本研究基於深化與探索學習的理論框架，將既有網絡資源進一步分類為深化性和探索性網絡資源。本研究重點在於區分網絡資源分別來自於聯盟網絡及協會網絡，並探討傳統企業如何利用這些網絡資源來建立與新、舊市場類別相關的策略聯盟，例如燃油技術聯盟及電動車技術聯盟。特別是，過去的學者強調網絡資源來自企業間的聯盟合作，而本研究則揭示了企業參與技術協會所獲得的網絡資源。它在促進企業形成新市場類別的聯盟中扮演著決定性角色，對於傳統企業而言更是掌握新市場技術的關鍵。

本研究以多類別羅吉斯迴歸模型進行量化分析，分析結果證實了這些技術協會在企業形成新舊市場類別的策略聯盟時所發揮的重要影響。本研究發現，相較於來自聯盟網絡的「深化性網絡資源」，來自協會網絡的「探索性網絡資源」顯著促進了企業在新市場類別中的聯盟形成。這有別於過去的研究僅考慮來自聯盟網絡來進行探討。總結來說，本研究強調在新市場類別中，比起深化性網絡資源，傳統企業應更加重視探索性網絡資源，並建議傳統企業積極參與技術協會以提升其在新市場類別的適應能力和競爭力。

Based on the theoretical framework of exploitative and exploratory learning, this study categorized existing network resources into exploitative and exploratory network resources. It focuses on classifying network resources originating from alliance and consortia networks, and examining how incumbents leverage these network resources to form strategic alliances in the new and old market categories, such as gasoline vehicle R&D alliances and electric vehicle R&D alliances. While previous scholars emphasized network resources originated from alliance networks, this study reveals that network resources originated from firms’ participation in technical consortia networks. These network resources play a critical role in alliance formation in a new market category, which is crucial for incumbents in developing new technologies.

This study conducts a quantitative analysis using a multinomial logistic regression model. The results confirm the significant influence of these technical consortia in the alliance formation for the new market category. The study finds that, compared to the "exploitative network resources" from alliance networks, the "exploratory network resources" from consortia networks significantly promote the formation of alliances in the new market category. This finding contrasts with previous research that only considered that network resources originated from alliance networks. In summary, this study emphasizes that in the new market category, incumbents should prioritize exploratory network resources over exploitative network resources and recommends that incumbents actively participate in technical consortia to enhance their adaptability and competitiveness in new markets.

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