本論文旨在針對非接觸感應饋電中之感應結構做探討與分析，以利於爾後對大電力載具充電能達到較高之效率。首先探討感應電能傳輸操作特性，而後對非接觸式感應充電之感應結構進行規劃設計，其中包含針對各種鐵芯之位移進行磁場分佈模擬與實際量測，並選出合適之感應結構。為對大電力載具充電，選用高容量的鉛酸電池進行基礎特性研究，探討鉛酸電池的充電方法後，從中選定一充電方法並分析其充電特性。系統於感應耦合結構間氣隙2mm條件下做參數設計，並利用諧振點追蹤電路來維持電路轉換效率以因應負載與鐵芯位移變化，最後對鉛酸電池進行充電。

This thesis studies and analyzes the coupled structure of contactless inductive power transmission to achieve better efficiency for high power vehicle charging. At first, the operational characteristics of inductive power transmission are studied. Second, the design of coupling structure is established by analyzing the comparison of different adequate core. In order to charge high power vehicle, choosing lead-acid battery of high content to investigate the fundamental characteristics. After studying the charging method of lead-acid battery, the thesis chooses one of charging method then analyzes the charging characteristics. The design of system’s parameters is under 2mm air gap of contactless inductive coupled structure, and utilizes the resonant frequency tracing circuit to maintain the conversion efficiency for the change of load and core displacement. Finally, this system is implemented in real circuit to be used to charge lead-acid battery.

