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研究生: 楊欣展
Yang, Xin-Zhan
論文名稱: 利用程序迴路模擬發展與驗證微衛星姿態控制次系統
Development and Verification of the Microsatellite Attitude Control Subsystem Based on Processor-in-the-Loop Method
指導教授: 莊智清
Juang, Jyh-Ching
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 83
中文關鍵詞: 微衛星姿態控制程序迴路模擬磁場微分控制
外文關鍵詞: Microsatellite, Attitude Control, Processor-in-the-loop, B-dot Control Law
相關次數: 點閱:106下載:13
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  • 成功大學的CKUTEX (Cheng Kung University Technology Experimental Satellite)微衛星計畫係國內自主發展之實驗型微衛星;CKUTEX微衛星任務為量測衛星與火箭分離階段之數據與驗證實驗酬載系統,實驗酬載系統分別為太陽感測器(Digital Sun Sensor, DSS)與太空及GPS接收器系統。因此微衛星必需提供控制法則使得微衛星與火箭分離後,使衛星能在較小變化之姿態或穩定之角速度繞行衛星軌道。本論文詳述姿態控制器之設計、實現與驗證,針對所選用之制動器引用磁場微分控制,使用軟體分析和設計控制器參數,並選用微電腦單晶片和可程式系統晶片來實現控制器,並發展一套程序迴路模擬(Processor-in-the-loop Simulation)來驗證控制器之可行性與軟體設計之分析,程序迴路係為使用即時模擬系統模擬太空環境與衛星動態,結合控制器電路進而驗證姿態控制演算法的功能與性能。

    CKUTEX (Cheng Kung University Technology Experimental Satellite) is part of the self-reliant experimental micro-satellite program in Taiwan. The mission of CKUTEX Satellite is to record pertinent data after its separation from the launch vehicle and verify the self-developed payloads. CKUTEX has 2 payloads, which are space-borne GPS receiver and digital sun sensor, respectively. After the separation, CKUTEX must provide attitude control function in order to stabilize the angular velocity and maintain small attitude changes in orbit.
    This thesis describes the design, implementation and verification of the attitude controller. The attitude controller implements B-dot control law. With the aid of software, the design and analysis of controller’s parameters can be achieved. A microcontroller and SOPC (System On Programmable Chip) are implemented for the development of attitude controller. To fully develop and verify the feasibility of the attitude controller, processor-in-the-loop (PIL) simulation is developed. The simulation facility contains a dynamic simulator and real-time controller, as well as some interfacing circuitry. The dynamic simulator is capable of performing simulation of the space environment, orbit dynamic, attitude dynamic, and sensor/actuator models. This real-time simulation verifies the function and performance of the attitude controller.

    目 錄 摘 要 I Abstract II 誌謝 IV 目 錄 V 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 文獻回顧 2 1.3 論文貢獻 3 1.4 論文架構 3 第二章 CKUTEX微衛星介紹 4 2.1 CKUTEX微衛星之任務 4 2.2 實驗酬載系統 4 2.2.1 數位太陽感測器 4 2.2.2 太空級GPS接收器 6 2.3 各次系統介紹 7 2.3.1 命令與資料處理次系統 7 2.3.2 電力次系統 9 2.3.3 熱控次系統 10 2.3.4 通訊次系統 13 2.3.5 結構次系統 14 2.3.6 姿態判定與控制次系統 16 第三章 微衛星姿態控制理論 18 3.1 定義座標系統 18 3.1.1 地球慣性座標系統(Earth Center Inertial, ECI) 19 3.1.2 地球固定座標系統(Earth Center Earth Fixed, ECEF) 19 3.1.3 軌道座標系統(Orbit) 20 3.1.4 體座標系統(Body) 21 3.2 座標轉換 21 3.2.1 尤拉角之座標轉換矩陣 22 3.2.2 地球慣性座標與地球固定座標之座標轉換矩陣 23 3.2.3 地球慣性座標與軌道座標之座標換算法 24 3.2.4 地球慣性座標與體座標之座標換算法 25 3.2.5 體座標與軌道座標之座標換算法 26 3.3 刻卜勒方程式演算法 26 3.4 地球磁場演算法 29 3.5 太陽位置與遮蔽演算法 33 3.6 姿態與運動方程式 35 第四章 軟體模擬驗證 36 4.1 姿態控制 36 4.2 環境干擾力矩 38 4.3 軟體迴路驗證描述 40 4.4 軟體迴路驗證結果 47 第五章 硬體實現與驗證 54 5.1 即時模擬系統之介紹 54 5.1.1 即時硬體迴路測試系統之硬體架構 56 5.1.2 即時硬體迴路測試系統之軟體架構 59 5.2 使用硬體實現姿態控制 64 5.2.1 PIC24硬體架構 64 5.2.2 NIOS II硬體架構 66 5.2.3 軟體發展架構 67 5.3 模擬分析結果 69 第六章 結論與未來工作 75 6.1 結論 75 6.2 未來工作 75 參考文獻 77 附錄A ADCS硬體介紹 80 A-1 感測器 80 A-1-1 三軸磁力計 80 A-1-2 慣性量測單元 80 A-1-3 太陽感測器 81 A-2 磁力棒 82 A-3 ADCS控制器 82

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