This research investigates the interaction of tsunami bore with vertical plates of varying stiffness, thickness, and height, employing both two-dimensional laboratory experiments and numerical modeling approaches. The experimental investigation was performed under three distinct wave conditions, capturing data on free surface elevation, horizontal force, and plate deformation. Velocity fields were captured using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for the case with Froude number, Fr = 1.62. The results revealed that the stiffer plates produced more pronounced bore reflections, leading to a more significant decrease in flow velocity in the vicinity of the plate. Nevertheless, once the free surface elevation reached a steady-state level, the variations in flow characteristics among the different plate material diminished. Time series analysis data for surface elevation, x-directional displacement (D), and hydrodynamic force showed that the peak force occurred shortly following the highest recorded surface elevation, while the maximum horizontal deformation of the plate followed later. These experimental findings were further examined through numerical simulations using solids4Foam, an FSI solver coupled with the k-ε turbulence model, which was validated against the experimental data. Parametric analyses demonstrated that reducing Young's modulus increased plate deformation but had a limited impact on force magnitude due to minimal changes in upstream surface elevation. In contrast, reducing plate thickness lowered surface elevation and significantly decreased the acting force, particularly for plates as thin as 5 mm. Increasing plate height resulted in the greatest deformation, higher surface elevation, and increased force.

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