參考文獻

[1] Y. Jang and M. M. Jovanovic, “A contactless electrical energy transmission system for portable-telephone battery chargers,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 520-527, 2003.
[2] B. Choi, H. Cha, J. Noh, and S. Park, “A new contactless battery charger for portable telecommunication/computing electronics,” in Proc. IEEE ICCE, 2001, pp. 58-59.
[3] S. Y. R. Hui and W. W. C. Ho, “A new generation of universal contactless battery charging platform for portable consumer electronic equipment,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 620-627, 2005.
[4] C. G. Kim, D. H. Seo, J. S. You, J. H. Park, and B. H. Cho, “Design of a contactless battery charger for cellular phone,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1238-1247, 2001.
[5] K. Hatanaka, F. Sato, H. Matsuki, S. Kikuchi, J. Murakami, M. Kawase, and T. Satoh, “Power transmission of a desk with a cord-free power supply,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 3329-3331, 2002.
[6] K. Hatanaka, F. Sato, H. Matsuki, S. Kikuchi, J. Murakami, M. Kawase, and T. Satoh, “Characteristics of the desk with cord-free power supply,” in Proc. IEEE INTERMAG, 2002, p. 6.
[7] R. Laouamer, M. Brunello, J. P. Ferrieux, O. Normand, and N. Buchheit, “A multi-resonant converter for non-contact charging with electromagnetic coupling,” in Proc. IEEE IECON, 1997, vol. 2, pp. 792-797.
[8] F. Sato, J. Murakami, T. Suzuki, H. Matsuki, S. Kikuchi, K. Harakawa, H. Osada, and K. Seki, “Contactless energy transmission to mobile loads by CLPS-test driving of an EV with starter batteries,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 4203-4205, 1997.
[9] H. Sakamoto, K. Harada, S. Washimiya, K. Takehara, Y. Matsuo, and F. Nakao, “Large air-gap coupler for inductive charger,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 3526-3528, 1999.
[10] Y. Jang and M. M. Jovanovic, “A new soft-switched contactless battery charger with robust local controllers,” in Proc. IEEE INTELEC, 2003, pp. 473-479.
[11] C. Cai, D. Du, and Z. Liu, “Advanced traction rechargeable battery system for cableless mobile robot,” in Proc. IEEE AIM, 2003, pp. 234-239.
[12] S. Adachi, F. Sato, H. Matusuki, and S. Kikuchi, “Consideration on contactless power station with selective excitation to moving robot,” in Proc. IEEE INTERMAG, 1999, p. HF-01.
[13] J. Zgraja, “Computer simulation of induction hardening of moving flat charge,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1523-1526, 2003.
[14] K. W. Klontz, D. M. Divan, D. W. Novotny, and R. D. Lorenz, “Contactless power delivery system for mining applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 27-35, 1995.
[15] G. A. J. Elliott, J. T. Boys, and A. W. Green, “Magnetically coupled systems for power transfer to electric vehicles,” in Proc. IEEE PEDS, 1995, pp. 797-801.
[16] J. M. Barnard, J. A. Ferreira, and J. D. V. Wyk, “Optimising sliding transformers for contactless power transmission systems,” in Proc. IEEE PESC, 1995, pp. 245-251.
[17] J. M. Barnard, J. A. Ferreira, and J. D. V. Wyk, “Optimized linear contactless power transmission systems for different applications,” in Proc. APEC, 1997, pp. 953-959.
[18] J. M. Barnard, J. A. Ferreira, and J. D. V. Wyk, “Sliding transformers for linear contactless power delivery,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 774-779, 1997.
[19] J. T. Boys, G. A. Covic, and A. W. Green, “Stability and control of inductively coupled power transfer systems,” in Proc. IEE Electric Power Appl., 2000, pp. 37-43.
[20] C. C. Hua and M. Y. Lin, “A study of charging control of lead-acid battery for electric vehicles,” in Proc. IEEE ISIE, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 135-140.
[21] Y. H. Kim and H. D. Ha, “Design of interface circuits with electrical battery models,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 81-86, 1997.
[22] 李世興，電池活用手冊，全華科技圖書，1996。
[23] 孫清華，可充電電池技術大全，全華科技圖書，2003。
[24] 楊錢威，智慧型居家清潔機器人之充電站研製，國立成功大學工程科學系碩士論文，2005。
[25] M. Ryu, Y. Park, J. Baek, and H. Cha, “Analysis of the contactless power transfer system using modeling and analysis of the contactless transformer,” in Proc. IEEE IECON, 2005, pp. 1036-1042.
[26] T. Bieler, M. Perrottet, V. Nguyen, and Y. Perriard, “Contactless power and information transmission,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1266-1272, 2002.
[27] R. Mecke and C. Rathge, “High frequency resonant inverter for contactless energy transmission over large air gap,” in Proc. PESC, 2004, pp. 1737-1743.
[28] Y. Wu, L. Yan, and S. Xu, “Modeling and performance analysis of the new contactless power supply system,” in Proc. ICEMS, 2005, vol. 3, pp. 1983-1987.
[29] J. Hirai, T. W. Kim, and A. Kawamura, “Study on intelligent battery charging using inductive transmission of power and information,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, pp. 335-345, 2000.
[30] J. Hirai, T. W. Kim, and A. Kawamura, “Practical study on wireless transmission of power and information for autonomous decentralized manufacturing system,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 349-359, 1999.
[31] 邱俊翔，非接觸式感應饋電技術應用於鎳鎘電池充電之研究，國立成功大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2007。
[32] 萬泰麟，非接觸式感應充電技術應用於小家電裝置之研究，國立成功大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2007。
[33] A. R. Naser and J. E. Quaicoe, “A single-phase delta-modulated inverter for UPS applications,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 347-354, 1993.
[34] V. Tipsuwanporn, C. Sodaban, and P. Thepsatorn, “Adaptive switching frequency in delta modulation inverter for single phase induction motor drives,” in Proc. IEEE ICIT, 2005, pp. 599-603.
[35] S. Sae-Sue, V. Kinnares, C. Tangsiriworakul, and S. Potivejkul, “Comparative performance evaluation of fixed and adaptive hysteresis band delta modulation techniques for UPS,” in Proc. IEEE PEDS, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 956-960.
[36] M. H. Kheraluwala and D. M. Divan, “Delta modulation strategies for resonant link inverters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 220-228, 1990.
[37] V. Tipsuwanporn, C. Choochuan, A. Numsomran, S. Pathanasattanon, and V. Pirajnanchai, “Economical function generator and delta modulator circuits,” in Proc. IEEE PEDS, 2001, vol. 1, pp. 223-226.
[38] A. H. Chowdhury, A. Mansoor, M. A. Choudhury, and M. A. Rahman, “On-line improved inverter waveform by variable step delta modulation,” in Proc. IEEE PESC, 1994, vol. 1, pp. 1323-1329.
[39] P. D. Ziogas, “The delta modulation technique in static PWM inverters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 199-204, 1981.
[40] D. N. Trip, C. Gordan, M. I. Gordan, A. Schiop, and R. Reiz, “Time-frequency analysis of the delta modulation and PWM control for the asynchronous motors,” in Proc. EuroCon, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 1586-1589.
[41] C. S. Wang, O. H Stielau, and G. A. Covic, “Load models and their application in the design of loosely coupled inductive power transfer systems,” in Proc. PowerCon, 2000, pp. 1053-1058.
[42] Y. Wu, L. Yan; and S. Xu, “A new contactless power delivery system,” in Proc. ICEMS, 2003, vol. 1, pp. 253-256.
[43] 劉致中，2006年全球二次電池產業現況，工研院IEK化材組，2007。
[44] T. H. Nishimura, T. Eguchi, K. Hirachi, Y. Maejima, K. Kuwana, and M. Saito, “A large air gap flat transformer for a transcutaneous energy transmission system,” in Proc. PESC, 1994, pp. 1323-1329.
[45] T. H. Nishimura, K. Hirachi, Y. Maejima, K. Kuwana, and M. Saito, “Characteristics of a novel energy transmission for a rechargeable cardiac pacemaker by using a resonant DC-DC converter,” in Proc. IECON, 1993, pp. 875-880.
[46] UC3906 Data Sheet, Texas Instruments Inc., 1996.