| 研究生: |
來莎莉 Larasati, Fitrianova |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
熱處理對2024鋁合金在氯化鈉水溶液中應力腐蝕破裂的影響 Effect of Heat Treatment on Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior on 2024 Aluminum Alloy in Chloride Solution |
| 指導教授: |
蔡文達
Tsai, Wen-Ta |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 尖端材料國際碩士學位學程 International Curriculum for Advanced Materials Program |
| 論文出版年: | 2016 |
| 畢業學年度: | 104 |
| 語文別: | 英文 |
| 論文頁數: | 58 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 2024鋁合金 、應力腐蝕破裂(SCC) 、拉伸試驗 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | 2024 aluminum alloy, Stress corrosion cracking (SCC), Tensile testing |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:87 下載:3 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
2024鋁合金因其良好的強度及重量比而廣泛地應用於航太工業,同時它也是一種屬於熱處理後的鋁合金。然而,據研究2024鋁合金易受到多種腐蝕所侵害,其中之一包含應力腐蝕破裂(SCC)。因此,為了探討應力腐蝕破裂於2024鋁合金上的行為,本次將以單軸拉伸試驗做為主軸,並利用金相分析、電子掃描式顯微鏡(SEM)及電化學測試加以分析。熱處理條件則是將試片加熱至495 oC後水淬,並於室溫中進行自然時效處理96小時。在應力腐蝕破裂的部分,則主要是在pH值分別為2.8及6的0.1 M NaCl水溶液中,以拉伸應力300 MPa及340 MPa下進行。
藉由金相分析可知,此合金的微結構中富含Al2CuMg (S-phase);而由SEM影像分析可知再經熱處理的試片中,相較於未熱處理的試片則有更嚴重的沿晶破裂及均勻腐蝕,證實了應力腐蝕破裂的初始階段。同時,隨著深度增加,破裂的部分會轉變成更小的沿晶破裂。
Due to good strength and weight ratio 2024 aluminum alloy widely used in aerospace industry. This type of aluminum alloy is a heat treatable alloy. Nevertheless 2024 aluminum alloy was reported susceptible to several types of corrosions including stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Therefor to understand the stress corrosion cracking behavior of this alloy, several types of experiments were being conducted, using Stress corrosion cracking testing on uniaxial load as a primary technique, then metallography analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and electro-chemical testing. As for the heat treatment, the specimen was heated until 495°C then water quench and natural aging in room temperature for 96 hours. 0.1 M NaCl with concentration of acidity of 2.8 and 6 solution was being used as the corrosive environment during the stress corrosion cracking testing.
The load that being applied on the testing were 300 MPa and 340 MPa. The metallography analysis showed that the microstructure of this alloy contained mostly of Al2CuMg (S-phase). On the other hand the SEM image analysis testing on the heat treated materials showed more severe inter-granular cracking and uniform surface corrosion compared to as-received materials, indicating the initial stage of stress corrosion cracking. As the depth increase, the cracking then transform into finer inter-granular cracking.
[1] N. Birbilis, T. Muster, "Corrosion of Aluminum Alloys. Corrosion Mechanisms in Theory and Practice," CRC, pp. 705-736, 2011.
[2] J. Davis, "Corrosion of aluminum and aluminum alloys," ASM International, 1999.
[3] M. Fontana, Staehle, Roger W., "Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology Stress-Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys," 1972.
[4] K. Öksüz, H. Bağirov, M. Şimşir, C. Karpuzoğlu, A. Özbölük, Y. Z. Demirhan, et al., "Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of AA2024 and AA7075," Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 390, pp. 547-551, 2013.
[5] R. Laudise, "Aging of U.S. Air Force Aircraft," National Academy Press, pp. 56-61, 1997.
[6] K. Kowal, J. DeLuccia, J. Y. Josefowicz, C. Laird, and G. C. Farrington, "Atomic Force And Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Corrosion And Fatigue Of An Aluminum-Copper Alloy," MRS Proceedings, vol. 409, 2011.
[7] R. Rynders, C. H. Paik, R. Ke, and R. C. Alkire, "Use of in situ atomic force microscopy to image corrosion at inclusions," Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 141, pp. 1439-1445, 1994.
[8] P. Bobby Kannan, "Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of Aluminum Alloys," 2011.
