有機磷農藥更是佔了全世界農藥使用量的50%，而陶斯松(Chlorpyrifos)是目前於全球使用最廣泛之有機磷農藥(OP)，且陶斯松被歸類為第二級的農藥，與許多癌症及神經疾病相關。目前有關於陶斯松之採樣方法根據NIOSH及OSHA之標準方法均為使用OVS-2採樣器進行勞工個人暴露採樣。但由於吸入效率未知，且氣、粒像合併分析僅能得到總濃度，因此未能探討農藥製造業勞工之不同相態之陶斯松暴露。同時農藥製造業勞工對於陶斯松之暴露實態及體內劑量仍缺乏完善資料，因此對勞工進行詳細劃分暴露濃度種類之暴露評估，並建立農藥製造業勞工暴露及體內劑量之相關性有其必要性。因此本研究擬使用三種採樣器進行勞工個人暴露採樣，藉由呼吸道暴露量及生物偵測之結果評估採樣器適用性，建立個人暴露劑量與體內劑量之相關性。本研究陶斯松之個人暴露透過OVS-2、IFV-PRO及Marple進行勞工陶斯松個人呼吸暴露量之採樣，以其中的玻璃纖維濾紙(Glass Fiber Filters)及XAD-2吸附劑，捕集勞工於農藥製造廠空氣中工作時段中的氣、粒相陶斯松濃度。由Marple之結果進行粒徑分布，並推估不同呼吸區之暴露濃度。生物偵測是利用尿液之收集，分析尿中陶斯松代謝物3,5,6TCPy，以陶斯松呼吸暴露量結合生物偵測結果之尿中TCPy濃度並比較採樣器之適用性，同時得到勞工實際呼吸暴露量及個人暴露劑量與體內劑量之相關性。
在農藥製造廠之陶斯松粒劑區及乳劑區進行勞工個人暴露採樣及生物偵測後，發現勞工個人暴露為粒劑區大於乳劑區，OVS-2及IFV-PRO兩種採樣器所得到之總濃度於粒劑區及乳劑區均無統計上之顯著差異。尿中TCPy濃度結果為乳劑區大於粒劑區，與暴露濃度之結果相反。由暴露與體內劑量之多元回歸分析可發現原因是氣象濃度對尿中TCPy之貢獻大於粒相陶斯松濃度。利用Marple所得到的粒劑區粒徑分布可以發現三個作業區均為細微粒之暴露為主(60~70%)，裝填區部分因為製程使顆粒有再揚起之狀況發生，相較於封袋及包裝有較高的頭區暴露比例(20%)。在暴露與體內劑量之結果中，可以發現透過多元回歸分析之結果，總濃度與尿中TCPy之相關性非常差(R2<0.1)，但若將總濃度分為氣、粒相濃度兩種相態，與尿中TCPy進行多元回歸則會有較佳之結果(R2=0.71)。由本研究之結果可知，使用IFV-PRO將氣相及粒相之陶斯松在推估你內劑量時能有較佳之結果，相較於標準方法之採樣器OVS-2更適合農藥製造業之環境。

This study examines the exposure of workers in the pesticide manufacturing industry to Chlorpyrifos, a widely used organophosphorus pesticide. The current sampling method using the OVS-2 sampler has limitations in assessing different forms of chlorpyrifos exposure. The study utilizes three samplers (OVS-2, IFV-PRO, and Marple) to evaluate personal exposure and establish correlations with internal doses. Results show higher exposure in the granule area compared to the emulsion area, and the IFV-PRO sampler provides better estimates of internal doses. The study emphasizes the need for gas phase exposure levels and recommends the IFV-PRO sampler for either the pesticide manufacturing industry environment or building the correlation between exposure concentration and chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6TCPy in urine.

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