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研究生： 許育嘉
Hsu, Yu-Chia
論文名稱： 風力發電之類比式最大功率追蹤系統
An Analog Maximum Power Point Tracker for Wind Turbine Generators
指導教授： 郭泰豪
Kuo, Tai-Haur
共同指導教授: 郭永超
Kuo, Yeong-Chau
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2010
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 61
中文關鍵詞： 風力發電 、最大功率追蹤 、類比控制 、積體電路
外文關鍵詞： Wind energy, Maximum power point tracking, Analog control, Integrated circuit
相關次數： 點閱：95  下載：5 
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    • 本論文研發一個使用於永磁式同步發電機的風力發電系統之最大功率追蹤控制器，有別於傳統透過微處理器控制的方式，對於風速的快速改變，使用具有回授控制的類比架構結合簡單的最大功率追蹤演算法做實現，擁有快速的暫態響應使整體系統更為穩定安全，並擁有高追蹤效率，且不需額外增加演算法複雜度與硬體成本及運算量。對於不同瓦數的發電機，皆可採用本系統做為最大功率追蹤控制器。本論文透過完成一原型電路來驗證此最大功率追蹤系統，在原型電路中具有96.7%轉換效率及99.3%的追蹤效率，最後經由積體電路的實現，提高整體系統低成本、高效能的價值性。
    此類比最大功率追蹤轉換器晶片實現採用台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司所提供的0.35um 2P4M 3.3V/5V 混合訊號互補式金氧半製程來製造。全晶片面積大約為1.551x1.613mm2，詳細的設計方法與流程及驗證結果將於下述章節介紹。

    The research of a maximum power point tracking converter for wind energy conversion system with permanent magnet synchronous generator is presented in the thesis. It is different from conventional implementation method with microprocessor. An analog control topology combined with simple maximum power point tracking algorithm could have benefits to prevent wind speed change quickly which would cause wind turbine generator unstable. The system has fast transient response make wind turbine generator stable and safe. The prototype system has been implemented to verify tracking function and controlling ability of the system. High tracking efficiency is shown in prototype system circuit which has no extra algorithm complexity, hardware cost and computation. The prototype system has high tracking efficiency about 99.3% and conversion efficiency about 96.7%. Finally, Integrated circuit has designed and implemented to achieve a low cost, high performance maximum power point tracker.
    This analog maximum power point converter designed with TMSC 0.35um 2P4M 3.3V/5V Mixed Signal CMOS process. The total chip area is about 1.551x1.613 mm2. The detail design flow, method and simulation results has presented as flow.

    1 簡介.....................................................1 1.1 研究背景與動機..........................................1 1.2 論文組織與架構..........................................3 2 風力發電基本原理...........................................4 2.1 風力發電特性曲線.........................................4 2.2 利用MATLAB/HSPICE 建立風力發電機模型.....................9 2.3 最大功率轉換器基本概念..................................14 2.3.1 追蹤效率.............................................14 2.3.2 轉換效率.............................................14 2.3.3 升壓型電壓轉換器......................................15 3 系統分析與設計...........................................18 3.1 擾動觀察法.............................................18 3.2 類比演算系統實現........................................20 3.3 穩定度分析與設計........................................22 3.4 系統實做驗證...........................................27 4 電路設計與晶片實現........................................31 4.1 最大功率追蹤器電路架構..................................31 4.2 演算法電路.............................................32 4.2.1 電流感應器...........................................32 4.2.2 類比乘法器...........................................33 4.2.3 漣波平均電路.........................................35 4.2.4 取樣電路及判斷電路....................................37 4.2.5 充電泵..............................................39 4.3 脈衝與鋸齒波同步產生電路.................................43 4.4 運算放大器.............................................45 4.5 比較器................................................48 4.6 佈局考量...............................................50 5 模擬結果.................................................52 5.1 穩定風速下的最大功率追蹤.................................52 5.2 風速抖動下的系統穩定性..................................54 5.3 風速改變時的動態追蹤....................................54 6 結論與未來工作...........................................58 6.1 結論..................................................58 6.2 相關文獻比較...........................................58 6.3 未來工作...............................................59 參考文獻...................................................60

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