本文主旨為利用試驗研究捲浪型態孤立波通過不透水斜坡式海堤之波浪
特性變化，包含孤立波之演化過程、衝擊海堤、溯升及越波。其中孤立波碎波
撞擊海堤可依碎波位置分為碎波波頭前進撞擊海堤、直接撞擊及直接越波等三
種類型。此外，本試驗更利用改變相對入射波高比較波浪演化後衝擊海堤與越
波現象之差異性，包括作用於堤面上之波壓分布、波壓時序列及相同位置波高
計所測得之波高時序列。而各波壓測點所測得之最大波壓資料並依不同水深條
件之結果探討其趨勢及差異處。波浪溯升及越波量測資料也與前人研究進行比
較討論。
試驗結果發現於相同位置所量測到之水位與波壓時序列資料，除動量瞬間
傳遞至堤面所產生之動壓力會導致最大值於不同時間發生，然而整體而言水位
具有與波壓相同之變化趨勢。並顯示無海堤溯升高度與前人經驗公式比較下最
大僅有3%之差異，然而如置放海堤於斜坡上，在同樣波浪條件下可有效減少
地溯升高度達20%。最後針對總越波量進行探討無因次越波量對無因次越波波
高之影響。

The main objective of this paper is to experimentally investigate the
fluid-structure interaction between a plunging breaking solitary wave impinging and
overtopping a smooth impermeable sloping seawall. The incident waves with
different wave nonlinearity and freeboard in the present experiments can be
categorized as three types: (1) a turbulent bore rushing inland and subsequently
impacting and overtopping on the seawall, (2) a plunging breaking wave directly
impinging and then overturning on the seawall and (3) a wave straightforwardly
overturning over the seawall. Detailed measurements on free surface evolution,
dynamic impact pressure, total overtopping discharge and subsequent run-up
behaviors in the vicinity of seawall are systematically reported. Qualitative
laboratory information by using the high-speed camera photography are also
undertaken to observe detailed wave evolution courses. The maximum impact
pressure distribution with regard to all cases on the seawall are examined and
discussed. The kinematic properties of run-up and total overtopping discharge are
also discussed by comparing against the available empirical formulae.
Based on our analyses, it is found that the time history of dynamic pressure has
an inclination to that of local free surface elevation except the instant of wave
impingement. In addition, we also found that the presence of seawall can
approximately reduce 20 % the maximum run-up height compared to the case
where the seawall is absence. Eventually the total overtopping discharge is
summarized and is compared with the available model. Fairly good agreements are
achieved.

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