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研究生: 陳宥銘
Chen, You-Ming
論文名稱: 非同質化代幣交易平台使用者體驗之信任感再設計:以OpenSea散戶投資人為觀點
Redesigning The Sense Of Trust In User Experience On NFTs Trading Platform: The Perspective Of Individual Investors On OpenSea.
指導教授: 仲曉玲
Chung, Hsiao-Ling
共同指導教授: 楊佳翰
Yang, Chia-Han
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所
Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 129
中文關鍵詞: 使用者經驗平台設計非同質化代幣加密貨幣信任度
外文關鍵詞: User experience, Platform design, Non-fungible tokens, Cryptocurrency, Trust, User interface
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  • 數位金融的發展伴隨著區塊鏈的出現,在加密貨幣市場中,這一兩年來發展快速的NFT (Non-Fungible Tokens) 市場,其技術為將數位檔案運用區塊鏈的程式,鑄造成非同質化代幣,用程式碼紀錄其交易紀錄(包括圖片、影片、3D模型等、遊戲道具),進而發展出交易平台並進行交易。使用者經驗與介面設計是在數位產品設計中非常重要的元素,隨著加密貨幣市場的發展,軟體服務以使用者為中心,提升用戶對平台的使用者體驗的重要性可說是水漲船高,許多文獻指出”信任”是金融相關的平台最需要的使用者體驗,但卻很少從設計角度切入的質性研究。NFT市場僅有五年的歷史,在充滿在高風險、伴隨高波動且高投機性的NFT市場中,對投資市場資訊不足的散戶投資者更顯得無所適從。
    本研究以使用者經驗中的信任感為核心,藉由相關文獻探討整理出的信任元素做為研究架構,針對以現有最大的NFT二手交易平台Opensea做用戶體驗再設計。於網路發放問卷後,了解NFT市場輪廓,將問卷結果分為三個族群,從中篩選出目標族群:散戶投資人,並進行訪談與Opensea平台的操作測試,建立各自的人物誌與顧客旅程圖,了解他們在NFT二手市場交易時影響信任度的痛點。以介面設計軟體Figma設計原型並邀請原受訪者再進行一次用戶測試,最後以散戶投資者們的測試回饋為主,以專家意見為輔提出設計迭代的策略。
    研究後發現,在三種用戶族群中,新手族群最需要的是警示/教學頁面/NFT賦能的展示,交易者最需要明確的資訊展示/頁面設計,收藏家族群則需要大比例的圖片/NFT項目方的資訊,並發現交易者族群對介面的改動最為敏感。也額外發現文獻中未提到的”介面間距與色彩改動”也會影響信任感,除此之外,改進UI/UX效率與增加風險與警示也是互相矛盾的元素。針對介面的信任感研究仍需考慮平台利益、資安與NFT項目方的品質。原型測試的結果整理出一款NFT平台的迭代設計建議,也揭示了文獻不足的部分,並根據原有架構提出更適合NFT市場的信任元素,給未來想開發加密市場相關平台服務的團隊或研究者做為參考。

    User experience (UX) and user interface (UI) design are crucial factors in online platform design. Work has been carried out in both academia and industry for more than twenty years on establishing an appropriate framework for their development. In the context of the study of UX and the evolution of platform design, developments in digital finance have been accompanied by the emergence of blockchain technology. Consequently, various platform services have appeared on the cryptocurrency market, among which the Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market has been growing quickly in the past two years. Its mode of operation consists of using blockchain technology to convert a digital file (including pictures, videos, 3D models, and game props) into NFTs, using identification codes to prove the ownership of the digital assets, and developing a trading platform through which to conduct transactions. From the perspective of UX design, the growth of digital finance underscores the importance of enhancing the trust that users have in such trading platforms.
    By reviewing the relevant literature, I have discovered many studies on the subject of trust, most of which conducted quantitative research. No relevant research has yet been done from the perspective of UX. Since NFT platforms have only a short 5-year history and they operate in a highly-volatile, risky market, individual investors who have no experience with NFT marketplaces are at a loss.
    This study divides the components of the UX that have been linked to the concept of trust in the literature into four major UX categories. These trust-related elements are then used to develop a framework for conducting UX research and UI redesign, with a focus on OpenSea, the largest NFT trading platform on the secondary marketplace. The data collection started with the distribution of questionnaires in an attempt to gain an understanding of the NFT market and build profiles of the users of NFT platforms. Individual respondents were then selected to represent each user profile to undergo interviews. Finally, the operation of the OpenSea platform was assessed to understand the pain points that affect user trust when investors are engaged in trading on this platform. t
    The study found that among the three groups, it was found that the novice group needed the most warnings/teaching pages/NFT-enabled displays, the trader group needed clear information displays/page designs, and the collector group needed large-scale images/NFT project side information. I found that the trader community is most sensitive to the changes in the interface. It is also found some elements also affect trust, they are "interface spacing and color changes", and that improving UI/UX efficiency and increasing risk and warning are contradictory elements, which are not mentioned in the literature. The study related to trust in the interface still needs to consider platform benefits, information security, and the nature of the NFT market. The results of the prototype testing compiled an iterative design proposal for the NFT platform, and also reveal the inadequate parts of the literature, trust can still be further adjusted to three major elements based on the NFT market, which could become a reference for future teams or researchers who want to develop platform services related to the crypto market

