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研究生: 梁志賢
Liang, Chih-Hsien
論文名稱: 應用於輔助性多代理人系統之摩斯碼控制電子輔具系統
A Morse Code Based Electronic Aid for Daily Living and Its Application to an Assistive Multi-Agent System
指導教授: 羅錦興
Luo, Ching-Hsing
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 64
中文關鍵詞: 全身癱瘓者輔具多代理人系統摩斯碼USBZigBee
外文關鍵詞: quadriplegics, assistive device, multi-agent system, Morse code, USB, ZigBee
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  • 身心障礙者於日常生活中有諸多不便,有鑑於此,本研究所屬之陽光科技輔具團隊,即以身心障礙者的需求為第一考量,期望設計出一套符合其需求且具人性化的輔助系統,增加其生活獨立自主性,提高對生命存在之價值感,同時也減少身心障礙者對照護者所產生的負擔。依據身心障礙者的需求及團隊的期望,本團隊提出以代理人的觀點來設計一套輔助性系統,我們稱之為輔助性多代理人系統。
    本研究之電子輔具系統建立於輔助性多代理人系統之下,包含家電控制(冷氣、電視、電燈及電扇)、環境控制 (溫度、溼度、亮度)、安全警示(火警、毒氣及門窗)、自動設備控制(病床及螢幕架)及人機操作介面。個案使用之人機操作介面為電腦,電腦輸入裝置為本團隊之前所開發的摩斯碼嘴控輸入系統,於本研究中,我們將此輸入系統進行微小化及使用方便化,將原本的滑鼠(RS232)及鍵盤(PS2)傳輸介面整合至同一個(USB)傳輸介面。於控制及資料訊號傳輸部份,採用ZigBee無線傳輸的方式來解決各控制點間溝通的問題,同時也解決了家電控制部份裡的紅外線傳輸之方向性問題,不必再擔心傳輸路徑是否被障礙物擋住。
    本研究的測試分為二部份,一為輔助性電腦輸入裝置,一為電子輔具系統。於輔助性電腦輸入裝置部份,二位個案於一星期內皆順利的學會使用滑鼠功能,一個月時二位個案每分鐘約可打20個英文字母,六個月時其中一位個案甚至每分鐘可打到63個英文字母。於電子輔具系統部份,因個案已非常熟悉如何操作輔助性電腦輸入裝置,所以一開始就立刻學會如何操作系統,在一個月的測試當中,各項功能的使用紀錄皆被紀錄起來,總使用次數為1745次,使用次數最多的功能為病床調整,次數為745次。根據系統測試及問卷調查結果顯示,個案同意本系統對其生活上的瑣事有所幫助,讓他的生活變的較為獨立自主,同時照護者也非常感謝本系統為他們帶來的益處,讓他們打理日常瑣事時不會一直被中斷。

    There are many inconveniences associated with having disabilities. For the reason, the purpose of our research team, Sunshine Auxiliary Devices Research Group, is to develop a useful and convenient assistive device for the disabled. We hope to develop a human-based assistive system that meets the requirements of the disabled. The system will enhance their dependence in daily living, raise their value to life and reduce the burden of their caregivers. According to the requirements of the disabled and expectations of our group, an assistive system with the technology of multi-agents was designed, called Assistive Multi-Agent System.
    The electronic aid is constructed under the Assistive Multi-Agent System, which contains five major functions: (1) appliance control (air conditioner, TV, lamp and fan); (2) environmental control (temperature, humidity, and brightness); (3) automatic device control (bed and monitor stand); (4) safety warnings (fire, gas, windows, and doors); (5) human machine interface. The human machine interface is a computer used by the subjects. The input device is based on the use of Morse code to control the computer and was developed by previous research with our group.
    In this study, the device is smaller and more convenient. The interface of the mouse (RS232) and keyboard (PS2) were integrated into the same (USB) interface. ZigBee wireless communication was used to solve the communication problem between each node. At the same time, it avoids the problem of “line of sight” within the infrared transmission to permit long distance transmission without space limitation.
    Two experiments were conducted. One was for assistive computer input device; the other was for electronic aid. In the experiment of assistive computer input device, the two subjects, quadriplegics, who had been trained in one week could smoothly operate the functions of the mouse and could type at least 20 English letters per minute after a course of one month training. With the increase of training time, the fastest typing speed one of the subjects could achieve was 63 English letters per minute.
    In the experiment of electronic aid, the subject of our group, who was a well-trained user on operating the assistive computer input device, could smoothly manipulate the system from the beginning. Within a month of evaluation, data based on system activity was recorded. The total system operating times were 1745. The most used function was bed control whose operating times were 745. According to the results, the subject agreed that the system help him control the appliances well and the most used function was the control for the bed. Finally, care-givers of the subject appreciated the benefit of this system. They experienced fewer interruptions of their daily routine.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II 致謝 IV TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................ V LIST OF FIGURES.................................. VIII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................... 1 1.1 Electronic aids for daily living (EADLs) ......................... 2 1.2 Assistive computer input device (ACID) ........................ 5 1.3 Multi-agent system (MAS) ................................. 7 1.4 Motivation and objectives ........................... 8 CHAPTER 2 ELECTRONIC AIDS FOR DAILY LIVING ................. 10 2.1 System design of assistive MAS .......................... 10 2.2 Design of EADL ................................. 12 2.2.1 Application software (AS) ............................ 13 2.2.2 ZigBee wireless communication ........................ 14 2.2.3 ZigBee communication unit ......................... 18 2.2.4 Communication control board (CCB) ....................... 19 2.2.5 Appliance control nodes (ACN) ......................... 20 2.2.6 Environmental sensing nodes (ESNs) ..................... 21 2.2.7 Security protect nodes (SPNs) .......................... 21 2.2.8 Automatic device nodes (ADNs) ....................... 22 2.3 Evaluation method.....................23 CHAPTER 3 ASSISTIVE COMPUTER INPUT DEVICE .............. 24 3.1 System designs ................................. 25 3.1.1 Hardware design ................................... 26 3.1.2 Firmware design ................................... 28 3.1.3 Fuzzy algorithm ............................... 31 CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM TESTING AND .RESULTS ............... 35 4.1 Case process .................................... 35 4.2 The prototype of EADL ............................ 38 4.3 The prototype of ACID ............................. 40 4.4 The prototype of monitor stand .............................. 42 4.5 Experimental results of EADL ........................ 43 4.6 Experimental results of ACID ......................... 45 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION ........................... 48 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS ............................. 51 REFERENCES 53 APPENDIX I 59 APPENDIX II 61

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