近年來，台灣高齡人口快速增加，盛行於中高齡族群的失智症人數也隨之增加，而根據衛生福利部研究顯示中高齡族群的失智症發生率會隨著年齡增加而上昇。此外，由於失智症並沒有治癒的方式，對於高齡者失智症的延緩與預防成為本研究的目標。
目前對於失智症的預防方式有藥物治療、懷舊療法、認知訓練與光照治療等，本研究基於認知訓練與光照治療的概念設計了一個可進行認知訓練的模組化OLED顯示系統，這套系統結合了白光OLED顯示裝置、高齡者認知訓練APP、雲端資料庫以及記憶程度判斷功能。本研究透過模組化的OLED顯示裝置依序發光的方式讓受測者進行記憶，接著讓受測者以觸碰的方式答題，藉此訓練受測者的記憶能力與操作能力，而本系統透過將資料上傳至雲端資料庫來記錄受測者的訓練資料，包含每一道題目的正確率與作答時間，將這些訓練資料輸入所設計之分類器進行分類以達成記憶程度判斷之功能。此外，醫護人員可透過雲端資料庫中的資料對受測者做醫療上的判別與分析，若能及早發現高齡者失智症之徵兆，就能讓高齡者提早進行治療以避免失智症之惡化。
為了驗證本系統記憶程度判斷功能之可靠度，本研究將裝置帶到醫院與照護中心等地方進行實測並收集35位受測者之資料，透過受測者之資料設計一分類器，接著使用所設計之分類器將新收集之10位受測者進行分類，最後將分類結果與實際狀況進行比較，實驗結果顯示本研究設計之分類器在分類上有90%的正確率。透過記憶程度判斷功能的落實，未來可導入醫療機構中協助護理人員瞭解高齡者記憶能力的變化，讓高齡者能提早發現失智症的徵兆，及早進行治療。

This work presents an OLED display system that can evaluate elderly’s visual memory. The proposed system combines white light OLED display devices, memory training APP, cloud databases, and the judgment functions of visual memory degree. In this study, the modular OLED display device sequentially illuminates the light and the subjects memorize the order of the device’s illumination, and then the system allows the subjects to answer the questions by touching. By repeating the action, it can train the subjects’ visual memory and operation ability. Moreover, the system records the training data, including the correct rate and the time for each question, by uploading the data to the cloud database. After that, research team took the device to the hospital and the care center, collected the data from 35 subjects, and used the data to create a rule-based classifier. In order to verify the reliability of the judgment functions of visual memory degree, the system used the designed classifier to classify 10 new subjects, and finally compared the classification results with the actual conditions. The results show that the classifier has a correct rate of 90%, which can effectively evaluate the subjects’ visual memory.

[1] Taiwan Alzheimer Disease Association， http://www.tada2002.org.tw/About/IsntDementia
[2] 【SODA】Lohas Cognitive Training Machine， https://www.ez66.com.tw/cd/soda%E6%A8%82%E6%B4%BB%E8%AA%8D%E7%9F%A5%E8%A8%93%E7%B7%B4%E6%A9%9F
[3] Smart Aging Alliance， http://www.t-edu.tw/20154327692451519981327696529226041278612749130906236012637122909.html
[4] D. Forbes, CM. Blake, EJ. Thiessen, S. Peacock, P. Hawranik, “Light therapy for improving cognition, activities of daily living, sleep, challenging behaviour, and psychiatric disturbances in dementia,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, 2014.
[5] 王文潮　打造老人幼稚園， https://news.housefun.com.tw/news/article/561970126823.html
[6] 新的光源之類太陽光色溫可調變有機發光二極體， http://www.tecofound.org.tw/greentech-race/greentech2009/indexca85.html?Psn=5947
[7] OLED 照明技術，http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=73051
[8] F. Bellotti, B. Kapralos, K. Lee, P. Moreno-Ger, R. Berta, “Assessment in and of Serious Games: An Overview,” Adv. Human-Comput. Interaction, vol. 2013, pp. 1–11, 2013
[9] D. Jeong, K. Lee, “iSIG-Blocks; Interactive Creation Blocks for Tangible Geometric Games,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 61, no. 4, Nov. 2015.
