本研究主要目的是探討台灣鐵路管理局一等以上車站之經營績效。使用資料包絡分析法作為分析工具。然後，以DEA法求得之相對效率值為應變數；以投入變數（員工數、費用、營業場所面積、客車停靠列次與自動化設備）及環境變數（是否電氣化及有無調車場）為自變數，建構Tobit迴歸模式以探討影響車站生產效率的原因。實證結果發現：1).31個車站中有13個（約42%）達到效率前緣，其技術效率值介40.4%至100%之間，平均值為69.8%。 2).台鐵不僅有資源投入過度的問題，還有資源配置不當的問題。 3).影響車站效率的因素為員工數、費用、營業場所面積、客車停靠列次及有無調車場。 4).經效率/盈餘矩陣分析結果：台北、斗六、台中、台南、花蓮、桃園及宜蘭等站，應採取成長策略；萬華、竹南、左營及瑞芳等站，應採取縮減策略。

The Purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of rail station of Taiwan Railway Administration（TRA）. Efficiency measures are calculated by a non-parametric approach known as data envelopment analysis（DEA）. After that, we use the value of efficiency,calculated by DEA approach, as dependent variable; the input variables and environment variables as independent variables, to analyze the factors of affecting efficiency by Tobit regression model.
The empirical results are: 1). According to the efficiency analysis ,there are 13 stations （about 42%）within 31 stations reach the effective frontier. The total technical efficiency is located between 40.4% and 100%, and the average is 69.8%. 2). TRA not only have the problem of resources over input, but also have the problem of allocation. 3). The key factors to effect the efficiency are: the number of labors, expenditure, the operational space of station, the number of train stop, and whether possess the shunting yard or not. 4). According to the efficiency/profit analysis, the station of Taipei, Douliou, Taichung, Taoyuan, Yilan, Hualien, and Tainan need to use growth strategy, Wanhua, Jhunan, Zuoying, and Rueifang need to use shrinking strategy.

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