    摘要 i Abstract ii Lists OF Figures iv Lists OF TABLES vii TABLE OF CONTENTS viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.1.1 The Gap in User Experience due to the Develop of Cryptofinance 1 1.1.2 The Fever of Non-Fungible Tokens 2 1.2 Research Motivation 6 1.2.1 Trust as an Academic Motivation 6 1.2.2 Individual investors as a Personal Motivation 7 1.3 Research Objectives and Questions 7 1.4 Terminology 8 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 Trustworthy UX for Start-up Platforms 10 2.1.1 The UX Honeycomb 10 2.1.2 Trust, Reliability, and Credibility 13 2.1.3 Trust in UX: The Four Credibility Factors 14 2.1.4 How Trust Framework Transforms to NFTs market 16 2.2 Platform Design 17 2.2.1 History of Platforms: From E-commerce to NFT Trading Platforms 18 2.2.2 woodedTwosided Market: Using Trust to Build a Network Effect Between Buyers and Providers 19 2.3 An Overview of the Cryptocurrency Market 21 2.3.1 Fintech Development: From Blockchain to NFT 21 2.3.2 Ownership Trading? NFT Secondary Market Trading Framework and Stakeholders 25 2.3.3 Individual Investors’ Influence on the NFT Market 28 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODS 31 3.1 Research Design 31 3.2 Research Structure 32 3.3 User Data Collection Process 33 3.4 Layers of UX 34 3.5 Pyramid of Trust 36 3.6 Research Methods 39 3.6.1 Questionnaire 39 3.6.2 Semi-Structuredructured Interview 40 3.6.3 Think Aloud 40 3.6.4 Service Design Tools 40 3.6.5 UI/UX Design Process 43 3.7 Figma for Prototyping 43 CHAPTER 4 USER RESEARCH ON the NFTS PLATFORM 45 4.1 Case Study of the NFT Platform: OpenSea 45 4.1.1 NFTs Trading Process 46 4.1.2 Findings of Case Study: A trading limited platform 50 4.2 User Study from NFT traders 51 4.2.1 Source of Questionnaire & Questionnaire Structure 52 4.2.2 Questionnaire Analysis 53 4.2.3 Users Clusters Profile 57 4.2.4 Interview & OpenSea testing 59 4.3 User Research Data & Demands Converge 61 4.3.1 Cluster 1: Curious Mr.K 62 4.3.2 Cluster 2: Information Anxiety Mr.Y 64 4.3.3 Cluster 3: Sensual Ms.W 66 4.3.4 Insight: Paint Points & Demands 69 CHAPTER 5 TRUSTWORTHY UX FOR OPENSEA USERS 72 5.1 Prototyping with Trust as the Foundation 74 5.1.1 Set the Priority of Functions and Information for Users 74 5.1.2 Helping Users Identify the Value of an NFT 82 5.1.3 Helping Users Identify Risks 86 5.1.4 Improved Usability of Interface 88 5.2 User Testing and Analysis 91 5.2.1 Prototype Testing by Platform Users 91 5.2.2 The Different Trust Issues Between Different Personas 93 5.3 Design Strategy for Future NFT Platform 98 5.3.1 Design Iteration from Testing Feedback 98 5.3.2 Developing Directions for Future NFT Platforms 100 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 102 6.1 Research Contribution 102 6.1.1 The Trust Elements for Individual NFT Investors 103 6.1.2 NFT Individual Investor Clusters and Their Behavior 104 6.1.3 The UX Design for a Trustworthy NFT Platform 105 6.2 Research Limitations and Future Studies 109 6.2.1 Limitations 109 6.2.2 Future Research 110 REFERENCE 112 Appendix A: Questionnaire result 119 Appendix B: The Link to prototype 129

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