隨著全球能源轉型與淨零碳排政策的推動，太陽光電系統已成為提升再生能源比重的重要策略之一。臺灣透天住宅因產權單純、屋主自主性高，成為安裝太陽能系統的理想場域。然而，住宅太陽光電的建置方式主要分為「自建」與「廠商租賃」兩種模式，如何選擇最適合的方案，仍需從經濟效益、技術構面及風險與政策因素等多層面進行評估。
本研究採用層級分析法（AHP），並結合太陽能模擬軟體PVsyst，評估自建與租賃模式的建置策略。研究首先透過文獻回顧與專家訪談確立評估構面，包含（1）經濟效益：投資成本、投資回收期與維護成本；（2）技術構面：維護保養、設備可靠度與系統安全性；（3）風險與政策：自然災害、投資風險、政府能源政策及地區日照條件。透過AHP專家問卷調查與PVsyst模擬發電量，進一步量化兩種模式並進行優劣比較。
研究結果顯示，自建模式雖然初始投資較高，但可享有政府補助與電費節省，長期回報較佳；而租賃模式則適合不願投入高額資金、但希望降低維護責任的住戶。此外，影響住戶選擇的關鍵因素包括政策誘因、初始成本、投資回收期及屋主的環保意識。本研究可作為政府制定太陽能推廣政策與業者市場策略的參考，進一步提高透天住宅太陽光電系統的普及率，促進臺灣再生能源發展。

With the global shift toward sustainable energy and net-zero carbon policies, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have become a key strategy for expanding renewable energy deployment. In Taiwan, detached houses—with simple property structures and high homeowner autonomy—are particularly well-suited for solar PV installations. However, residential PV adoption primarily follows two models: self-financing and vendor leasing. Selecting the optimal model requires evaluating economic benefits, technical factors, risks, and policy influences.
This study applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), integrated with the solar simulation software PVsyst, to assess self-financing and vendor leasing strategies. The evaluation framework, developed through a literature review and expert interviews, includes three dimensions: (1) economic benefits—investment costs, payback period, and maintenance expenses; (2) technical aspects—reliability, safety, and maintenance; and (3) risks and policies—natural disasters, investment risks, government incentives, and solar conditions. An expert survey using AHP and PVsyst simulations was conducted to quantify and compare the models.
Results indicate that while self-financing requires a higher initial investment, it benefits from government subsidies and electricity cost savings, providing better long-term returns. In contrast, leasing is more suitable for homeowners preferring lower upfront costs and less maintenance. Key decision factors include policy incentives, capital investment, payback period, and environmental awareness. The study offers practical insights for policymakers and industry, promoting solar PV adoption in detached houses and advancing Taiwan’s renewable energy goals.

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