在傳統使用單一電流感測器重建三相電流應用中，由於空間向量調變法本身的開關調變組態，將造成在某些區域缺乏足夠的量測時間。為了改善此問題，本論文分別在低調變區使用量測向量插入法，在高調變區則採用無零電壓向量法，有效地結合兩種方法的優點，使系統有更佳的操作性與穩定性。量測向量插入法雖可有效增加低調變區時重建電流之範圍，但需於開關調變週期中插入量測向量，使得在高調變區時調變率受到限制。反觀，無零電壓向量法則可在較高的調變區重建三相電流，但在低調變區時，卻容易因為量測向量時間的不足而無法重建三相電流。為了討論各種電流重建技術方法的差異，本論文利用Matlab/simulink軟體建立模擬環境，並討論可量測範圍之大小。除了電腦模擬討論之外，本論文以自行設計之永磁同步馬達驅動控制器為實驗平台進行各項實驗。實驗結果顯示，本論文所提出的單一直流鏈電流感測元件重建相電流技術比其它方法能獲得更大的電流重建範圍。

In the application of conventional three-phase current reconstruction methods using a single DC-link current shunt, due to the self-switch configuration of space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), the problem of insufficient measuring time in certain regions occurs. In order to circumvent this difficulty, in this thesis the measurement vector insertion method (MVIM) is employed in the low-modulation region, while in the high-modulation region the PWM without null switching states method (NSVM) is adopted. The advantages of both methods are effectively exploited so as to enhance the maneuverability and stability of the system. In particular, the current reconstruction area in the low-modulation region is broadened by adopting the MVIM; however, the measurement vector inserted in the switch period constrains the modulation rate in the high modulation region. In contrast, the NSVM increases the current reconstruction area in the high-modulation region. However, the NSVM may fail to reconstruct the three phase current in the low modulation region because of insufficient measuring time. The thesis uses Matlab/Simulink to construct a simulation environment in order to investigate the differences between various current construction methods as well as the size of measurement range. In addition to computer simulation, a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive developed in this thesis is used as an experimental platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a wider current reconstruction range than those of other methods.

[1] S.-H. Song, J.-W. Choi, and S.-K. Sul, “Current measurements in digitally controlled AC drives,” Industry Applications Magazine, IEEE, vol. 6, pp. 51-62, 2000.
[2] H.-S. Jung, S.-H. Hwang, J.-M. Kim, C.-U. Kim, and C. Choi, “Diminution of current-measurement error for vector-controlled ac motor drives,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 42, pp. 1249-1256, 2006.
[3] T. G. Habetler and D. M. Divan, “Control strategies for direct torque control using discrete pulse modulation,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 27, pp. 893-901, 1991.
[4] Y. Xue, X. Xu, T. Habetler, and D. Divan, “A low cost stator flux oriented voltage source variable speed drive,” IEEE Conference on Industry Applications Society, pp. 410-415, 1990.
[5] J. Moynihan, R. Kavanagh, M. Egan, and J. Murphy, “Indirect phase current detection for field oriented control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive,” Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, pp. 641-641,1992.
[6] J.-I. Ha, “Current prediction in vector-controlled PWM inverters using single dc-link current sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, pp. 716-726, 2010.
[7] T. M. Wolbank and P. E. Macheiner, “Current-controller with single DC link current measurement for inverter-fed AC machines based on an improved observer-structure,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 19, pp. 1562-1567, 2004.
[8] L. Ying and N. Ertugrul, “A novel estimation of phase currents from DC link for permanent magnet AC motors,” Conference on IEEE International Electrical and Electronic Technology, pp. 606-612, 2001.
[9] J. Moynihan, S. Bolognani, R. Kavanagh, M. Egan, and J. Murphy, “Single sensor current control of AC servodrives using digital signal processors,” Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, pp. 415-421, 1993.
[10] M.-J. Y. Joo, Hwi-Beom Shin, Hyeong-Gil, “Estimation of phase currents from a DC-link current sensor using space vector PWM method,” Electric Machines &Power Systems, vol. 28, pp. 1053-1069, 2000.
[11] M. Riese, “Phase current reconstruction of a three-phase voltage source inverter fed drive using a sensor in the dc link,” Conference on Power Conversion and Intelligent Motion, 1996.
[12] F. Blaabjerg, J. K. Pedersen, U. Jaeger, and P. Thoegersen, “Single current sensor technique in the DC link of three-phase PWM-VS inverters: a review and a novel solution,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 33, pp. 1241-1253, 1997.
[13] F. Blaabjerg and J. K. Pedersen, “An ideal PWM-VSI inverter using only one current sensor in the DC-link,” 1994.
[14] H. Kim and T. M. Jahns, “Phase current reconstruction for AC motor drives using a DC link single current sensor and measurement voltage vectors,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 21, pp. 1413-1419, 2006.
[15] W.-C. Lee, D.-S. Hyun, and T.-K. Lee, “A novel control method for three-phase PWM rectifiers using a single current sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 15, pp. 861-870, 2000.
[16] W.-C. Lee, T.-K. Lee, and D.-S. Hyun, “Comparison of single-sensor current control in the DC link for three-phase voltage-source PWM converters,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 48, pp. 491-505, 2001.
[17] H.-S. Ryu, H.-S. Yoo, and J.-I. Ha, “Carrier-based signal injection method for harmonic suppression in PWM inverter using single DC-link current sensor,” Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics, pp. 2700-2705, 2006.
[18] J.-I. Ha, “Voltage injection method for three-phase current reconstruction in PWM inverters using a single sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,, vol. 24, pp. 767-775, 2009.
[19] Y. Gu, F. Ni, D. Yang, and H. Liu, “A novel phase current reconstruction method using a single DC-link current sensor,” Conference on International Mechatronics and Automation, pp. 4874-4879, 2009.
