摘 要
　　在本論文中，大致上分為五部份：1. 利用多層陰極於綠色有機發光元件2. 藍色有機發光元件光電特性的探討3. 紅光有機發光元件光電特性的研究4. 互補色之白色有機發光元件光電特性的研究5. 使用多層保護膜與封裝技術於有機發光元件並探討三原色之白色有機發光元件。
　　首先，將陰極改為[CuPc/鋰/鋁]多層陰極應用於綠色有機發光元件。由於CuPc與鋰原子會發生氧化還原反應產生新物質進而降低介面能障使電子容易注入於有機材料中並加速電子的傳輸速率。如此可以增加有機發光元件的發光亮度與效率同時降低元件的操作電壓。並利用電子能譜儀(x-ray photoemission spectrometer (XPS))分析CuPc與鋰原子介面的變化，並探討有機發光元件的特性改善與此介面變化之間的關連性。
　　為了得到全彩的有機發光元件，開發高亮度高效率與低耗電的白色有機發光元件是必須的。然而要製作白色有機發光元件有兩種方法：一是使用紅、藍、綠三原色組成白色有機發光元件，二是使用藍色與黃-紅色之互補色製作白色有機發光元件。在本研究中，主要是使用第二種方式來製作白色有機發光元件。因此，藍色與黃-紅色有機發光元件是值得研究與開發的。
　　基於上述理由，在本研究中的第二部份，主要探討藍色有機發光元件的光電特性。利用插入層(inter-layer)與雙電洞阻隔層(double hole-blocking layer (DHBL))設計於藍色有機發光元件中，來改善藍色有機發光元件的光電特性。
　　在本研究中的第三部份，將電洞阻隔層(hole-blocking layer (HBL))設計於有機發光元件結構裡，利用摻雜黃-紅色螢光染料摻雜於發光層(emitting layer (EML))中，使其發出紅光，並探討載子的複合區域，在此一過程中，同時會產生發白光的白色有機發光元件。
　　在本研究中的第四部份，使用藍色與黃-紅色的螢光染料摻雜於發光層中，並利用電洞阻隔層與能量轉移使有機發光元件發出藍色與黃-紅色的混合色，同時調整掺雜濃度，以調整有機發光元件的發光。不同的掺雜濃度所產生發光的顏色也就跟著不同，最後製作出發白色的白色有機發光元件，其CIE座標位於(0.34,0.34)。
　　最後，使用多層保護膜(multi-passivation layers (MPLs))與封裝技術將有機發光元件封裝，並量測此元件的光電特性。而多層保護膜與封裝技術可以有效的防止水氣與氧氣進入有機材料中，避免有機材料遭受破壞，使得有機發光元件變得更穩定。另外，製作以紅、藍、綠三原色混合的白色有機發光元件。此一白色有機發光元件增加了發光亮度與效率並降低了元件的消耗電量。因此，白色有機發光元件的光電特性成功地且有效地改善了。

Abstract
　This thesis deals with five topics in WOLED devices. The first is related to cathode by using [CuPc/Li/Al] multi-layers cathode (MLC) to improve the optoelectronic performances of the green-color OLED devices. The second topic regards blue-color OLED device’s optoelectronics performances. The third topic is chiefly concerning the recombination zone and optoelectronic characteristics in red-color OLED devices. The forth topic is probing into the optoelectronic properties of WOLED devices. And the last part of this work is considered that the multi-passivation layers (MPLs) and package system are used in OLED devices and the improvement of the optoelectronic performances in three primary color’s WOLED devices.
　In the first part of this thesis, the research of the optoelectronic performances in the green OLED devices with [CuPc/Li/Al] multi-layers cathode (MLC) is the major topic. The better optoelectronic characteristics of the OLED devices will be obtained by growing the [CuPc/Li/Al] multi-layers cathode and using x-ray photoemission spectrometer (XPS) to analyze the role of the [CuPc/Li/Al] multi-layers cathode. In this investigation, the redox reaction will happen between the molecules of the CuPc and lithium and produces a new material, which can reduce the barrier height between organic material and CuPc/Li/Al multi-layers cathode and increase the efficiency of electron injection into the organic material. Therefore, it can increase the OLED device’s luminance and efficiency and reduce the OLED device’s driving voltage efficiently.
　In this study, in order to obtain the full-color OLED devices, it is the major subject to investigate the higher luminance, higher efficiency, and lower power consumption white organic light emitting diode (WOLED) devices. In order to produce white light, there are two types WOLED device structures. The first one is that white light consists of three primary colors; the second one is the mixture of blue-color and yellow-red-color. In this work, the major research is that white color is composed of the mixture of blue-color and yellow-red-color. Hence, the blue-color and yellow-red-color OLED devices will be studied by modifying structures and treatments of the device.
　In the second part of this work; for the reason, the blue-color OLED device structures will be designed and modulated and the optoelectronic characteristics of the blue-color OLED devices will be measured. Inter-layer and double hole-blocking layer (DHBL) will be introduced into blue-color OLED devices to improve the optoelectronic performances of the devices.
　In the third part of this study; at the same time, the red-color OLED device structures will be devised and hole-blocking layer (HBL) will be introduced into the devices to tune color. The role of the HBL and the detail recombination zone of the carriers will be discussed. From this research, WOLED devices will be generated at the same time.
　In the forth part of this work, the WOLED will be produced by the mixture of the blue-color and yellow-red-color. The yellow-red fluorescent dye will be doped into emitting layer (EML) and the device’s color will be altered by changing different doping concentration and energy transfer. With different doping concentration, the proportion of the blue-color and red-color will be modified and the WOLED device will be generated by using the mixture of blue-color and yellow-red-color successfully. The WOLED device emits white color and the CIE coordinates (x,y) are (0.34,0.34).
　Finally, the multi-passivation layers (MPLs) and package system are used in OLED devices. Then, the stabilization of the optoelectronic performances on OLED devices will be measured. It is suggested that the MLPs and package technique on extending the stability of the OLED devices is due to the prevention of moisture and oxygen infiltrating into the organic materials successfully. In addition, the optoelectronic performances of WOLED devices will be improved by using the mixture of three primary colors. The luminance and efficiency of the WOLED devices will be increased efficiently and the power consumption will be reduced of the WOLED device’s successfully. The WOLED devices become more stable. Therefore, the improvement of the WOLED device’s optoelectronic performances is very successfully.

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