海洋生態環境安全是維持海洋永續發展的基礎，與生態風險、生態健康、脆弱度等密切相關。當前海洋生態問題如生物多樣性喪失、漁業資源減少、紅樹林消失等，已成為全球性的挑戰。這些問題源自於氣候變遷、污染、過度開發和沿海地區的快速發展等多種因素的共同作用，嚴重威脅了海洋生態系統的穩定性。這樣的背景下，必須以綜合的生態安全評估模式來系統地解決這些問題。首先以 DPSIR 模型提供分析海洋生態環境變遷的架構，從驅動力到壓力、再到狀態和衝擊，最終回應問題，該模式結合生態風險評估和政策分析，能夠幫助制定有效的保護策略；其次，利用德爾菲法修正模型中所建構海洋生態安全評估架構；最終透過熵值法計算評估架構中指標權重，希望藉由客觀數據來補足由主觀意識所帶來的缺點。研究中對與高雄港相關的利害關係人進行調查，包括：學術界、政府部門和民間團體三大面向的權益關係人，進行三輪的問卷調查作為後續進一步的分析。經修正後的海洋生態安全評估架構因經過一系列的多輪問卷調查，全面掌握不同利害關係人的觀點，從而更完善評估架構。研究結果顯示，在高雄港地區，最關鍵的生態安全指標包括「船舶聯合稽查」 、 「環境投資與成本」 、 「水中透視度」 、 「貨櫃裝卸量」及「人均碳排放總量」。其中，船舶聯合稽查被評為最具影響力的管理因子，顯示港口安全與污染控制的執行力對海洋生態具有關鍵影響。本研究建議未來可從理論拓展、研究範疇、資料收集方法與利害關係人參與等面向深化。首先，在理論基礎方面應廣泛參考國際港口生態治理案例與 SDGs 等架構，補強制度設計與提升國際接軌。研究範疇方面，建議擴及中小型港與漁港，提升區域代表性。方法上可採混合式研究，結合深度訪談、問卷與環境勘查，並參考 OHI 等國際指標工具以強化科學性。建議強化與政府、學研機構與 NGOs 合作，建立資料共享與即時監測機制。利害關係人面向上，應納入更多如居民、企業與漁民等多元聲音，建構參與式治理平台，促進政策共識與落實。未來亦可深化氣候調適能力、智慧監測、綠色供應鏈等議題，推動港區治理制度化、智慧化與永續化。

Marine ecological environmental security is fundamental to sustaining the ocean's long-term development and is closely linked with ecological risks, ecosystem health, and environmental vulnerability. Current marine ecological issues, such as biodiversity loss, depletion of fishery resources, ocean acidification, and the disappearance of coastal ecosystems like mangroves and seagrass beds, have become serious global challenges. These problems are the result of the combined effects of climate change, marine and land-based pollution, over-exploitation of marine resources, habitat destruction, and rapid coastal urbanization. Such multifaceted threats pose substantial and long-lasting risks to the structure and function of marine ecosystems, ultimately affecting food security, coastal livelihoods, and overall environmental resilience. Against this backdrop, it is essential to address these issues through a systematic and interdisciplinary approach, one that is grounded in ecological theory, empirical evidence, and policy relevance. A comprehensive ecological security assessment model can serve this role, helping to diagnose key environmental stressors and inform effective management strategies. In this context, the DPSIR model—which stands for Drivers, Pressures, State, Impact, and Responses—provides a robust analytical framework to examine the interactions between human activities and marine environmental change. This model enables a logical sequence of analysis, starting from identifying underlying socio-economic drivers, assessing environmental pressures, evaluating the current state of marine ecosystems, understanding ecological and societal impacts, and ultimately informing policy responses. By integrating ecological risk assessment with policy analysis, the DPSIR model strengthens the scientific foundation for conservation planning and environmental governance. To operationalize this model, the study employs two complementary methodologies. First, the Delphi method is used to develop and refine the ecological security indicator system. By conducting a structured, multi-round survey process among experts from academia, government, and non-governmental organizations, this method facilitates consensus-building and ensures that the selected indicators are both scientifically valid and policy-relevant. Second, the entropy weighting method is adopted to assign objective weights to each indicator based on data variability. This approach helps to reduce subjectivity in the evaluation process and ensures that the most informative indicators exert proportionate influence on the overall assessment outcome. This study applies the developed framework to the case of Kaohsiung Port, Taiwan’s largest and most strategically important port. As a critical hub for international shipping and industrial activity, Kaohsiung Port also bears a heavy ecological burden. High volumes of maritime traffic, extensive port operations, industrial discharges, and land reclamation contribute to localized environmental degradation, including reduced water quality, habitat loss, and increased greenhouse gas emissions. To address these challenges, the study surveyed key stakeholders—covering academic experts, government officials, and NGO representatives—over three rounds to refine the indicator system for ecological security assessment in the port region. The resulting framework identified several priority indicators, including joint ship inspection, environmental investment and cost, water transparency, container throughput, and per capita carbon emissions. Among these, joint ship inspection emerged as the most influential factor, emphasizing the critical role of enforcement capacity and pollution control in port management.

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