過去文獻證實客戶集中度較高的公司，會透過與主要客戶之合作夥伴關係，使公司經營績效變好。R&D投資在軟體業非常重要，R&D效率將會影響公司未來績效及發展。本研究在探討在供應鏈特殊關係下，公司是否因為主要客戶資訊的傳遞、嚴格的監督及知識外溢的影響，而有較高的研發績效。此外，我也研究當客戶集中度越高且期間越長時，研發績效是否會受影響。依過去研究指出，產業間普遍存在研發外溢現象，尤其在有同盟關係的合作夥伴中。因此，供應鏈關係是否會因研發外溢情形而提升客戶集中度較高的公司之研發績效，也是本研究要探討的。
本研究以2002~2012年美國軟體業作為樣本，且R&D績效以兩種方式衡量:R&D費用與R&D資本化。研究結果發現以R&D費用衡量RD績效時，客戶集中程度與R&D績效呈正向相關、但以R&D資本化衡量RD績效時，客戶集中程度與R&D績效成負向相關。但是不論是以費用或資本化衡量RD績效，與主要客戶合作時間越長，R&D績效越高。而且，供應商與主要客戶之間存在R&D外溢效果。

Prior research find that firms with higher degree of customer-base concentration can improve the profitability by the cooperative relationship with their major customer. R&D investment is crucial for software industry, because the efficiency of R&D investment affect future profitability and prospect of firm. This study investigate the special relationship under supply chain, and whether the positive effect of information delivery, supervision power, and knowledge sharing from major customer increase the R&D performance of supplier. Moreover, I investigate how the higher customer-base concentration and longer cooperative duration for major customer affect R&D performance of supplier. Early research articulates that R&D spillover is universal in many industries, especially in the cooperative partners with collaborative partnership. As a result, my study also investigate whether occurring of R&D spillover in supply chain enhance the R&D performance of supplier which have higher customer-base concentration.
This study using American software industry over the period of 2000-2012 as sample, and there are two measurements for R&D performance: R&D expense and R&D capitalization. My research finds that when R&D performance is measured by R&D expense, there is a positive association between customer-base concentration and R&D performance of supplier. However, when R&D performance is measured by R&D capitalization, there is a negative association between customer-base concentration and R&D performance of supplier. Nevertheless, no matter R&D performance is measured by R&D expense or capitalization, the longer the cooperative duration, the higher the R&D performance of supplier. Moreover, I find that there exist R&D spillover between major customer and supplier.

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