抗氧化藥物的攝取和規律的運動是目前研究中被公認可以改善老化和減少氧化壓力的兩個方式。然而，少有研究利用簡單構造的動物模型進行老化和氧化壓力的探討，例如：秀麗隱桿線蟲。由於秀麗隱桿線蟲在解剖學上的身體架構簡單，擁有超過60％與人類相似的遺傳基因，為老化的研究上提供了一個良好的平台。
細胞損傷和老化是兩個主要在氧化壓力的磨損所造成的結果，氧化壓力的產生是因為體內的活性氧化物質和自由基的積累所引起。 隨著氧化壓力的上升，體內抗氧化的防禦系統將介入以中和活性氧化物質的毒性。藉由適度和規律的運動能夠提升體內抗氧化物質的水平，其中包含超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase, SOD）、過氧化氫酶（catalase, CAT）和穀胱甘肽過氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase, GPx）。 相同地，透過飲食的方式攝入抗氧化劑亦能夠增加體內抗氧化物質的防禦能力，以減少細胞內ROS含量並清除過多的自由基。EUK-134是SOD /CAT合成的模擬分子作為本研究的抗氧化藥物。本研究將著重於氧化壓力途徑的探討，並假設ROS的有害作用可以透過運動及攝取抗氧化劑來增加抗氧化物質的水平以進行抑制。
然而，為使體型極小的線蟲進行運動仍具有挑戰性。為了解決這個難題，我們設計一款微流道跑步機以訓練線蟲運動，微通道被設計成線蟲在運動訓練期間游泳的跑道。分別使用SOD和CAT基因缺陷的線蟲來研究運動或補充抗氧化劑是否能夠補償體內抗氧化酶的缺乏; 此外，將進一步探討清除自由基的效益和整體抗老化的效果。
本研究觀察運動和抗氧化劑的長期益處，以及抗氧化酶對氧化壓力途徑的重要性。這項研究的主要目的是探討（1）體內缺乏關鍵抗氧化酶是否會減少運動和抗氧化藥物產生的益處; （2）進而探討運動和抗氧化藥物在降低ROS中的作用機制; （3）比較經由運動與抗氧化藥物處理後的線蟲對於外源性氧化壓力的抵抗能力。結果顯示，缺乏SOD和CAT的線蟲在接受運動訓練和抗氧化藥物的補充後和自身對照組相比下似乎具有抵抗外界壓力的能力，並且觀察到SOD可能在生理表現上較CAT重要。值得注意的是，運動搭配抗氧化藥物處理能夠大幅度地降低活性氧化物質的積累，並提高SOD的水平。在短時間觀察中，即使只有短時間的運動或服用抗氧化劑，仍可以維持運動和抗氧化劑的益處數天，表示短時間的治療可能潛在地產生長期效果。總體結果表明，在運動與抗氧化藥物治療後的線蟲在各項指標及實驗結果中皆顯示出最佳的抗老化能力。該研究為高等動物未來的抗老化治療提供了有希望的見解。

Antioxidant uptake and regular exercise are two well-acknowledged measures used in anti-senescence and reduction of oxidative stress. However, little is done to understand their effects on aging in the perspective of simple animals. Caenorhabditis elegans here provides a great research platform as it is anatomically simple and shares more than 60% genetic similarities with humans. Oxidative stress, a major factor in cell damage and aging, is caused by an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals. In response to the stress upsurge, antioxidants form a defense system to neutralize the toxicity of ROS.
It has been well-known that moderate and regular exercise upregulates the production of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as oxidative stress increases. Similarly, reduction of intracellular ROS and the scavenging of free radicals can be achieved by increasing antioxidant defenses via dietary intake of antioxidants. We utilized synthetic SOD/catalase-mimetic molecule, EUK-134, as the antioxidant supplement. Based on the oxidative stress pathway, we assumed the deleterious effects of ROS can be suppressed by the increased antioxidant levels from exercise and antioxidant supplementation. However, making such tiny worms exercise remains challenging. To tackle the difficulty, we proposed a microfluidic treadmill to train worms. Microchannels were designed in the microfluidic treadmill as runways for worms to swim during an exercise treatment. SOD- and CAT-deficient worms were used to investigate whether exercise or supplementing with antioxidants would compensate for the deficiency of internal antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, the effectiveness of exercise and antioxidants in scavenging free radicals and the overall anti-aging impact was also explored.
In this research, the long-term benefits of exercise and antioxidants, and the importance of antioxidant enzymes on the oxidative stress pathway were investigated. The aims of this thesis were to explore (1) whether the lack of critical antioxidants would diminish the benefits produced by exercise and antioxidant supplements; (2) the mechanisms of exercise and antioxidant supplements in reducing ROS; and (3) the exogenous oxidative stress resistance of exercise-treated and antioxidant-treated worms.
The results showed that both SOD- and CAT-deficit worms that received exercise training and antioxidant supplements appeared to be able to resist external stress better than their control counterparts. It was also observed that SOD deficiency might had a greater negative impact than CAT deficiency. Notably, combined treatment of exercise and antioxidants effectively decreased ROS and enhanced SOD levels. In our observation, the benefits of exercise and antioxidants can usually last for days even after the treatment was ceased, suggesting the treatment may potentially result in a long-term effect. The overall result suggested that worms treated simultaneously with exercise and antioxidant supplements tend to perform best anti-aging effects among all conditioned groups. The study is expected to provide promising insight to future anti-aging therapies in higher animals.

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