesperson job performance:25 years of research,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.58(6), pp.705-714.
46.Jaros, S.J., Jermier, J.M., Koehler, J.W., Sincich,T., 1993. “Effects of continuance, affective, and moral commitment on the withdrawal process: An evaluation of eight structural equation models,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol.36(5), pp.951-995.
47.Jaros, S.J., 1997.“An assessment of Meyer and Allen’s three-component model of organizational commitment and turnover intentions,”Joiunal of Vocational Behavior,Vol.51, pp.319-337.
48.Kalleberg, A.L., 1977. “Work value and job reward: A theory of job satisfaction,” American Sociological Review, Vol.42(1), pp.124-143.
49.Kanter, R.M., 1968. “Commitment and social organization: A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities,”American Sociological Review,Vol.33(4), pp.499-517.
50.Kassem, D.M., 1987. “Human resource planning and organizational performance: An exploratory analysis,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.8(1), pp.387-392.
51.Knudsen, H.K., Johnson, J.A., Martin, J.K., Roman, P.M., 2003. “Downsizing survival: The experience of work and organizational commitment,” Sociological Inquiry, Vol.73(2), pp.265-283.
52.Kolder, T., 1986. “The two difference concepts privatization,” Public Administration Review, Vol.46(4), pp.285-291.
53.Lawer, E.E., Porter, D.W., 1967. “The effect of performance on satisfaction,”Industrial Relations, Vol.7, pp.7.
54.Leavitt, H.J., 1964. Applied Organization Change in Industrial:Structural ,Technological and Approaches, In New Perspectives in OrgatuzationReserarch, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
55.Lewin, K.,1947. Frontiers in Group Dynamics: Concept, Method, and Reality in 181 Social Science. Human Relations.
56.Lipovich, G.A., 2008. “The privatization of argentine airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.14(1), pp.8-15.
57.Lok, P., Crawford, J., 2004. “The effect of organizational culture and leadership style on job satisfaction and organizational commitment: A cross-national comparison,” The Journal of Management Development, Vol.23(4), pp.321-338.
58.Lynne H., Meyer, J.P., 2002. “Commitment to organizational change:extension of a three-component model,”Journal of Applied Psychology,Vol.87(3), pp.474–487.
59.Martin, J.C., Roman, C., 2001. “An application of DEA to measure the efficiency of Spanish airports prior to privatization,”Journal of Air Transportation Management,Vol.7(3), pp.149-157.
60.Meyer, R.C., Schoorman, F.D., 1992. “Predicting participation and production outcomes through a two-dimensional model of organizational commitment,” Academy of Management Journal,Vol.35(3), pp.671-684.
61.Miller, L., Crabtree, F., 1992. “Overview of qualitative research methods in Crabtree,” B. F. and Miller, W. L., Doing Qualitative Research., pp.3-28. London: Sage.
62.Morris, J.H., Sherman, J.D., 1981. “Generalizability of an organization commitment model,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol.24(3), pp.512-516.
63.Morrison, W.G., 2009. “Real estate, factory outlets and bricks: A note on non-aeronautical activities at commercial airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.15(3), p p.112-115.
64.Mosher, F.C., 1967. Governmental Reorganization: Case and Commentary. The Bobbs-Merrill Company, New York.
65.Motowidlo, S.J., 1984.“Does job satisfaction lead to consideration and personal sensitivity?,” Academy of Management Journal. Vol.27(4), pp.910-915.
66.Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W., Steers, R.,1982. Organizational linkages: The
psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover, San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
67. Nebeker, D., Busso, L., Werenfels, P.D., Diallo, H., Czebajewski, A., Ferdman, B., 2001. “Airline station performance as a function of employee satisfaction,” Journal of Quality Management, Vol.6(1), pp. 29-45.
68.Niehoff, B.P., Moorman, R.H., Blakely, G., Fuller, J., 2001. “The influence of empowerment on employee loyalty in a downsizing environment,”Group and Organization Management, Vol.26(1), pp.93-113.
69.Nunnally, J.C., 1965. Psychometric Theory,McGraw Hill, New York.
70.O’Reilly C., 1989. “Corporations, culture, and commitment: Motivation andsocial control in organizations,” Management Human Resources, Vol.31(4), pp.11-25.
