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研究生: 潘志誠
Pan, Chin-Cheng
論文名稱: 低損耗微波介電材料(Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8及其在無線通訊元件之應用
Low-Loss Microwave Dielectrics Using (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8 and Their Applications for Wireless Communication Components
指導教授: 黃正亮
Huang, Cheng-Liang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 139
中文關鍵詞: 低損耗微波介電材料無線通訊濾波器
外文關鍵詞: Low-loss, Microwave Dielectric Materials, wireless communication, filter
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  • 在此篇論文中主要介紹兩大部分,第一部份將介紹低損耗的介電材料,且嘗試添加燒結促進劑,降低其燒結溫度;第二部份將介紹其在被動元件之應用,並實作於不同基板上探討元件尺寸的改善。
    第一部份首先要介紹(Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8陶瓷系統之微波介電特性。由本實驗中可得知(Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8擁有最佳的微波介電特性,其介電係數為21.52,Q×f為130,000 GHz (at 9.07 GHz),且共振頻率之溫度飄移係數為–84 ppm/°C,但其燒結溫度達1180 °C,為了能應用於LTCC (低溫共燒陶瓷),故分別添加不同燒結促進劑CuO和B2O3以降低其燒結溫度,並探討添加後對其介電特性與材料之微結構是否產生影響。
    第二部份根據諧振器的耦合技術和結合方法,利用基本的端點耦合微帶線結構結合一具有半波長SIR結構的交錯耦合諧振器(操作在2.45 GHz)及半波長U型髮夾式諧振器(操作在5.2 GHz),設計一雙頻(2.45/5.2 GHz)帶通濾波器。由於止帶中產生三個傳輸零點,可有效改善濾波器的頻率響應,此雙頻帶通濾波器中心頻率操作在2.45 GHz及5.2 GHz適合應用於WLAN通訊系統中。最後,我們將此電路實作在FR4、Al2O3和(Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+3 wt% B2O3基板上,並量測其頻率響應。由量測的結果可得知,利用高介電係數及低損耗的材料做為電路基板時,確實能達到提升效能和縮小面積的需求。

    There are two main subjects in this thesis. First, we will discuss the low loss dielectric material, and try to add different sintering aids in order to decrease the sintering temperature. Second, there will be a discussion of passive components and improvement of circuit size in different substrates.
    First, the microwave dielectric properties of (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8 ceramic system have been investigated. The experiment results show that (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8 ceramics has the best properties. The dielectric constant of (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8 is 21.52, Q×f is 130,000 GHz (at 9.07 GHz), and τƒ is –84 ppm/°C. Nevertheless, the sintering temperature is 1180 °C. In order to decrease the sintering temperature for application to LTCC, we trying to add different sintering aids CuO and B2O3, respectively. And concern about whether the dielectric properties and microstructure would be affected by adding the sintering aids.
    Second, according to the coupling technique and the combination method. The basic end-coupled microstrip line structure is combined with a 2.45 GHz λ/2 cross coupling resonator and a 5.2 GHz λ/2 U-shaped hairpin resonator to design a dual-band (2.45/5.2 GHz) bandpass filter with three transmission zeros generated in the stop-bands to modify the response of the filter. The dual-band bandpass filter had the central frequencies of 2.45 and 5.2 GHz and was suitable for the applications in the WLAN communication system. Finally, the pattern was printed on FR4, Al2O3 and (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+3 wt% B2O3 substrates. By measured their frequency responses, using the substrates of high dielectric constant and low loss, which can improve the performance and reduce filter’s size.

    摘要 III Abstract V 誌謝 VII 目錄 IX 表目錄 XII 圖目錄 XIII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 研究目的 1 第二章 介電材料原理 3 2-1 陶瓷材料之微波介電特性 3 2-1-1 介電係數(Dielectric constant:εr) 3 2-1-2 介電品質因數(Quality factor:Q): 7 2-1-3 共振頻率之溫度係數(τf): 9 2-2 介電共振器(Dielectric Resonator, DR)原理 10 2-3 單斜晶系 14 2-4 材料的燒結 16 2-4-1 燒結的種類 16 2-4-2 材料燒結之擴散方式 18 2-4-3 材料燒結之過程 19 第三章 微帶線及濾波器原理 20 3-1 濾波器原理 20 3-1-1濾波器的簡介 20 3-1-2濾波器之通帶頻段及頻率響應 21 3-2 微帶線原理 25 3-2-1 微帶傳輸線的簡介 25 3-2-2 微帶線的傳輸模態 26 3-2-3 微帶線各項參數公式計算及考量 27 3-2-4 微帶線的不連續效應 30 3-2-5 微帶線的損失 37 3-3 微帶線諧振器種類 38 3-3-1 λ/4短路微帶線共振器 39 3-3-2 λ/2開路微帶線共振器 40 3-4 共振器間的耦合形式 42 3-4-1 電場耦合: 42 3-4-2 磁場耦合: 46 3-4-3 混和耦合: 50 3-5 步階阻抗諧振器 53 3-6 微帶線雙頻帶通濾波器 55 第四章 實驗程序與量測方法 61 4-1 微波介電材料的製備 61 4-1-1 粉末的製備與球磨 62 4-1-2 粉末的煆燒 62 4-1-3 粉末的混相調配 63 4-1-4 加入黏劑、過篩 63 4-1-5 壓模成型、去黏劑及燒結 63 4-2 微波介電材料的量測與分析 64 4-2-1 密度測量 64 4-2-2 X-Ray分析 64 4-2-3 SEM分析 65 4-2-4 介電特性量測與分析 65 4-2-5 共振頻率溫度飄移係數之測量 72 4-3 濾波器的製作與量測 73 第五章 實驗結果與討論 76 5-1 (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8(x=0.02–1)之微波介電特性 76 5-1-1 (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8之XRD分析結果 77 5-1-2(Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8之SEM分析結果 79 5-1-3 (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8之視密度分析結果 90 5-1-4 (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8之εr、Q×f分析結果 91 5-1-5 (Zn1–xMgx)3Nb2O8之τf分析結果 93 5-2 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8 添加CuO及B2O3之微波特性探討 95 5-2-1 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8添加燒結促進劑CuO之微波特性探討 96 5-2-1-1 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+CuO之XRD分析結果 96 5-2-1-2 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+CuO之SEM、Mean Grain Size分析結果 98 5-2-1-3 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+CuO之視密度分析結果 103 5-2-1-4 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+CuO之εr、Q×f分析結果 104 5-2-1-5 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+CuO之τf分析結果 106 5-2-2 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8添加燒結促進劑B2O3之微波特性探討 107 5-2-2-1 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+B2O3之XRD分析結果 107 5-2-2-2 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+B2O3之SEM、Mean Grain Size分析結果 109 5-2-2-3 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+B2O3之視密度分析結果 114 5-2-2-4 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+B2O3之εr、Q×f分析結果 115 5-2-2-5 (Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+B2O3之τf分析結果 118 5-2-2-6 ZMN+3 wt% B2O3與Ag共燒其接面之SEM影像及EDS線掃瞄 119 5-3 不同燒結促進劑對於(Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8之影響 120 5-4 濾波器的模擬與實作 123 5-4-1 使用FR4(玻璃纖維基板)之模擬與實作結果 124 5-4-2 使用Al2O3之模擬與實作結果 127 5-4-3 使用自製基板(Zn0.95Mg0.05)3Nb2O8+3 wt% B2O3之模擬與實作結果 130 第六章 結論 135 參考文獻 137

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