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研究生: 吳明隆
Wu, Ming-Long
論文名稱: 單晶片系統測試平台之效能分析與增進
Performance Analysis and Enhancement of SOC Test Platforms
指導教授: 李昆忠
Lee, Kuen-Jong
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 67
中文關鍵詞: 單晶片測試平台
外文關鍵詞: SOC Test Platform
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  •   隨著硬體整合密度增加,晶片將擁有越來越多的功能。然而系統單晶片內部核心與模組數量之迅速增長將使得以系統單晶片為基礎之設計方法面臨許多嶄新挑戰。為了有效測試系統單晶片,測試機台必須要有極高之頻率、高精準度以及大量記憶體配置。此外由於系統單晶片複雜度之增長,過長之測試時間亦為一極待解決之問題。這將會造成測試成本的提升,因此,如何針對系統單晶片降低其測試成本將是個非常重要之課題。
      在此篇論文裡,我們致力於1)發展一單晶片系統測試平台以減少測試機台之需要 2)提出數種分析方法使單晶片系統測試平台可獲取最好之效能。我們提出一可由軟體或硬體主導測試流程之測試平台。軟體主導之測試模式擁有高度的彈性及簡單的控制機制,而硬體主導之測試模式則有較少測試時間之優點。除此之外,我們提出一分析技術以決定測試存取機制最適合之寬度,使一單晶片測試平台可獲取較好之效能。我們亦對於所發展之單晶片平台之測試效率進行分析以決定移位緩衝器及測試存取匯流排之數量,進而達到最少之整體測試時間。更且,我們發現內部掃描鏈及主要輸出輸入埠之掃描鏈深度不平均將會影響到測試週期數及測試效能。針對此議題,我們亦提出一有效之解決辦法。根據實驗結果顯示,將我們所提出之數種分析方法應用於所發展之測試平台後,與前人所提出之測試架構相比,測試週期數將可大幅降低且可達到較高之測試效率。

     Due to the design trend of SOC (system-on-a chip), more and more functionalities will be provided in a single chip. However, this design methodology also introduces many new challenges. In order to test an SOC, ATEs with high frequency, great accuracy and large memory are necessary. Moreover, with the increase of SOC complexity, the possibly long test time will also be an important issue. They will result in high test cost. Hence, how to reduce the test cost for SOC becomes an important problem.
     To address this problem, in this thesis, we focus on 1) SOC test platforms to reduce the need of ATE and 2) methods to obtain the best performance of the SOC test platform to reduce test time. We propose an SOC test platform supporting two different test modes, namely software-oriented and hardware-oriented test procedures. The software-oriented test mode has much flexibility and a simpler control mechanism while the hardware-oriented test mode requires much less test time. To obtain the best test performance, we develop an analytic technique to determine the most appropriate width of the test access mechanism (TAM) in an SOC test platform. We also analyze the test efficiency of an SOC platform to determine the optimum organization of the required shift buffers and the TAM bus that leads to minimum test time. Moreover, the issue of the unbalanced depth of internal and PI/PO scan chains that also has effects on test time is addressed to further improve the test efficiency. Experimental results show that by the proposed test platform and the developed techniques, very short test time and high test efficiency can be obtained.

    Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. MOTIVATION 1 1.2. OVERVIEW TO THIS WORK 2 1.3. ORGANIZATION OF THESIS 3 Chapter 2 BACKGROUND AND PREVIOUS WORK 5 2.1. IEEE P1500 STANDARD 5 2.2. PREVIOUS WORK 8 2.2.1. Functional Testing 9 2.2.2. Structural Testing 9 Chapter 3 OVERVIEW OF SOC TEST PLATFORM 15 3.1. FEATURES 16 3.2. THE COMPONENTS OF TEST PLATFORM 17 3.3. TEST PROCEDURES 18 3.3.1. Software-oriented Test Flow 18 3.3.2. Hardware-oriented Test Flow 20 Chapter 4 IMPLANTATION OF SOC TEST PLATFORM 22 4.1. TEST INTEGRATION FLOW 22 4.2. HARDWARE: TAM CONTROLLER 25 4.2.1. Architecture of TAM Controller 25 4.2.2. Data Registers 29 4.2.3. TMS Generator 33 4.2.4. Comparator 34 4.3. SOFTWARE: TEST PROGRAM AND TEST DATA TRANSFORMATION 35 4.4. AUTOMATION TOOLS 38 4.4.1. System Cores Integrating Tool 38 4.4.2. MISR Data Generator 39 4.4.3. Pattern Transformer 39 Chapter 5 METHODS TO FURTHER ENHANCE PERFORMANCE 41 5.1. TEST TIME ANALYSIS OF SOC TEST PLATFORMS 41 5.1.1. Notation 42 5.1.2. Test Time Analysis for Software-oriented Test Platform 43 5.1.3. Test Time Analysis for Hardware-oriented Test Platform 44 5.2. SHIFT BUFFER ANALYSIS 46 5.2.1. Hold Mechanism 46 5.2.2. Test Efficiency Analysis 48 5.3. ISSUE OF UNBALANCED DEPTH OF INTERNAL AND PI/PO SCAN CHAINS 51 Chapter 6 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 52 6.1. EXPERIMENTAL ENVIRONMENT 52 6.2. SIMULATION RESULTS 54 6.3. AREA OVERHEAD 55 6.4. TEST TIME IMPROVEMENT 56 6.4.1. Test Case 1 57 6.4.2. Test Case 2 58 6.4.3. Test Case 3 59 6.5. SHIFT BUFFER ANALYSIS RESULTS 59 Chapter 7 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 63 7.1. CONCLUSIONS 63 7.2. FUTURE WORK 63 REFERENCES 65

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