本論文以可程式化的數位控制實現電荷平衡模式之電壓回授控制型切換式降壓直流直流轉換器。穩態時，由PID補償器來穩定輸出電壓；在暫態時，會由電荷平衡模式接手控制，達到加速暫態響應的效果。電荷平衡模式可以同時操作在負載變動與動態電壓調節(Dynamic Voltage Scaling, DVS)。首先，本文介紹一種藉由需要快速高解析度的類比數位轉換器(Analog-to-digital converter, ADC)來完成計算型電荷平衡控制；另外，亦採用較慢速的類比數位轉換器配合自動調控機制達成暫態加速效果。
本文透過MATLAB Simulink/ Modelsim共同模擬及FPGA搭配PCB佈局來實證計算型電荷平衡模式和自動調控型電荷平衡模式，轉換器輸入及輸出電壓分別設定為3.3V及0.9-1.8V，在負載變動及動態電壓調節下，藉由提出的方法可以看出暫態時間皆可在5μs以內完成。

Abstract—In this thesis, a programmable voltage-based charge balance control (CBC) implemented on a buck converter is presented. The proposed CBC simultaneously optimizes both load transient and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) to minimize output voltage spikes and settling time. During steady state, a voltage mode PID compensator is applied to stabilize output voltage. During load or DVS transient, the proposed CBC takes over the control. Firstly, this paper introduces a computational method that needs a high resolution analog-to-digital (ADC) converter to achieve better CBC performance. Secondly, an auto-tuning mechanism is introduced to achieve the same performance but using lower spec ADC. Both CBCs were tested on the MATLAB Simulink/ Modelsim co-simulation platform to verify the effectiveness of transient response. The proposed algorithms (CBC and Auto tuning) are implemented on a FPGA board for controlling a Buck converter. Simulation and experimental results show that the output voltage (Vout) spontaneously follows the DVS command at various Vout levels (from 0.9V to 1.8V) within 5s.
Keywords: Auto tuning, charge balance control (CBC), dynamic voltage scaling (DVS)

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