奈米滴管（Nanopipette）廣泛應用於電生理研究、顯微注射（Microinjection）、電化學分析與掃描探針顯微術（Scanning probe microscopy technique），通常是由玻璃或石英毛細管透過雷射或鎢絲拉針器拉製而成，藉由參數的調整可以獲得適合的管壁厚度及開口大小，使得不同幾何形狀之奈米滴管有許多不同的用途。高靈敏度與高空間解析度為奈米電極於局部電化學量測中的重要優勢，為了達到上述之特性，必須對奈米滴管進行改質，因此在本研究中主要製備兩種類型之功能化奈米滴管，分別是（1）矽烷化奈米滴管：作為日後製備具有高靈敏度及專一性感測器之基礎，主要是將3-氨基丙基三甲氧基矽烷（APTMS）氣相修飾於奈米滴管內表面，作為固定生物分子之橋梁；（2）奈米碳電極（Carbon nanopipetts，CNPs）：利用簡單、快速且成本較低的裝置，將丁烷氣體泵送至奈米滴管內並於奈米滴管尖端處燃燒，在其內部沉積熱解碳以形成實心盤型奈米碳電極，電極將應用於電化學分析。使用掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）及電化學分析儀鑑定奈米滴管之幾何形狀及電化學性質，得到與未修飾之奈米滴管相反之離子電流整流趨勢。為了獲得掃描離子電導顯微鏡（SICM）之偵測極限，使用鉻/金薄膜作為檢測樣品，從結果得知，奈米滴管探針之孔徑尺寸越小之奈米滴管探針，形貌影像解析度越高。後續將開發將SICM與掃描電化學顯微鏡（SECM）聯用系統，使用雙通道奈米碳電極作為探針，以利同時得到樣品形貌及電化學成像。

Nanopipettes with a tip opening in the nanoscale regime have found significant applications in diverse research fields, ranging from electrophysiological studies, electrochemical analysis, microinjection and electrospray apparatus. These pipettes are typically fabricated by using a laser puller to heat and pull a capillary tube into two identical pipettes at once. By using capillary tubes with suitable wall thicknesses and diameters, pipettes with various geometries can be obtained for different applications. To further extend the application of nanopipettes as a reliable sensing probe, appropriate pipette modifications are inventible and are crucial to whether an effective detection method that can offer high sensitivity, specificity and spatial resolution can be successfully established. Herein, we focused on the fabrication of two types of functionalized nanopipettes, namely (1) silylated nanopipettes for bioanalysis and (2) carbon nanopipettes (CNPs) for nanoscale electrochemical analysis. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical analyzer were applied for the determination of the exact geometry and electrochemical properties of nanopipettes. To obtain detection limit of scanning ion conductance microscopy, we utilize metal film for test sample. According to our results, it was found that when the pore size of nanopipettes decrease, the resolution of image increase. After that, we employed double-barrel CNPs as SICM-SECM probes which can be used for simultaneously topographical and electrochemical imaging.

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