[20] Y. Gu, F. Ni, D. Yang, and H. Liu, “Switching-State Phase Shift Method for Three-Phase-Current Reconstruction With a Single DC-Link Current Sensor,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, pp. 5186-5194, 2011.
[21] Y.-S. Lai, Y.-K. Lin, and C.-W. Chen, “New hybrid pulse-width modulation technique to reduce current distortion and extend current reconstruction range for three-phase inverter using only DC-link sensor,” 2012.
[22] Y.-S. Lai, “Investigations into the effects of PWM techniques on common mode voltage for inverter-controlled induction motor drives,” Conference on IEEE Power Engineering Society, pp. 35-40, 1999.
[23] Y.-S. Lai and F.-S. Shyu, “Optimal common-mode voltage reduction PWM technique for inverter control with consideration of the dead-time effects-part i: basic development,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 40, pp. 1605-1612, 2004.
[24] Y.-S. Lai, P.-S. Chen, H.-K. Lee, and J. Chou, “Optimal common-mode voltage reduction PWM technique for inverter control with consideration of the dead-time effects-part II: applications to IM drives with diode front end,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 40, pp. 1613-1620, 2004.
[25] H. Kim and T. M. Jahns, “Current control for AC motor drives using a single DC-link current sensor and measurement voltage vectors,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 42, pp. 1539-1547, 2006.
[26] H. Kim and T. M. Jahns, “Integration of the Measurement Vector Insertion Method (MVIM) with Discontinuous PWM for Enhanced Single Current Sensor Operation,” Conference on IEEE Industry Applications, pp. 2459-2465, 2006.
[27] H. Kim and T. M. Jahns, “Phase current reconstruction for AC motor drives using a DC link single current sensor and measurement voltage vectors,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 21, pp. 1413-1419, 2006.
[28] 申秉弘，永磁無刷馬達之新型無轉軸偵測器定位控制與其應用，碩士論文，國立成功大學機械工程學系，2002。
[29] 劉昌煥、許溢适，AC 伺服系統的理論與設計實務，文笙書局，1992。
[30] A. M. Trzynadlowski and S. Legowski, “Minimum-loss vector PWM strategy for three-phase inverters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 9, pp. 26-34, 1994.
[31] H. W. Van Der Broeck, H.-C. Skudelny, and G. V. Stanke, “Analysis and realization of a pulsewidth modulator based on voltage space vectors,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 24, pp. 142-150, 1988.
[32] S. J. Henriksen, R. E. Betz, and B. J. Cook, “Digital hardware implementation of a current controller for IM variable-speed drives,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 35, pp. 1021-1029, 1999.
[33] 巫昌圜，內藏式永磁同步馬達弱磁控制於電動載具速度提升之探討與實現，碩士論文，國立成功大學電機工程學系，2004。
[34] 劉昌煥，交流電機控制向量控制與直接轉矩控制原理，東華書局，1998。
[35] 陳正虎，應用新一代數位信號處理器於感應馬達直接轉矩控制之研究，碩士論文，國立成功大學機械工程學系，1999。
[36] 羅銘翔，永磁同步馬達調速驅動系統於跑步機之研製，碩士論文，國立成功大學電機工程學系，2007。
[37] T. M. Jahns, “Motion control with permanent-magnet AC machines,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 82, pp. 1241-1252, 1994.
[38] R. Parekh, “VF control of 3-phase induction motor using space vector modulation,” Microchip Technology Inc., AN955, USA, 2005.
[39] 劉子瑜，基於弦波電流驅動於永磁同步馬達電流迴路控制之研究，碩士論文，國立成功大學電機工程學系，2009。
[40] C. Waters, “Current transformers provide accurate, isolated measurements,” Power conversion & intelligent motion, 1986.
[41] http://www.cpu.com.tw/kh/sensor/lem/urd-2.pdf‎
[42] http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transformer/current-transformer.html
[43] E. H. Hall, “On a new action of the magnet on electric currents,” American Journal of Mathematics, vol. 2, pp. 287-292, 1879.
[44] E. Ramsden, Hall-effect sensors: theory and application: Newnes, 2011.
[45] https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/霍爾效應
[46] http://www.ineltek.com/de/files/Current_Transformers&Sensors.pdf
[47] http://www.europowercomponents.com/media/uploads/lts6-np.pdf
[48] http://www.allegromicro.com/
[49] P. A. Bode, “Current measurement applications handbook,” ed: Zetex, 2008.
[50] 黃建瑋，切換式磁阻馬達應用於家電產品之研究，碩士論文，國立宜蘭大學機械與機電工程學系， 2010。
[51] http://www.100y.com.tw/pdf_file/30-DALE-LVR.pdf
[52] http://www.ohmite.com/cat/res_mcs.pdf
[53] J. Lepkowski, “Motor control sensor feedback circuits,” Microchip Application Note No: AN894, 2003.
[54] Y. Zhen, “Current Sensing Circuit Concepts and Fundamentals,” Microchip Application Note No: AN1332, 2011.
[55] 賴炎生、林詠凱，“僅單一電麼感測器的變頻器三相電流重建技術”，台灣電力電子學會第九屆學術研討會暨展覽會論文集，中正大學，2010。
[56] http://www.mitsubishielectric.com/
[57] H. Saadat, Power system analysis: WCB/McGraw-Hill Singapore, 1999.
[58] L. Yen-Shin, L. Yong-Kai, and C. Chih-Wei, “New Hybrid Pulsewidth Modulation Technique to Reduce Current Distortion and Extend Current Reconstruction Range for a Three-Phase Inverter Using Only DC-link Sensor,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 28, pp. 1331-1337, 2013.