This dissertation presents the performance-improvement results of two grid-connected hybrid renewable-energy systems using an energy-storage unit based on supercapacitor (SC). One of the studied systems is a small-scale hybrid wave and photovoltaic (PV) system integrated into a distribution power grid while the other is a large-scale hybrid wind-PV farm connected to a multi-machine power system. Control schemes based on the SC-based energy-storage unit are proposed to smooth out power fluctuations and maintain stable operations of the studied systems while extracting maximum powers from the renewable-energy resources. A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) supplementary damping controller (SDC) for the proposed SC-based energy-storage unit in the hybrid wind-PV farm is also designed to improve the damping of the low-frequency oscillations associated with the studied multi-machine power system.
Frequency-domain schemes based on linearized system models using eigenvalue analysis are performed to design the PID-SDC for the proposed SC-based energy-storage unit and examine the small-signal stability of studied systems under wide ranges of operating conditions. Time-domain simulation approaches based on nonlinear system models subject to different disturbances are also carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the employed SC-based energy-storage unit combined with the proposed control schemes on performance improvement of the two studied grid-connected hybrid renewable-energy systems.
It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed control schemes have the ability to maintain stable operations of the studied systems under different operating conditions while achieving maximum power extractions from the renewable-energy resources. It can also be concluded from the simulation results that the employed SC-based energy-storage unit combined with the proposed control schemes can effectively smooth out the power fluctuations and, hence, improve the performance of the studied systems under the variations of the renewable-energy resources. In addition, the employed SC-based energy-storage unit joined with the designed PID-SDC can render adequate damping to damp out low-frequency oscillations related to the studied multi-machine power system.

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