本論文主要在探討居家服務型機器人之同步定位與地圖建立(SLAM) 及避障策略的建立及實現。首先，本篇論文介紹結合Rao-Blackwellised粒子濾波器與ICP演算法以實現SLAM之系統，機器人在陌生的環境下可透過雷射測距儀所回傳的距離資訊以學習環境地圖，其中ICP演算法藉由疊代的過程以修正前一時刻地圖與下一時刻觀測資訊之間的轉換式，而Rao-Blackwellised粒子濾波器則為一穩健的解決SLAM的方法，用於處理非線性及非高斯的狀態空間模型上。Q-學習法則應用於四輪獨立轉向四輪獨立驅動系統(4WIS4WID)移動平台上，以實現機器人導航時之避障功能。藉由此學習過程，機器人得以平順且安全的方式在環境中移動。最後將融合以上所提出的方法，透過在實驗室的實驗結果以及 2014 RoboCup日本公開賽居家組的Restaurant項目的比賽成績以驗證SLAM系統和策略系統的可行性與效益。

This thesis mainly discusses the design and implementation of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and obstacle avoidance strategies for home service robots. The SLAM system is first built using the Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter (RBPF) method and Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. The robot learns the map for an unknown environment through information on the distance received by a laser range finder. The ICP algorithm estimates the pose of the robot by iteratively revising the transformation from the prior map to the posterior observation. The RBPF method is a robust way to solve the SLAM problem, which can deal with both the nonlinear and non-Gaussian state space model. Secondly, Q-learning is applied to the four wheel independent steering and four wheel independent driven (4WIS4WID) platform for obstacle avoidance during navigation. After the learning step, the robot navigates smoothly through the environment away from dangers. In the end, the methods mentioned above are implemented in the experimental results in the laboratory and in the competition, Restaurant Mission, in robot@home league at RoboCup Japan Open 2014. The validity and efficiency of the SLAM system and strategy system for the home service robot are demonstrated.

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