受到目前世界景氣影響，各行各業面臨相當大的生存與競爭壓力，許多公司為了撙節人力成本,利用現有人力實施高工時的情況越來越普遍，使得現代人缺少排解壓力的時間，也容易忽略自身的身體狀況。日積月累後常會出現失眠、憂鬱、躁鬱……等不良的身心症狀。若能適時的調整壓力並及時疏解身心的疲乏，使身體生理發揮正常功能，也使大腦隨時保持敏捷的思考能力，如此身心內外的和諧一致才能處理每天龐大的工作量，並進而提高個人工作效率或生產力，以創造更大的經濟效益。因此，保持身體的健康是現代人最基礎也是最重要的課題。而為了達到保健身體及診查病情的目的，可利用科技儀器探測人體生理參數及生理訊息以協助醫護人員對身體狀況做出較快速與較正確的判斷。人體生理參數當中的末梢血流，可由光體積變化描計圖(photoplethysmography, PPG)系統上的感測元件量測，其中帶有很多生理訊息，如呼吸速率、心跳速率以及心率變異度。量測上，僅需配戴一組夾式感測器，相對於必須由貼片才能量測的生理訊號如，心電訊號、肌電訊號、胃電訊號等，末梢血流的量測較不容易造成使用者配戴的不適感，再考量到以往訊號傳輸時受到線材的限制，必須將使用者限制於一個特定的範圍內。有鑑於此，本研究量測末梢血流訊號並透過ZigBee無線網路傳輸，由使用者自身攜帶的感測端量測到PPG訊號後，直接將資料傳送至協調器(coordinate device)再經由RS232傳送至電腦端後，利用LabVIEW分析，最後將分析出來的訊號與基本狀態做比對，判斷目前壓力情形，讓使用者得知目前自身狀態。最後由填寫的情境焦慮量表(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory；STAI)以及NASA工作負荷量表，透過量表分數與本系統做相關性比較，用以驗證本系統的可靠度。

Affected by the global economic recession, many companies face enormous challenge on surviving than ever. In order to reduce the man power cost, most companies usually get a plan of long working hours for their employee instead of employing more workers. For this reason, employees are forced to work harder and spend more time on jobs, and then they have less time to relax and take a good care of themselves. If the stress is accumulated over a long period, it may bring about melancholia or insomnia that may cause body in poor condition. This leads to the low quality of life and high mental stress, which could impair our creativity or lower the effectiveness of working. Therefore, Learning about how to relax is important for good healthy. But, how can we realize whether the stress is out of our control? Several studies demonstrated that the degree of stress is largely influenced by physiological signal. Obviously, an instrument which can measure our physiological signal is required. Through the obtained physiological information, medical workers can make a correct diagnose quickly.
The goal of this study is to develop a photoplethysmography (PPG) system to determine the variation of peripheral blood flow which is closely related to physiological information such as respiration rate, heart rate and heart rate variety. What we need is a tiny PPG system clipped on our index finger. Other physiological parameters such as ECG, EMG, or EGG need electrode pad attaching on user’s skin while measuring. PPG is easier and more comfort for user to wear, when compared with those. In addition, the type of data transmission is another consideration. We used to acquire transmitting data by wire, but it only can be experimented in a tiny room. In this paper, we study on the use of ZigBee wireless network as a transmitting system to measure PPG signal. The system would be performed as follows. Firstly, as soon as the signal of PPG is detected, the data is transmitted to coordinate. Secondly, PC takes these data from coordinate via a serial port (RS232) and the acquired data was assessed using LabVIEW. Thirdly, LabVIEW would distinguishes and display the difference between pressure levels. Lastly, it sends a massage which contains body situation to the users.
We also use anxiety scale state (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory STAI) and workload state (NASA) to verify the measured results. A high correlation of our system with the mentioned two states is obtained.

