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研究生: 黃柏元
Huang, Bo-Yuan
論文名稱: 考量預先擺置模塊且能感知繞線擁擠之電源網路規劃法
A Routability-Aware Powerplanning Methodology Considering Pre-placed Blocks
指導教授: 林家民
Lin, Jai-Ming
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 53
中文關鍵詞: 電源網路規劃可繞度電壓衰退線性規劃演算法
外文關鍵詞: Powerplanning, Routability, IR-drop, Linear programming
相關次數: 點閱:124下載:11
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  • 電源網路規劃在實體電路設計中成為越來越重要的議題,隨著製程的進步,在晶片裡的電路元件數量快速增加及連線複雜度大幅提升,會導致功率消耗更加嚴重及繞線困難增加。由於設計不良的電源網路會為了滿足IR-drop限制與解決EM效應問題而浪費較多的繞線資源,另一方面隨著現代設計的複雜化,晶片設計中的預先擺置模塊數量大為增加,傳統用單一長度的垂直線段進行線段擺置的方式將使得設計彈性降低從而導致區域較為嚴重的繞線擁擠。因此,本論文提出一個電源網路規劃的流程,其主要分為二個部分,第一部分考量預先擺置模塊切割繞線區域並應用線性規劃方法來計算電源線段所需的適當面積以滿足每個子區域的IR-drop限制條件。在第二部分,我們提出動態規劃演算法調整電源線段的位置。實驗結果證明本論文的方法不僅可以符合電壓衰退條件,更可以藉由節省電源線段面積以及考慮預先擺置模塊進行電源線段擺置以提升繞線階段的可繞度。

    Powerplanning is a critical step in the physical design, and the result has a fatal impact on the quality of a design. A classical P/G network focuses on reducing routing areas to satisfy voltage drop and electromigration constraints, and a regular power mesh is adopted in a chip. As a modern design contains more and more macros, powerplanning becomes more complex, and a regular power mesh would waste more routing resource and may make routing congestion more severe in local regions. In order to save routing resource and increase routability, this paper proposes a delicate method to perform powerplanning. First, according to the locations of macros, we construct a row-based power mesh to facilitate connection of these macros and increase routability. Besides, we also find an effective power stripe width which can reduce wastage of routing resource and reduce voltage drop of a design. Third, a more precise cost is used to determine locations of power stripes in a region based on the dynamic programming algorithm. The experimental results show that our methodology can significantly improve routability in a design with several macros.

    摘要 i 誌謝 vi 目錄 vii 表目錄 x 圖目錄 xi 第一章 簡介 1 1.1電源網路拓樸的演變與結構 2 1.1.1 電源環與模塊環 4 1.1.2 電源線段 4 1.1.3 電源軌道 4 1.2相關文獻探討 5 1.3動機 6 1.4研究貢獻 8 1.5論文架構 9 第二章 相關研究回顧 11 2.1最小化繞線面積線性規劃方法 12 2.1.1轉換線性規劃問題 16 2.1.2電源網路面積優化演算法 16 2.2高效能線寬求法 18 2.2.1非冗餘線寬 18 2.2.2高效能線寬 20 2.3基於繞線擁擠度之動態規劃演算法 22 第三章 電源網路設計方法 24 3.1 電源網路設計流程概述 24 3.2根據預先擺置模塊位置切割與合併子區域 27 3.3線性規劃決定子區域總線寬 30 3.3.1全新電源網路模型 30 3.3.2仿射縮放算法 31 3.3.3線性規劃演算法 33 3.4 繞線擁擠度的修正 35 3.4.1子區域內部繞線擁擠度計算 37 3.5 以動態規劃擺放子區域電源線段 39 第四章 實驗結果 40 4.1有無切割子區域的可繞度與電壓衰退比較 41 4.2比較規則擺置電源線段方法 42 4.3與不同電源線段擺置流程[1]比較 43 第五章 結論 50 第六章 參考文獻 51

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