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研究生：	張敏瑩 Chang, Min-Ying
論文名稱：	移動裝置之雙光伏模組室內外光獵能系統 Dual-PV-Module Indoor/Outdoor Light Energy Harvesting System for Mobile Devices
指導教授：	郭泰豪 Kuo, Tai-Haur
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2018
畢業學年度：	106
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	89
中文關鍵詞：	雙光伏模組、電容充電式最大功率追蹤、廣功率範圍、快速照度變化、光獵能系統、移動裝置
外文關鍵詞：	dual-PV-module, capacitor charging curve MPPT, wide harvester power throughput, fast irradiance changing, light energy harvesting system, mobile device
相關次數：	點閱：119 下載：5
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本論文提出一應用於移動裝置(例: 電子書)之光能獵能系統。由於移動裝置具有自市電充電之限制，因此我們透過光能獵能器獵取環境光能對其進行充電。然而，不同種類的光能模組有其合適的光源，加上我們可能使用電子書於室外高照度的環境，此環境容易發生快速遮蔭的情況而降低光能模組的轉換效率；或者處於室內低照度的環境閱讀，在此情況下控制器需要低功耗。為了能適應室內外情境，本篇使用不同種類的光能模組以對應其室內外光源，並提出一光能獵能系統具有快速的最大功率追蹤、寬廣的功率範圍設計。
首先，本篇對應室內外情境分別選用非晶矽及單晶矽光能模組，並分析其性價比進行光能模組面積分配。並實現一事件觸發型可重組的最大功率追蹤機制，於室外環境下達到快速追蹤、高精準度；於室內環境下達到低功耗的效能。最後，功率級架構搭配所提出之控制機制能夠操作於連續及非連續導通之模式，使其功率範圍增加。
本論文所提出之積體電路是使用台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司所提供的0.35μm 2P4M 5V 混合訊號互補式金氧半製程實現，整體晶片面積為2.7mm2，其具有最廣的功率範圍達到 9.6×106 且廣於現有文獻37%，及最快速之最大功率追蹤暫態時間。內部控制器於低功耗模式時電流消耗可降低至0.4μA。

This work presents a light energy harvesting system (LEH) for mobile devices, e.g. the electronic book (E-book). In E-books, the requirement of charging battery by mains electricity limits the application range. Therefore, the LEH is embedded into an E-book to recharge the battery by harvesting light energy from photovoltaic (PV) modules. However, different types of PV modules have their own suitable light sources. Also, E-books may be used in outdoor condition where the fast shading condition happens easily and reduces the conversion efficiency of PV modules; or in indoor condition, where the controller needs low power consumption. To adapt to the conditions, two types of PV modules are used for their corresponding light sources in this work. The implented LEH features fast maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and wide harvester power throughput.
First, amorphous and monocrystalline types of PV modules are chosen for indoor and outdoor condition, respectively. The cost-performance ratio is analyzed for the PV area allocation. Second, an event trigger reconfigurable MPPT circuit is realized to achieve fast transient speed in outdoor condition and low power consumption in indoor condition. Finally, the power stage with modified control technique is able to operate in both continuous and discontinuous conduction modes, thereby widening the harvester throughput range.
The proposed IC is fabricated in TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M 5V Mixed-Signal CMOS process with chip area of 2.37mm2. It has the widest harvester power throughput of 9.6×106, which is 37% wider compared with state-of-the-arts, and the shortest MPP transient time. The controller current consumption is 0.4μA in low power mode.

摘要 I
Abstract 	II
Acknowledgment	III
Table of Contents	IV
List of Tables		VII
List of Figures	VIII
Chapter 1.	Introduction	1
1	Motivation	1
2	Organization	4
Chapter 2.	System Design	5
1	Light Energy Harvesting System	5
2	PV Modules	5
2.1	Efficiency Analysis of PV Modules	5
2.2	Measurement of PV Modules	7
2.3	Cost-Performance Ratio of PV Modules	8
3	Reconfigurable Capacitor Charging Curve MPPT	10
3.1	Performance Indexes of MPPT	10
3.2	Periodically Trigger vs. Event Trigger for MPPT	11
3.3	MPP Locus and MPPT Algorithm	14
3.4	Capacitor Charging Curve MPPT	16
3.5	Comparison of MPPT Transient Time	17
3.6	MPPT Calibration	20
4	Power Stage Architectures	21
4.1	Comparison of Different Power Stage Architectures	21
4.2	Comparison of Buck-Boost Converter Control Methods	24
Chapter 3.	Circuit Implementations	26
1	Mode Selector	27
2	Capacitor Charging Curve MPPT	29
2.1	Main Circuit of Capacitor Charging Curve MPPT	29
2.2	MPPT controller	31
2.3	Current Sensing of Mo-Si PV	33
2.4	Leakage from Switches and Capacitors	34
3	Indoor MPPT Calibration	35
4	Outdoor MPPT Calibration	36
4.1	Transient Detection of Mo-Si PV	36
4.2	Power Comparison and MPP Calibration Circuit	37
5	Startup	41
6	Clock Generator	43
7	Voltage Regulation	45
7.1	PV & Load Monitor Trigger Generator	45
7.2	Pulse Skipping Modulation (PSM) Control	47
7.3	Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Control	49
7.4	Power MOSFETs Control Signal Generator	50
8	Highest Voltage Selector	51
9	Power MOSFETs Sizing and Driver	52
10	Parasitic Considerations	56
10.1	Parasitic Effects of Power MOSFETs	56
10.2	Circuit Models for Diffused Resistor	58
10.3	Parasitic Modeling of PCB and Bonding Wires	59
11	Other Design Issues	63
11.1	Battery Voltage Splitting	63
11.2	Supply Voltage for Drivers	63
11.3	Power Supply Modeling	64
12	Pre-Layout Verification	65
12.1	DCM Verification	65
12.2	CCM Verification	67
12.3	Supply Noise	68
Chapter 4.	Measurement Results	72
1	Layout Photograph	72
2	Post-Layout Verification	72
2.1	Startup	72
2.2	Charging and Load Regulation in DCM	74
2.3	Mode Transition	75
2.4	Irradiance Change Condition	76
2.5	Load Regulation in CCM under Different Corners	77
2.6	Load Regulation and Battery Overvoltage Condition	79
3	Measurement Environment	81
4	Chip Micrograph and Measurement Results	82
4.1	Chip Micrograph	82
4.2	Measurement Results	82
5	Comparison Table	84
Chapter 5.	Conclusions and Future Works	85
1	Conclusions	85
2	Future Works	86
Chapter 6.	References	87
                                    

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校內：2023-09-03公開
校外：不公開電子論文尚未授權公開，紙本請查館藏目錄

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