71.Oum, T.H., Adler, N., Yu, C., 2006. “Privatization, corporatization, ownership forms and their effects on the performance of the world’s major airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.12(3), pp.109-121.
72.Penley, L.E., Gould, S., 1988. “Etzioni’s model of organizational involvement: A perpective for understanding commitment to organizations,” Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.9(1), pp.43-59.
73.Petty, M.M., McGee, G.W., Cavender, J.W., 1984. “A meta-analysis of the relationships between individual job satisfaction and individual performance,” Academy of Management Review, Vol.9(4), pp.712-721.
74.Porter, L.W., Lawler, E.E., 1968. “What job attitudes tell about motivation?,” Harvard Business Review,Vol.46(1), pp.118-126.
75.Porter, L.W., Steer, R.M., Mowday, R.T., Boulian, P.V., 1974. “Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians,” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.59(5), pp.603-609.
76.Randall, D.M., 1987. “Commitment and the organization: the organization man revisited,”Academy of Management Review, Vol.12(3), pp.460-471.
77.Robbins, S.P., 1995. Organization Theory: Structure Design, and Application, 5th Edition. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
78.Robbins, S. P., 1996. Organizational behavior: Concepts, controversies, and applications, 7th Edition. Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
79.Sarkis, J., 2000.“An analysis of the operational efficiency of major airports in the united states, ”Journal of Operations Management,Vol.18, pp.335-351.
80.Seashore, S.E., Tabor, T.D., 1975. “Job satisfaction and their correlation,” American Behavior and Scientist,Vol.18, pp.346-356.
81.Sheldon, M.E., 1971. “Investments and involvements as mechanisms producing commitment to organization,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.16(8), pp.143-155.
82.Smith, P.C., Kendell, L.M., Hulin, C.L., 1969. Measurement of Satisfication in Work and Retirement. Rand Mcnally, Chicago.
83.Stevens, J.M., Beyer, J.M., Trice, H.M., 1978. “Assessing personal, role, and organizational predictors of managerial commitment,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol.21(3), pp.380-396.
84.Subramanian, A., Nilakanta, S., 1996.“Organizational innovativeness: Exploring the relationship between organizational determinants of innovation, types of innovations, and measures of organizational performance,” Omega, Vol.24(6), pp.631-647.
85.Szilagyi, A.D., Wallance, M.J.,1981. Management and Performance, Scoot Foresman and Co, New Jersey.
86.Venkatraman, N., Ramanujam, V., 1986. “Measurement of business performance in strategy research: A comparison of approaches,” Academy of Management Review ,Vol.11(4), pp.801-814.
87.Vickers, J., Yarrow, G., 1991. “Economic perspectives on privatization,” Journal of Economic Perspective, Vol.5(2), pp.111-132.
88.Vroom, V.H., 1964.Work and Motivation, Jossey-Bass, New York.
89.Webber, R. A., 1979. Management: Basic Elements of Managing Organization, Homewood Illinois, Irwin.
90.Weiss, D.J., Dawis, R.V., England, G.W., Lofgquist, L.H., 1967. Manual For the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire Minnesota Studies in Vocational Rehabilitation: 22, Manual for the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, Vocational Psychology Research, University of Minnesota.
91.Weiss, H.M., 2002. “Deconstructing job satisfaction separating evaluations:beliefs and affective experiences,” Human Resource Management Review, Vol.12(2), pp.173-194.
92.Yang, X., Tok, S.K., Su, F., 2008. “The privatization and commercialization of China’s airports,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.14(5), pp.243-251.
93.Yousef, D. 2000, “Organizational commitment as a mediator of the relationship between Islamic work ethic and attitudes toward organizational change,” Human Relations, Vol.53(4), pp.513-537.
94.Yu, M.M., 2004. “Measuring physical efficiency of domestic airports in Taiwan with undesirable outputs and environmental factors,” Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.10(5), pp.295-303. 

參考文獻-網頁
1.桃園國際機場股份有限公司，
http://www.taoyuan-airport.com/company_ch，擷取日期:2015年1月14日。
2.Airport Council International(ACI)，
http://www.aci-asiapac.aero/，擷取日期:2015年1月14日。