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研究生: 李俊毅
Lee, Chun-Yi
論文名稱: 射頻四相位壓控振盪器
RF Quadrature Voltage-Controlled Oscillator
指導教授: 蔡智明
Tsai, Chih-Ming
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 82
中文關鍵詞: 四相位輸出異質接面雙載子電晶體振盪器壓控振盪器
外文關鍵詞: oscillator, voltage-controlled oscillator, quadrature output, HBT
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  • 隨著技術精進與市場蓬勃的發展下,無線通訊或網路皆朝著將電路系統,整合成單晶片的電路型式發展。在通訊系統中,常將訊號分成I/Q兩通道,增加其適用的頻寬。另外,為了減低雜訊的影響,設計時大多採用差動型式。因此,收發電路中常需使用四相位正交訊號輸出的振盪器,才可進行調變或解調。故本論文針對射頻(Radio Frequency)之頻段,設計出具有四相位輸出的壓控振盪器,最後並將之晶片化。

    本論文共分成六章。第一章為論文概要。第二章介紹基本振盪器的設計原理及振盪器規格的探討。第三章為現今四相位輸出壓控振盪器的設計方式與架構。第四章則提出新型的四相位輸出振盪器,並介紹其中所使用到之元件特性與電路架構。第五章為利用電路模擬軟體針對四相位輸出壓控振盪器進行模擬,完成設計的步驟,並將其實作成電路後進行量測,最後再與模擬結果相互比較。第六章為結論及未來工作的探討。

    Technical advanced and market growth in wireless communications and LANs have created a need for integrated circuits or system on a single chip. The recent trend is to design almost all circuits in differential form and dividing the signal into I/Q two channels. Therefore, quadrature signal will be frequently used. In this thesis, a radio-frequency quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator is designed and realized it on a chip.

    There are six chapters in this thesis. The first chapter is the overview. Then, in chaper two, some concepts of oscillator designs and system considerations are discussed. Chapter three presents some popular topologies of oscillators and quadrature VCOs. New quadrature VCO is introduced in the fourth chapter. Results of using computer simulations and chip measurements are summarized in chapter five. Finally, chapter six outlines the conclusions and suggested future works.

    第一章 序論…………..……………….………………………………….1 1-1 簡介……………………….…………………….…….….…1 1-2 章節概述………………….…………………….…….….…2 第二章 振盪器設計原理及規格探討…...…………..……....…....….3 2-1 振盪器設計原理………….…………………….…….….…4 2-1-1 迴授型設計方式…………….…..………………...4 2-1-2 反射型設計方式…….…………………………….6 2-1-3 諧振電路之設計……..……...….…………………8 2-1-4 負載位置之選擇……..……...….……………..…10 2-2 振盪器系統規格之探討….…………………….…..….….12 2-2-1 相位雜訊……….…..…….………………………12 2-2-2 輸出功率……….…..…….………………………18 2-2-3 頻率變動性….……....……...……………………19 2-2-4 溫度穩定度……….………...……………………20 2-2-5 寄生及諧波訊號……….…..……….……………21 第三章 振盪器架構………...……...…..…...…….…..…….………… 22 3-1 基本振盪器架構……….………...….……….……………23 3-1-1 LC振盪器…...….…....……...……………………23 3-1-2 緩和式振盪….……....……...……………………25 3-1-3 平衡式Colpitts振盪器….….…………………27 3-2 基本四相位輸出振盪器架構.…...….……….……………29 3-2-1 環形振盪器設計方式...…….……………………29 3-2-2 RC-CR相位偏移設計方式…….…………………31 3-2-3 頻率分離設計方式…...…….……………………33 第四章 新型四相位輸出壓控振盪器………………...….…………35 4-1 設計動機…………..…………….……..……….…………35 4-2 電路架構簡介……….……...…………...….…………..…37 4-2-1 異質接面雙載子電晶體…….……………...……37 4-2-2 變容器………….…….………..…...……….……39 4-2-3 相位偏移電路…………………….………...……41 4-2-4 緩衝放大器………………………...……….……43 第五章 電路模擬與量測……………...…..……..……………………45 5-1 設計流程…………….……...…………...….…………..…46 5-2 電路模擬…………….……...…………...….…………..…48 5-2-1 LC差動輸出振盪器.…….…….….…….……..…48 5-2-2 相位偏移器………..…….…….….…….……..…52 5-2-3 緩衝放大器………..…...…..…………...……..…54 5-2-4 四相位輸出壓控振盪器....…..……..…..…….….56 5-3 電路量測…………….……...…………...….…………..…62 5-3-1 量測方式…………..…….…….….…….……..…62 5-3-2 量測結果…………..…….…….….…….……..…67 第六章 結論與未來工作…………...………….……..………...……..74 參考文獻…………………………………………………………………...75 附錄A HBT電晶體模型參數表………...………….……...………...…79 附錄B 射頻四相位壓控振盪器內部電路圖………...………...……82

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