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研究生: 黃敏峰
Huang, Ming-Feng
論文名稱: 人臉追蹤法應用於監控系統之研究
The Study of Monitoring and Control System Using Human Face Tracking Methods
指導教授: 毛齊武
Mao, Chi-Wu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 53
中文關鍵詞: 人臉追蹤人臉辨識影像處理
外文關鍵詞: image processing, human face tracking
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  • 近年來因為犯罪問題的日益嚴重,使得各單位不得不重視保全機制,許多身份確認的防範的設施應運而生。在監控系統方面,傳統式的攝影機只能監視單一視角,就算在底部裝設了旋轉底座或是架設多台攝影機,也僅能監視到旋轉掃瞄的部分,不但增加了成本,更無法達到追蹤的功能。因此本論文利用了具有兩個旋轉方向的攝影機平台,改善了傳統監控攝影機的缺點。
    本研究是使用動態的攝影機來做人臉的追蹤,在擷取到影像之後,先做顏色分割,將膚色從影像之中分離出來,接著利用數位影像處理的技術,找出人臉所在的區域;再以橢圓形臉部追蹤法,找出人臉正確的位置,並將此位置送到平台控制器,做為平台轉動的依據。此外,設定一個區域範圍,當橢圓(人臉)超出此範圍時,才會做有效的轉動,避免平台做不必要的轉動,並使人臉持續地保持在畫面的中心。

    In recent years, since the criminal problems are getting much severer than ever, many organizations are forced to emphasize security system, thus, the alert installations for identity assurance have been in urgent need . On the monitoring and control system, traditional video cameras can only monitor a single vision. Even though a rotation base is installed at the bottom or more video cameras are working at the same time, we can merely monitor the area under scanning. The drawbacks of such system are high cost and low tracking performance. Hence, in this thesis, we use a base which can make 2-dimensional rotation such that the disadvantages of traditional monitor video camera can be improved.
    In our study, we use dynamical video cameras to trace the human face. After an image is grasped, the first step is to make a segmentation of colors, and then to separate the skin tone from the image. Later on, we use the skill of digital image processing to find out the region where the human face locates. Then, we use the technique of the Elliptical Head Tracking to find out the exact position of the face, and send the information of this position to the platform for controlling the movement of the platform. Besides, a range is set up to confirm the position of the ellipsoid (human face). This prevents the platform from unnecessary rotating and also keeps the human face staying in the center on the screen.

    中文摘要 Ⅰ 英文摘要 Ⅱ 謝誌 Ⅲ 目錄 Ⅳ 圖目錄 Ⅶ 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2研究動機與目的 2 1.3 文獻回顧 2 1.4 論文架構 3 第二章 數位影像處理 4 2.1 簡介 4 2.2 數位影像之取樣與量化 5 2.3 基本數位影像處理演算法 6 第三章 人臉偵測與追蹤概要 9 3.1 簡介 9 3.2 影像中人臉特徵之判別 9 3.2.1 顏色分割(color segmentation) 9 3.2.2移動物體偵測 12 3.2.3 形狀的分析 14 3.3 靜態影像的人臉偵測 14 3.4 動態影像的人臉偵測 16 3.5 動態影像的人臉追蹤 17 3.6 臉部特徵的判別 18 3.7 人臉方向的判別 18 3.8 人臉追蹤系統的即時性 19 第四章 臉部之追蹤 22 4.1前言 22 4.2 影像的前置處理 23 4.2.1 膚色分析 24 4.2.2 二值影像的後續處理 28 4.2.3 破碎區塊的包覆 33 4.3 搜尋區域的設定 35 4.4 橢圓形頭部追蹤 37 4.5 結果與討論 39 第五章 系統硬體 40 5.1系統簡介 40 5.2 硬體設備 41 5.3 影像平台的控制法 42 5.4分析與討論 46 第六章 結果與展望 47 6.1結果討論 47 6.2 未來展望 47 參考資料 49 自述 53

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