| 研究生: |
蔡秉修 Tsai, Bing-Shiou |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
阿公店水庫空庫排砂效率之探討 Study on the Efficiency of Empty Flushing of Agongdian Reservoir |
| 指導教授: |
王筱雯
Wang, Hsiao-Wen |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2016 |
| 畢業學年度: | 104 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 118 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 阿公店水庫 、排砂效率 、空庫排砂 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Agongdian Reservoir, Desilting Efficiency, Empty Flushing |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:82 下載:16 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
為能永續經營水庫,許多水庫正透過各種方法實施排砂。各種排砂方式中,空庫排砂為使過庫泥砂排出水庫之最佳水力排砂方式,而阿公店水庫於2005年更新工程完成,為台灣少數以空庫進行排砂之水庫,然而水庫實際的供水模式及水文、地文泥砂運移等因素均有相當高不確定性的情況,進而影響排砂效果不如預期,故希望藉由分析及探討既有空庫排砂之操作,以及分析新空庫分區排砂操作方法與排砂效率之關係,以提供阿公店水庫提升排砂效率之建議,進而延長水庫壽命。
水庫的排砂效率會受眾多因子所影響,包括水文及操作條件等,故本研究透過蒐集歷年流量及含砂濃度資料,分析降雨事件期間的排砂效率,進而再與相關因子進行相關性分析,如入庫流量、平均操作水位等因子,以找出影響排砂效率之關鍵因子,並再將排砂效率與理論經驗公式及物理模型規劃之排砂效率,進行綜合比較,探討彼此間差異性,以得知提升排砂效率之關鍵,另再利用數值模式驗證新排砂策略「分區排砂」之效益。若要提高排砂效率方法即是提高排砂量,經排砂因子相關性分析結果顯示,出庫水量(R2=0.619)為提高出砂量之關鍵,其次為出流含砂比(R2=0.283)。而出流含砂比可藉由平均流速提高、初始水位降低、平均水位降低來提高,故可藉由此相關性分析結果,提供水庫在提升排砂效率之優先注意項目。而排砂效率較物理模型試驗低之主因為實際水庫受用水及防洪需求無法執行空庫。分區排砂方案模擬結果顯示高濃度渾水能更快及濃度更高達放流口,但還是有賴於降低水位及提高放流量才能有效提升排砂效率。本研究所分析的排砂效率相關結果,可作為阿公店水庫提升排砂效率上之建議。
Empty Flushing is the best hydraulic desilting method for releasing accumulating sediment from a reservoir. Agongdian Reservoir in southern Taiwan is one of the few cases where desilting by empty flushing occurs in Taiwan. There is still much uncertainty as to the effects desilting has on the reservoir systems. Lack of knowledge of the hydrological effects may lead to outcomes that differ from the expectations of earlier planners. This paper hopes to examine and understand the relationship between reservoir operation and desilting efficiency inorder to successfully plan for the long-term operation of the Agongdian Reservoir.
We collected and analysed flow and sediment data of two gaging stations upstream of the Agongdian Reservoir, as well as at the spillway of the dam from 2009 to 2015. From these data, estimates of the desilting efficiency during nineteen selected hydrological events were made. In order to understand how to increase desilting efficiency, correlation analysis of the desilting efficiency of each event aswell as the hydrological and operating conditions of each event was done. A comparison of desilting efficiency results of earlier physical experiments and calculations of empirical formula were also done in order to see if the formulas efficiency results are suitable for Agongdian Reservoir. A numerical model (SRH-2D) was done to simulate the use of Partition desilting in Agongdian Reservoir and see if there would be a benefit or not.
Desilting efficiency correlation analysis results displayed that if we would like to increase the desilting efficiency, we need to increase desilting volume, which is positively related to the volume of released water (R2=0.619) and the ratio of desilting volume and water volume (R2=0.283). The ratio is positively related to average velocity and negatively related to the reservoirs water level. Desilting efficiency was lower than planned due to they can not execute complete empty flushing. The Partition-desilting simulation results show that outlet sediment concentration can be higher and arrive at the outlet faster if this new method is used. From these results we can propose suggestions for more sustainable management of the Agongdian Reservoir.
