全球衛星定位系統（Global Positioning System，GPS）目前已成為最重要的導航輔助系統，其應用不僅提供軍用或民用航具之導航，亦廣泛應用於測量、野外活動之定位、道路導引、緊急救援、保全…等。本論文主要為配合探空四號火箭之GPS酬載實驗，針對探空火箭高動態之特性，建立一DGPS量測系統，並利用後處理方式分析GPS接收訊號以提升探空火箭定位與軌跡重建精度。吾人先針對靜態接收GPS之觀測進行分析，對其接收訊號誤差來源進行探討，並根據探空火箭高動態之特性，採用擴展式卡爾曼濾波器，以提升探空火箭定位精度。

The Global Positioning System（GPS）has already become one of the most important navigation systems today. The thesis establishes a differential GPS (DGPS) correction system so as to be used in a sounding rocket experiment. The DGPS system is composed of a reference receiver, a monitoring receiver, as well as a metrological data recorder. The reference receiver is used to provide differential correction data. The monitoring system, on the other hand, detects signal anomaly to improve the quality of measurement data. The metrological data are used for better modeling of GPS errors. Data processing capabilities are established to process the on-board GPS measurements and DGPS corrections. Data discrepancies in the telemetry GPS data are corrected and filtered. Through an extended Kalman filter formulation, it is shown that the resulting accuracy on the position and velocity of the sounding rocket is improved.

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