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研究生: 謝宗閔
Hsieh, Tung-Min
論文名稱: 使用微機電系統技術進行微小型聚合酵素連鎖反應系統之研製
The Implementation of Micro-PCR Systems Using MEMS Techniques
指導教授: 李國賓
Lee, Gwo-Bin
羅錦興
Luo, Ching-Hsing
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 74
中文關鍵詞: 類神經網路溫度控制系統聚合酵素連鎖反應生物晶片微機電系統
外文關鍵詞: temperature control system, PCR, bio-chip, MEMS, Neural networks
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  • 本研究採用微機電系統技術(Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System)以研發微小型的加熱器與溫度感測器,以應用於微小型PCR系統中,並成功地設計出一可搭配微製程晶片的溫度控制系統,以便實際應用於DNA的複製與檢測上。

    在微型PCR晶片部分,本研究改良單一加熱器及單一溫度感測器的結構,並根據類神經網路的理論,採多輸入多輸出的結構來改良反應區溫度的均勻性。在周邊電路部分,運用類神經網路的控制架構進行量測訊號的處理,並運用脈波寬度調變的方式控制加熱器的功率輸出,以期改善在PCR的參數循環中溫度的準確及穩定性。

    最後,本研究成功地將微型DNA複製晶片與周邊的控制系統整合,藉由不同控制方式的比較選擇出較佳的控制方式,以完成實際PCR反應。最後以平板膠電泳實驗證實本系統的實用性。藉由此研究的成果,相信對未來控制晶片與生物晶片的系統整合上,具有相當大的貢獻。

    The purpose of this study is to develop micro temperature sensors and heaters, which are combined with a suitable control circuit to be used in micro PCR (polymerase chain reaction) system, based on MEMS (Micro-electro-mechanical system) technologies. The integrated system including the PCR chip by MEMS and the control circuit applies for amplification and detection of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

    In the micro PCR chip, improved is the uniformity of temperature in common structure of one sensor and one heater by MIMO (multi-input and multi-output) structure according to NNs (Neural networks) theory. In the control circuit, input signal is processed by NNs control structure, and the heating efficiency of heaters is controlled by PWM (pulse width modulation). By the way, largely improved is accuracy and stability of the temperature control in the micro PCR system.

    Finally, by comparing with different control methods and parameters, we can choose the suitable way to complete the PCR experiment by this integrated system. By traditional slab gel electrophoresis, the system’s effectiveness is proof. The outcome of this study could have a substantial impact on the integrated system of combining bio-chip and control circuit.

    中文摘要…………………………………………………………i Abstract…………………………………………………………ii 致謝………………………………………………………………iii 目錄………………………………………………………………v 表目錄……………………………………………………………viii 圖目錄……………………………………………………………x 第一章 緒論…………………………………………… ………1 1-1 前言……………………………………………………1 1-2 研究動機與目的………………………………………2 1-3 研究方法………………………………………………2 1-4 文獻回顧………………………………………………4 1-5 本文架構………………………………………………8 第二章 DNA複製與溫度控制基本理論…………………………9 2-1 DNA的結構與特性…………………………………………9 2-2 聚合酵素連鎖反應……………………………… ………9 2-3 PCR儀器化設計可能方案…………………………………13 2-4 微小型溫度元件控制基礎原理………………… ………14 2-5 溫度控制基礎原理………………………………… ……17 第三章 儀器與溫控元件製作…………………………… ……22 3-1 儀器總架構…………………………………………… …22 3-2 電源配置…………………………………… ……………22 3-3 量測電路………………………………………………….24 3-4 控制電路………………………………………………….26 3-5 系統整合………………………………………………….33 第四章 微製程晶片的設計與製作……………………… ……34 4-1 晶片設計………………………………………………….34 4-2 光罩設計……………………………………… …………37 4-3 晶片製程………………………………………………….38 4-3-1 晶片清洗…………………………………………40 4-3-2 圖形定義…………………………………………41 4-3-3 金屬蒸鍍…………………………………………45 4-3-4 掀去製程…………………………………………46 4-4 晶片封裝………………………………………… ………48 第五章 結果與討論……………………………………………50 5-1 微製程感測器的實際量測…………………… …………50 5-2 溫度控制方法的學習與討論…………… ………………50 5-2-1 未使用類神經網路的系統………………………51 5-2-2 單純使用類神經網路的系統……………………52 5-2-3 延遲時間與取樣速率……………………………55 5-2-4 學習速率…………………………………………56 5-2-5 類神經網路加上滑動模式………………………56 5-2-6 類神經網路加上模糊理論之控制………………58 5-2-7 適應性濾波器的使用……………………………60 5-2-8 PCR溫度循環…………………………… ………61 5-3 微型PCR晶片的可行性……………………………………62 5-4 DNA複製實驗與結果………………………………………64 5-5 綜合討論………………………………………… ………66 第六章 結論與未來展望………………………………………69 6-1 結論……………………………………… ………………69 6-2 未來工作……………………………………… …………70 參考文獻…………………………………………………………72 自述………………………………………………………………74

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