本論文為了改善到達時間差無線定位系統的解析度，首先利用到達時間差無線定位原理實現了一個互動式多媒體的觸控裝置來驗證準確度;然後以互補式金屬氧化物半導體製程，設計應用於訊號到達時間差無線定位系統之射頻晶片，包含金氏碼產生器晶片、基於差動開關的無線發射器前端電路晶片、以及內嵌監視解調器之高可測性發射機前端電路晶片，以提供到達時間差無線定位系統更寬的定位距離與更高準確度。本論文所研製之低成本、高成功率的互動式多媒體觸控裝置，提供了九成以上成功率以及平均定位誤差為八公分。基於所提出的架構，我們可以了解訊號到達時間差無線定位系統的動作原理;並且為了提供無線定位系統更精確的定位效果，本論文設計了3-Gb/s高速金氏碼產生器，其主要核心電路包括高速電流模式邏輯正反器，以及由差動開關組成之多輸入互斥或閘。此外，基於差動開關之20-GHz發射機前端電路，包括了分相電路、差動開關電路及低相位雜訊的電壓控製振盪器等，利用差動開關對低相位雜訊振盪器的輸出信號做適當的切換，可以將振盪信號倍頻，而讓訊號可以達到工作所需之頻率又保有低相位雜訊的優勢；接著，再透過差動開關的切換，又可以達到相位調變的功能，如此構成完整的無線發射機之前端電路。另外，本論文也設計了內建監視解調器的發射機前端電路晶片，除了利用差動開關對壓控振盪器所產生的高頻載波信號分別做升頻切換與相位調變切換外，也在輸出端加上一組差動開關對調變訊號解調，不但可以提供系統測試時解調變訊號以供除錯之用，未來還可以使用在無線定位發射機的監控方面，同時，本晶片也提供了3-GHz以上的調變頻寬與很高的隔離度。

The dissertation aims to investigate methods for the improvement of accuracy of time difference of arrival (TDOA)-based wireless positioning systems. First, an interactive multi-media system is implemented to verify that the TDOA-based localization algorithm is valid even in a sonic system. The implemented sonic tracking system provides users with the capability of interacting with a large-scale display. The distinctive features of the proposed approach are cost effective and high successful rate. The tracking system yields a success rate that is better than 90 percent in localization. Although the average error is about 8 cm, the TDOA algorithm is proven to be useful for the wireless location applications. Then, some differential switches-based Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) Radio-Frequency Integrated-Circuit chips (RFICs) are designed to improve the resolution of the resulting TDOA-based wireless positioning system. The developed RFICs include a high-speed Gold code generator, a transmitter front-end, and a transmitter front-end with embedded monitoring demodulator. The proposed Gold sequence core achieves 3-Gb/s full-rate by using high speed CML (current mode logic) flip-flops and n­input XOR gates with differential switches to reduce the delay time of the XOR gate feedback. Under the working rate of 3-G/s, the proposed chip offers not only a wider positioning range but also a higher accuracy. The proposed 20-GHz transmitter front-end achieves a part of transmitter function by using an RC phase splitter, a sub-harmonic voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with pumping technique, and two differential switches for the purposes of the phase modulator and frequency doubler. In addition, a transmitter front-end circuit with an embedded monitoring demodulator is implemented. It achieves 3-GHz modulation bandwidth and high port-to-port isolation by using two differential switches for the purposes of phase modulator and frequency doulber, and a differential switch applied to confirm baseband data signal correctness as monitoring demodulator for localization applications.

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