[9] S. Lynch, "Mechanism of Environmentally Assiated Cracking in Al-Zn-Mg Single Crystal. ," Corosion Science, vol. 22, pp. 1127, 1982.
[10] Z. Cheng, F.H. Cao, J.F. Li, J.Q. Zhang, J.M. Wang, "Study of the Corrosion of Aluminum Alloy 2024-T3 Under Thin Electrolyte Layers," Corrosion Science, vol. 46, 2004.
[11] H. John, "Aluminum: Properties and Physical Metallurgy," ASM, 1983.
[12] A. International, "Metals Handbook (Desk Edition) Chapter 32 (Failure Analysis)," American Society for Metals, pp. 24, 1997.
[13] C. Vargel, "Corrosion of Aluminum," 1999.
[14] S. Molent, "Fatigue Cracking from a Corrosion Pit in an Aircraft Bulkhead," Engineering Failure Analysis vol. 39, 2014.
[15] T. Stephen, and B.P. Withy, "The Effect of Pitting Corrosion on Split Sleeve Cold Hole Expanded, Bare 7075-T651 Aluminum Alloy," Manufactur Process, vol. 15, pp. 1150120, 2013.
[16] L. Posada, C.S. Niou, D. Roberson, D. Little, R. Arrowood, "Exfoliation and Related Microstructures in 2024 Aluminum Body Skins on Aging Aircraft," Material Charatcterization, vol. 38, pp. 259-272, 1997.
[17] T. Wloka, and S. Virtanen, "Influence of Temper and Surface Condition on the Exfoliation Behaviour of High Strength Al-Zn-Mg- Cu Alloys," Corrosion Science, vol. 49, pp. 1437-1449, 2007.
[18] S. Knight, M. Salagaras, and A. R. Trueman, "The study of intergranular corrosion in aircraft aluminium alloys using X-ray tomography," Corrosion Science, vol. 53, pp. 727-734, 2011.
[19] R. Wei, "Corrosion and corrosion fatigue in perspective," The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, pp. 263-278, 2001.
[20] A. Muster, G. Thompson, "Copper Distributions in Al-Alloys," Nova Science Publishers, 2009.
[21] X. Zhang, G.S. Frankel, "Effects of microstructure and potential on localised corrosion kinetics of AA2024-T3," The Electrochemical Society, vol. 2000-2023, pp. 376-378, 2000.
[22] R. Buchheit, "A compilation of corrosion potentials reported for intermetallic phases in aluminum-alloys," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 142, pp. 3994-3996, 1995.
[23] C. Luo, X. Zhou, G. E. Thompson, and A. E. Hughes, "Observations of intergranular corrosion in AA2024-T351: The influence of grain stored energy," Corrosion Science, vol. 61, pp. 35-44, 2012.
[24] K. DIETZEKL., D. Wu, "APPLICATION OF FRACTURE MECHANICS TECHNIQUES TO THE ENVIRONMENTALLY ASSISTED CRACKING OF ALUMINIUM 2024," Fatigue of Engineering Materials, vol. 12, pp. 495-510, 1989.
[25] M. Chang-Jian Lin, Yu-Hua Lin, Ruo- and D. R.-G. Shuang Huang, "A Study on Localized Corrosion of Al 2024 in Chloride Solution by Scanning Electrochemical Probes," The Electrochemical Society, 2003.
[26] A. Sedriks, "Stress Corrosion Testing Methods," NACE: National Association of Corrosion Engineers, vol. 1, 1990.
[27] D. Franklin, "Design Criteria for Controlling Stress Corrosion Cracking," NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1977.
[28] J. Nicoleta Raditoiu, Loic Lacroix, "Effect of the Over-ageing Treatment on the Mechanical Propertiesof AA2024 Aluminum Alloy," Revista de Chimie, vol. 63, pp. 1042-1045, 2012.
[29] M. Bauccio, "ASM Metals Reference Book, Third edition,," 1993.
[30] B. Robert, "Corrosion Stress and Standards: Application and Interpretation," ASTM International, 2005.
[31] D. Nikolay A. Belov, Andrey A. Aksenov, "Multicomponent Phase Diagrams Applications for Commercial Aluminum Alloys," Elsevier Science, 2005.
[32] L. Shreir L., “Corrosion 2nd Edition,“ ASM International, 1957.