本研究主要利用“飛航安全裕度”理論，結合自動控制理論，來探討實際民航飛行中，航機由正常飛行，到發生事故所呈現的控制失穩現象。從系統觀點來看，飛航組員可視為整個飛航控制系統其中的一環，航機的飛行狀態，是飛航組員與飛機系統，相互合作的結果。如果飛機系統的反應，與飛航組員的控制意圖不調和，或甚至相互衝突，即產生人機耦合(aircraft-pilot coupling)問題，容易造成意外甚至空難。從系統穩定性的觀點來看，航空事故是一種人機系統失控，與飛航狀態發散的現象。飛航安全裕度理論，可以將複雜的飛航狀態，初步整合成一個量化指標，來表達飛航安全性的變化，以利探討人機系統之表現。本研究分析包含正常航班與事故航班，針對飛航安全裕度的變動進行研究，呈現出各個航班之人機系統，在操作安全上的穩定性，並討論事故航班之控制失穩現象。在系統訊號處理上，分別使用了快速傅利葉轉換( Fast Fourier Transform )，與希爾伯特－黃轉換( Hilbert Huang Transform )兩種方法，執行訊號之時域頻域轉換。現階段的結果顯示，自動控制理論中之增益值，及增益跨越頻率，有可能做為未來飛航安全評估中，判斷人機系統是否已經開始進入不穩定狀態的依據。未來若能透過更多實例的驗證，證實本研究的正確性，將能提供飛航安全之基本工程分析能力。

The objective of this research is to combine the theory of ‘Flight Safety Margin’ with control systems. This research is aimed at treating the phenomenon of aircraft losing control. From a systematic viewpoint, crew members constitute a part of the whole flight control system. The well performance of aircraft is due to the crew members and the flight control system cooperates mutually. In other words, when flight control system’s reaction is not accord with crew members’ mind, aircraft-pilot coupling problem which creates the accident easily becomes a serious trouble. Air accident is a kind of appearance of aircraft-pilot system losing control and divergent flight situation. From safety margin theory, complicated flight situation can be integrated into one quantitative index that conveys change of flight safety. With analyzing safety margin in control system theory approach, we can discuss the stability and safety of aircraft-pilot system in each flight. In this research, Fast Fourier Transform and Hilbert Huang Transform are two methods which be used to handle signal processing problem. It is found that the Gain Values and Crossover Frequencies can be treated as indexes which estimate the stability and safety of aircraft-pilot system.

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