[1] 台北市政府衛生局，「專題文章：壓力調適與情緒管理」，社區心理衛生中心，2012。
[2] T. H. Holmes and R. H. Rahe, "The Social Readjustment Rating Scale," Journal of Psychosomatic Research, vol. 11, pp. 212-218, 1967.
[3] S. T. Young, W. K. Wang, L. S. Chang, and T. S. Kuo, “The Spectrum Study of Blood Pressure during the Disturbance of Organic Vascular Beds and Their Explanations,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, vol. 12, pp. 651-657, 1989.
[4] H. Selye, “The Stress of Life,” New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1956.
[5] H. Selye, “The Stress of Life,” Oxford, England Mcgraw Hill, 1978.
[6] T. P. Summers, T. A. DeCotiis, and A. S. DeNisi, “A field study of some antecedents and consequences of felt job stress,” In Rick Crandall, Pamela L Perrewe ed. Occupational Stress: A Handbook. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, pp.38-47, 1995.
[7] B. S. McEwen and E. Stellar, “Stress and the Individual Mechanisms Leading to Disease,” Arch Intern ed. vol. 153, pp. 2092-2101, 1993.
[8] E. Vanderhoof and J. Clancy, “Peripheral blood flow as an indicator of emotional reaction,” J. Appl. Physiol, vol. 17, pp. 67-70, 1962.
[9] 王唯工，「氣的樂章」，大塊文化，2004。
[10] 王唯工，「水的漫舞」，大塊文化，2010。
[11] 王唯工，「氣血的弦律」，大塊文化，2010。
[12] 王唯工，「氣的大合唱」，大塊文化，2011。
[13] A. C. Burton, “The range and variability of the blood flow in the human fingers and the vasomotor regulation by body temperature,” American Physiological Society, pp.472-453, 1939.
[14] M. G. Taylor, “An Approach to the Analysis of the Arterial Pulse wave II. Fluid Oscillations in an Elastic Tube,” Phys. Med. Biol., pp.321-329, 1966.
[15] M. F. O’Rourke and A. Avolio, “Pulsatile flow and pressure in human systemic arteries. Studies in man and in a multibranched model of the human systemic arterial tree,” Circ Res, vol. 46, pp. 363–372, 1980.
[16] M. Nitzan, A. Babchenko, D. Shemesh and J. Alberton, “Influence of thoracic sympathectomy on cardiac induced oscillations in tissue blood volume,” Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, pp.579-583, 2001.
[17] Springerimages, “Photoplethysmograph (PPG) waveform,” Springerimages, 2012.

[18] 林育德，「脈波信號與PPG信號特徵之相關性研究」，中醫藥年報，第一冊 28期，361-388頁，2010。
[19] J. P. Saul, Y. Arai, R.D. Berger, L.S. Lilly, W.S. Colucci and R.J. Cohen, “Assessment of autonomic regulation in chronic congestive heart failure by heart rate spectral analysis,” American Journal of Cardiology, vol.61, pp.1292-1299, 1988.
[20] 台灣科學地，「身心健康的支柱─自律神經系統」，台灣科學地，2011。
[21] V. Shusterman and O. Barnea, “Sympathetic nervous system activity in stress and biofeedback relaxation,” IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, pp.52-57, 2005.
[22] K. Narita, “Interactions among higher trait anxiety, sympathetic activity, and endothelial function in the elderly,” Journal of Psychiatric Research, pp.418-427, 2007.
[23] 劉威廷，「以PPG 實現多訊息生理參數之測量與評估」，碩士論文，逢甲大學，2009。
[24] F. C. Chang, Y. D. Lin, C. C. Chiu and J. G. Chang, "Variations of HRV Analysis inDifferent Approaches," Computers in Cardiology, Durham, North Carolina,pp.17-20, 2007.
[25] ZigBee Alliance, “ ZigBee Wireless Sensor Applications for Health, Wellness and Fitness,” ZigBee Alliance, 2009.
[26] E. Jovanov, A. Milenkovic, C. Otto and P.C. de Groen, “A wireless body area network of intelligent motion sensors for computer assisted physical rehabilitation,” Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, vol. 2, pp1-6, 2005.
[27] A. Milenkovic’, C. Otto and E. Jovanov, “Wireless sensor networks for personal health monitoring: Issues and an implementation,” Journal of Computer Communication, pp. 2521-2533, 2006.
[28] M. R. Yuce, “Implementation of wireless body area networks for healthcare systems,” Sensors and Actuators, vol. 162, pp.116-129, 2010.
[29] D. Gislason, “ZigBee Wireless Networking,” Newnes, 2006.
[30] 戴毓廷，「生理訊號擷取系統」，財團法人國家實驗研究院晶片系統設計中心電子報，107期，3-8頁，2009。
[31] B. C. Baker，「資料擷取系統最佳濾波器的選擇與設計原理」，德州儀器，2008。
[32] 魏嘉玲，「生醫類比IC設計」，成功大學上課講義，2010。
[33] OKAWA ELETRIC DESIGN, “Twin-T Notch Filter Design Tool,” OKAWA, 2012.
[34] Intelligent Data Extraction Algorithm, “Photoplethysmograph,” IDEA™, 2012.
[35] Nonin, “Fingertip: ipod Digital Oximeter and Sensor All-In-One,” Nonin, 2012.
[36] S. Farahani, “ZigBee Wireless Networks and Transceivers”, 2008.
[37] M. K. Park, N. Satoh and M. Kumashiro, “Mental Workload under Time Pressure can Trigger Frequent Hot Flashes in Menopausal Women,” Industrial Health vol. 46, pp. 261–268, 2008.
[38] C. Kirschbaum, K. M. Pirke and D. H. Hellhammer, “The 'Trier Social Stress Test'—a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting,” Neuropsychobiology, vol. 28, pp. 76-81, 1993.
[39] 潘同菋，「解碼中醫 第三章 積習難改-臟腑病影響經絡」，2008。
[40] G. Langereis, “Photoplethysmography (PPG) system,” V. 2, 2010.