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研究生: 陳俊宏
Chen, Chun-Hung
論文名稱: 適用於智慧型維護應用之資料收集的分散性嵌入式系統平臺
Distributed Embedded System Platform for Data Collection of Intelligent Maintenance Applications
指導教授: 鄭芳田
Cheng, Fan-Tien
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 製造工程研究所
Institute of Manufacturing Engineering
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 106
中文關鍵詞: 嵌入式系統整合維護系統
外文關鍵詞: Embedded Linux, Data Collection, e-Diagnostics
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  •   整合維護系統(IMM)必須要能即時取得生產設備的資訊,才能根據設備端所取得的資訊來進行維修與保養的工作,因此「設備研究」是近年來被高度重視的研究領域。嵌入式系統與設備研究中的「機台資料擷取」(Data Collection)具有高度的技術相依性。GED便是針對機台資料擷取的需求所發展的嵌入式裝置,要實現將GED嵌入至設備內部的願景,必須完整的研究嵌入式系統平臺的相關技術。完整的的嵌入式系統平臺包含軟體與硬體,本研究採用Platform-Based Design的觀念,並以Embedded Linux與PowerPC為核心技術,實作了一個整合式的軟硬體平臺(GED Platform),GED Platform為完整的嵌入式系統架構,並具備分散式系統的特性。GED Platform的實作最後遞交給設計者的是抽象的”Platform API”,以使「快速開發嵌入式應用程式」的願景得以實現。此外,關鍵的實作說明與技術整理是Platform-Based Design理論中最重要的部份,此文件能幫助設計者快速了解嵌入式平臺的內部實作,並能快速使用該平臺來開發應用程式。本研究經由深入研究Embedded Linux技術,並從平臺實作經驗了解到,當設計者需要加入一個元件至GED Platform時,並不需要從頭實作整個平臺,只需「重用」(Reuse)原有平臺即可,因此能略過許多重覆的實作步驟;本研究因而歸納出一個可供未來設計者持續發展本平臺的設計流程。

     The main issue of the Integrated Manufacturing Maintenance is the acquisition of the information of production equipments. The maintenance and repair functionalities are achieved due to the availability of equipment engineering data. Therefore, the domain of data collection in equipment researching has been put much emphasis in the recent years. Data collection technology in equipment researching is highly dependent on embedded system technologies from the perspective of system level design. GED (Generic Embedded Device) had been developed to meet the data collection applications. To realize the vision of embedding GED in the equipment, researchers must take care of the embedded system platform technologies. This paper elects platform-based design methodology as the major system-level design methodology. Also, embedded Linux and PowerPC platform are elected to be the core software and hardware platform technologies. In this research, an integrated HW/SW platform called GED Platform is then developed. The architectural design of GED Platform adopts embedded system and distributed system technologies. GED Platform will finally be delivered to system designers in the form of abstract Platform API that achieves the vision of rapid development of embedded software. The other part of this paper is a user guide to core architectural design and implementation. The guide is of great importance for platform-based design. It helps designers to quickly understand the internal architecture and implementation of the platform. As the purpose, the vision of rapid development of embedded software is then realizable. The work of the platform development in this research results in a software design flow. The design flow makes GED Platform reusable, therefore future designers could derive the original GED Platform design and make their own components into GED Platform without the effort of developing the system from scratch.

    目錄 i 圖目錄 iv 表目錄 vi 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究動機 2 1.3 研究目的 2 1.4 論文架構 3 第二章 文獻探討 4 2.1 基本觀念 4 2.1.1 Embedded System Design 4 2.1.2 Web-enabling Development 4 2.1.3 System Design Methodology 5 2.2 Platform-Based Design探討 7 2.3 Embedded UML 9 第三章 研究方法與步驟 11 3.1 基礎理論與技術 11 3.1.1 Embedded Systems 11 3.1.2 Distributed Systems 11 3.1.3 Platform-Based Design Methodology 11 3.1.4 IBM PowerPC 12 3.1.5 U-Boot 12 3.1.6 Linux Device Drivers 13 3.1.7 Embedded Linux System 13 3.2 研究步驟 13 第四章 系統規格 17 4.1 GED系統功能規格 17 4.2 Platform-Based Design 20 4.3 Linux Specifications 22 4.3.1 Linux Standard Base 23 4.3.2 Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 25 第五章 系統功能分析 27 5.1 GED Application Software的Use Case Diagram 27 5.2 GED Application Software的Sequence Diagrams 29 5.2.1 Use Case 1:Configure DCPlan 29 5.2.2 Use Case 2:Activate DCPlan 30 5.2.3 Use Case 3:Deactivate DCPlan 31 5.2.4 Use Case 4:Acquire Equipment Data 32 5.2.5 Use Case 5:Warn Performance Degradation 33 5.2.6 Use Case 6:Download Parameters 34 5.2.7 Use Case 7:Perform Authentication/Authorization 35 5.3 GED Application Software之Class Diagrams 36 5.4 Embedded Application之設計 39 第六章 系統架構設計 40 6.1 Embedded Linux Platform Design 40 6.1.1 API Platform 41 6.1.2 ARC Platform 43 6.1.3 ASP Platform 45 6.2 ASP Platform Task Sequence 46 6.3 Multi-Threaded Model 49 6.3.1 Task Sequence 50 6.3.2 Multi-Threaded Architecture 53 6.3.3 CEM Equipment Driver 55 第七章 平臺實作 (GED Platform Implementation) 57 7.1 Physical Hardware 57 7.1.1 Teron Mini簡介 57 7.1.2 Articia S簡介 58 7.1.3 Teron Mini架構 60 7.2 BIOS 63 7.2.1 Teron Mini Reference Design介紹 63 7.2.2 Teron Mini PCI初始化 63 7.2.3 PCI Controller初始化 64 7.2.4 PCI Device初始化 70 7.2.5 IRQ 設定 72 7.2.6 Interrupt Line Routing 73 7.2.7 Fixed IRQ 78 7.3 Linux kernel 80 7.3.1 Linux Kernel簡介 80 7.3.2 Linux Kernel Tree說明 81 7.3.3 Linux Kernel Porting說明 81 7.3.4 移植Linux至Teron Mini平臺 82 7.4 Device Driver 84 7.4.1 Linux Device Driver架構說明 85 7.4.2 read/write系統呼叫 86 7.4.3 read/write實作觀念 87 7.4.4 Wait Queue 88 7.5 Embedded Linux System 94 7.5.1 Embedded Linux技術介紹 94 7.5.2 Filesystem 95 7.5.3 Root Filesystem: Top-down Design 96 7.5.4 Root Filesystem: Bottom-up Design 97 7.5.5 GNU develop environment 98 7.6 Multi-Threaded 100 7.7 Remote Procedure Calls and App Interface 103 第八章 結論 104 8.1 本研究達成目標 104 8.2 未來發展 104 參考文獻 105

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