[10] B. Wallace, F. Knoefel, R. Goubran, P. Masson, A. Baker, B. Allard, V. Guana, E. Stroulia, “Detecting Cognitive Ability Changes in Patients With Moderate Dementia Using a Modified ’Whack−a−Mole’ Game,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement(accepted web access), vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-14, 2017.
[11] J. Wallert, E. Westman, J. Ulinder, M. Annerstedt, B. Terzis, B. Terzis, “Differentiating Patients at the Memory Clinic With Simple Reaction Time Variables: A Predictive Modeling Approach Using Support Vector Machines and Bayesian Optimization,” Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, vol. 10, pp.144 , 2018.
[12] Corsi, P.M., “Human Memory and the Medial Temporal Region of the Brain,” Doctoral Thesis at McGill University, 1973.
[13] R. Brunetti, C. Del Gatto, and F. Delogu, “eCorsi: Implementation and testing of the Corsi block-tapping task for digital tablets,” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 5, 2014.
[14] MHG. Claessen, IJ. van der Ham, MJ. van Zandvoort, “Computerization of the Standard Corsi Block-Tapping Task Affects Its Underlying Cognitive Concepts: A Pilot Study,” Applied Neuropsychology-Adult, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 180-188, 2015.
[15] L. Piccardi, G. Iaria, M. Ricci, F. Bianchini, L. Zompanti, C. Guariglia, “Walking in the Corsi test: Which type of memory do you need?,” Neurosci. Lett., vol. 232, no. 2, pp. 127-131, 2008.
[16] L. Piccardi, F. Bianchini, O. Argento, A. De Nigris, A. Maialetti, L. Palermo, C. Guariglia, “The Walking Corsi Test (WalCT): standardization of the topographical memory test in an Italian population,” Neurological Sciences, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 971-978, 2013.
[17] L. Piccardi, L. Palermo, M. Leonzi, M. Risetti, L. Zompanti, S. D'Amico, C. Guariglia, “The Walking Corsi Test (WalCT): a normative study of topographical working memory in a sample of 4- to 11-year-olds,” Clin. Neuropsychol., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 84-96, 2014.
[18] D. Stoffers, HW. Berendse, JB. Deijen, ECh. Wolters, “Deficits on Corsi's block-tapping task in early stage Parkinson's disease,” Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 107-111, 2003.
[19] D. Kasselimis, G. Angelopoulou, P. Simos, M. Petrides, C. Peppas, G. Velonakis, A. Tavernarakis, I. Evdokimidis, C. Potagas, “Working memory impairment in aphasia: The issue of stimulus modality,” Journal Of Neurolinguistics, vol. 48, pp. 104-116, 2018.
[20] A. Perrochon, G. Kemoun, B. Dugué, A. Berthoz, “Cognitive Impairment Assessment through Visuospatial Memory Can Be Performed with a Modified Walking Corsi Test Using the 'Magic Carpet',” Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. Extra., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-13, 2014.
[21] F. Bianchini, A. Di Vita, L. Palermo, L. Piccardi, C. Blundo, C. Guariglia, “A Selective Egocentric Topographical Working Memory Deficit in the Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease: A Preliminary Study,” Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Dement., vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 749-754, 2014.
[22] J. Cohen, “Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences,” 1988.
[23] RP. Kessels, MJ. van Zandvoort, A. Postma, LJ. Kappelle, EH. de Haan, “The Corsi Block-Tapping Task: Standardization and Normative Data,” Applied Neuropsychology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 252–258, 2000.
[24] DB. Berch, R. Krikorian, EM. Huha, “The Corsi Block-Tapping Task: Methodological and Theoretical Considerations,” Brain and Cognition, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 317-338, 1998.
[25] KH. Zou, AJ. O’Malley, L. Mauri, “Receiver-operating characteristic analysis for evaluating diagnostic tests and predictive models,” Circulation, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 654-657, 2007.
[26] A. Röser, G. Hardiess, H. A. Mallot, “Modality dependence and intermodal transfer in the Corsi Spatial Sequence Task: Screen vs. Floor,” Exp. Brain Res., vol. 234, no.7, pp. 1849-1862, 2016.
[27] M. Lövdén, SC. Li, YL. Shing, U. Lindenberger, “Within-person trial-to-trial variability precedes and predicts cognitive decline in old and very old age: Longitudinal data from the Berlin Aging Study ,” Neuropsychologia, vol. 45, no.12, pp. 2827-2838, 2007.