1. 中興工程顧問股份有限公司,2011,氣候變遷下水庫排砂對策研究總報告,經濟部水利署。
2. 巨廷工程顧問股份有限公司,2009,尖山埤水庫更新改善可行性規劃,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
3. 美國墾務局技術服務中心,2013,台美水利技術合作計畫,經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
4. 凌來文、郭志剛、李新虎、趙克梅,1991,恆山渾水水庫排砂計算方法研究,泥沙研究。
5. 夏邁定、程永華,1997,黑松林水庫泥砂處理技術的研究及應用,泥砂研究。
6. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2009,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
7. 逢甲大學,2010 ,土壠灣水庫排砂效率與觀測資料分析之研究,經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
8. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會, 2010,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
9. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2011,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
10. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2012,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
11. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2013,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
12. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2014,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
13. 財團法人成大水力海洋研究發展文教基金會,2015,阿公店水庫防淤泥砂觀測及成效評估,經濟部水利署南區水資源局。
14. 清華大學水利工程系泥沙研究室,1979,水庫泥沙,水力電力出版社。
15. 國立台灣大學,2010,台美合作岸之技術引進及應用研究(2/4),經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
16. 國立台灣大學,2012,台美合作岸之技術引進及應用研究(4/4),經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
17. 國立台灣大學,2012,台美合作岸之技術引進及應用研究總報告,經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
18. 焦恩澤、繆鳳舉、林秀芝,2008,水庫調水調沙,黃河水利出版社。12
19. 經濟部水利處水利規劃試驗所,1999,阿公店水庫防淤操作模型試驗及檢討計畫報告,經濟部水利處南區水資源局。
20. 經濟部水利處水利規劃試驗所,2000,阿公店水庫防淤操作模型試驗及檢討計畫報告,經濟部水利處南區水資源局。
21. 經濟部水利處水利規劃試驗所, 2003,阿公店水庫防淤操作模型試驗及檢討計畫報告,經濟部水利處南區水資源局。
22. 臺灣省水利局規劃總隊,1982,RESERVOIR DESIGN CONSIDERING SILTING CONTROL,台灣省水利局規劃總隊。
23. 賴進松,1998,阿公店水庫淤泥沖刷啟動之研究,台灣水利經濟部水利署水利規劃試驗所。
24. Atkinson E. (1996). The feasibility of flushing sediment from reservoirs, Report OD 137, HR Wallingford, Howbery Park, Wallingford, Oxon.
25. Gregory L. Morris., Jiahua Fan. (2010). Reservoir Sedimentation Handbook, McGraw-Hill Professional, New York.
26. G. Mathias Kondolf., Yongxuan Gao., George W. Annandale., Gregory L. Morris., Enhui Jiang., Junhua Zhang., Yongtao Cao., Paul Carling., Kaidao Fu., Qingchao Guo, Rollin Hotchkiss., Christophe Peteuil., Tetsuya Sumi., Hsiao-Wen Wang., Zhongmei Wang., Zhilin Wei., Baosheng Wu., Caiping Wu., and Chih Ted Yang. (2014). Sustainable sediment management in reservoirs and regulated rivers: Experiences from five continents, Earth’s Future.
27. Jihn-Sung Lai., Hsieh W. Shen. (1996). Flushing sediment through reservoirs, Journal of Hydraulic Research.
28. Tolouie, E. (1993). Reservoir Sedimentation and De-siltation, Ph.D. Thesis, U. Birmingham, U.K.
29. Yong G. Lai. (2008). SRH-2D version 2: Theory and User’s Manual., U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado.
30. Yong G. Lai. (2010). Scour analysis upstream of the san acacia diversion dam on the rio grande, U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado.
31. Yong G. Lai. (2014). Modeling of Delta Erosion during Elwha Dam Removal with SRH-2D, U.S. Department of the InteriorBureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado.